Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is one of the most toxic pollutants in the soil,which could limit plant growth and crop productivity. In order to explore the toxicity of cadmium to rice root,root morphology and physiological characteristics of two rice cultivars (Xiushui 63 and Xiushui 09) were studied with roots exposed to different Cd concentration (0、1、5、10、25、50、100 μmol·L-1) in hydroponic culture. The results showed that a slight stimulatory effect on root growth was observed under 1 μmol·L-1 Cd level,with slight increase in dry weight,total root length,root surface-area,root volume and root activity. However,with the increase in Cd concentration (10～100 μmol·L-1),an obvious decrease was found in dry weight,root length,root surface-area,root volume and root activity for Xiushui 63 and Xiushui 09 exposed to 10 and 25 μmol·L-1 Cd,respectively,as compared with the control. In contrast,an increase in the average root diameter and relative permeability of plasma membrane was observed with the increase of Cd concentration. Roots with diameter≤1.5 mm of the two rice cultivars were affected significantly by different Cd concentration. Root length,root surface-area and root volume of roots with diameter≤1.5 mm for Xiushui 63 at Cd concentrations≥10 μmol·L-1 decreased 11.89%～55.39%,10.77%～57.27% and 18.37%～67.35%,and those for Xiushui 09 were 6.84%～40.48%,8.55%～42.79% and 16.50%～52.42%. Based on the results of this study,we can conclude that there was genotypic difference in rice in response to Cd toxicity,and Xiushui 09 was more tolerant to Cd stress than Xiushui 63.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
At 1 μmol·L-1 cadmium, rice root dry weight, length, surface area, volume and activity increased slightly.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativat0 - Treatment
- 1 μmol·L-1 Cd levele0
- Outcome
- dry weight,total root length,root surface-area,root volume and root activitye0
- Direction
- increasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a slight stimulatory effect on root growth was observed under 1 μmol·L-1 Cd level,with slight increase in dry weight,total root length,root surface-area,root volume and root activity”
t0“rice seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Higher cadmium decreased dry weight, root length, surface area, volume and activity in Xiushui 63 from 10 μmol·L-1.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Material
- Xiushui 63e0
- Treatment
- 10 and 25 μmol·L-1 Cde0
- Outcome
- dry weight,root length,root surface-area,root volume and root activitye0
- Direction
- decreasee0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“an obvious decrease was found in dry weight,root length,root surface-area,root volume and root activity for Xiushui 63 and Xiushui 09 exposed to 10 and 25 μmol·L-1 Cd,respectively,as compared with the control”
t0“rice seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Higher cadmium decreased dry weight, root length, surface area, volume and activity in Xiushui 09 from 25 μmol·L-1.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Material
- Xiushui 09e0
- Treatment
- 25 μmol·L-1 Cde0
- Outcome
- dry weight,root length,root surface-area,root volume and root activitye0
- Direction
- decreasee0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“an obvious decrease was found in dry weight,root length,root surface-area,root volume and root activity for Xiushui 63 and Xiushui 09 exposed to 10 and 25 μmol·L-1 Cd,respectively,as compared with the control”
t0“rice seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Average root diameter and plasma membrane permeability increased as cadmium concentration increased.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Cd concentratione0
- Outcome
- average root diameter and relative permeability of plasma membranee0
- Direction
- increasee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“an increase in the average root diameter and relative permeability of plasma membrane was observed with the increase of Cd concentration”
t0“rice seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Roots at or below 1.5 mm diameter were significantly affected by cadmium.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- different Cd concentratione0
- Outcome
- Roots with diameter≤1.5 mme0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Roots with diameter≤1.5 mm of the two rice cultivars were affected significantly by different Cd concentration”
t0“rice seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Xiushui 63 root length declined by 11.89%–55.39% at cadmium concentrations of at least 10 μmol·L-1.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Material
- Xiushui 63e0
- Treatment
- Cd concentrations≥10 μmol·L-1e0
- Outcome
- Root lengthe0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Value
- 11.89%～55.39%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Root length,root surface-area and root volume of roots with diameter≤1.5 mm for Xiushui 63 at Cd concentrations≥10 μmol·L-1 decreased 11.89%～55.39%,10.77%～57.27% and 18.37%～67.35%”
t0“rice seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Xiushui 63 root surface area declined by 10.77%–57.27%.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Material
- Xiushui 63e0
- Treatment
- Cd concentrations≥10 μmol·L-1e0
- Outcome
- root surface-areae0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Value
- 10.77%～57.27%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Root length,root surface-area and root volume of roots with diameter≤1.5 mm for Xiushui 63 at Cd concentrations≥10 μmol·L-1 decreased 11.89%～55.39%,10.77%～57.27% and 18.37%～67.35%”
t0“rice seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Xiushui 63 root volume declined by 18.37%–67.35%.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Material
- Xiushui 63e0
- Treatment
- Cd concentrations≥10 μmol·L-1e0
- Outcome
- root volumee0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Value
- 18.37%～67.35%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Root length,root surface-area and root volume of roots with diameter≤1.5 mm for Xiushui 63 at Cd concentrations≥10 μmol·L-1 decreased 11.89%～55.39%,10.77%～57.27% and 18.37%～67.35%”
t0“rice seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Xiushui 09 root length declined by 6.84%–40.48%.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Material
- Xiushui 09e0
- Value
- 6.84%～40.48%e0
Not reportedTreatmentComparatorOutcomeDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“those for Xiushui 09 were 6.84%～40.48%,8.55%～42.79% and 16.50%～52.42%”
t0“rice seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Xiushui 09 root surface area declined by 8.55%–42.79%.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Material
- Xiushui 09e0
- Value
- 8.55%～42.79%e0
Not reportedTreatmentComparatorOutcomeDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“those for Xiushui 09 were 6.84%～40.48%,8.55%～42.79% and 16.50%～52.42%”
t0“rice seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Xiushui 09 root volume declined by 16.50%–52.42%.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Material
- Xiushui 09e0
- Value
- 16.50%～52.42%e0
Not reportedTreatmentComparatorOutcomeDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“those for Xiushui 09 were 6.84%～40.48%,8.55%～42.79% and 16.50%～52.42%”
t0“rice seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Xiushui 09 was more tolerant to cadmium stress than Xiushui 63.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Material
- Xiushui 09e0
- Outcome
- tolerant to Cd stresse0
- Direction
- moree0
- Comparator
- Xiushui 63e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Xiushui 09 was more tolerant to Cd stress than Xiushui 63”
t0“rice seedlings”
The same questions in other papers
cadmium atom · growth · Oryza sativa (rice)Results differ
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