Abstract
Charcoal, or black coloured carbon-predominated stuff, is produced during incomplete combustion of woody plant biomass. Charcoal application to the soil can improve chemical and nutritional nature thereby inducing better plant growth and development. However, the utilization of charcoal in forestry sector, especially industrial plantation, has not been introduced due to the absence of available information. Indicator species used in this study are Acacia mangium and Michelia montana . A. mangium is one of the most important species grown in industrial plantations in Indonesia. Meanwhile M. montana is critical endemic species in Gunung Halimun National Park. Glasshouse research was designed to examine the effectiveness of charcoal incorporation into marginal soils on the growth of 6-month-old Acacia mangium and 6-month-old Michelia montana . Charcoal treatments were 0,10, 15 and 20% (v/v) for A. mangium , while 0, 5, 10, 15 and 20 % (v/v) for M. montana . Representative samples of Orthic Acrisol (i.e. Very fine, mixed, semiactive, isohyperthermic, and Typic Paleudult) were collected from B horizon. A completely randomized design with four replications (for A. mangium ) and five replications (for M. montana ) was employed to examine the effect of charcoal application on the plant growth and some important chemical properties of the corresponding soil. Charcoal additions to the soil significantly increased height, diameter, and leaf and stem biomass weight of A. mangium, and significantly increased height, diameter, and total biomass weight of M. montana seedlings in comparison to those of a control. Increasing the amount of charcoal higher than 10% level, however, have little effect on A. mangium growth. On the other hand, increasing the amount of charcoal higher than 10% is still effective on M. montana growth. This study indicated that charcoal application at the rates of 10 % for A. mangium and 15 % for M. montana would be adequate to improve the availability of soil nutrients, and hence significantly induce a better plant growth response.
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Claims 5
Claim · model-written summary
Charcoal additions to the soil significantly increased height, diameter, and leaf and stem biomass of Acacia mangium compared with a control.
- Taxon
- A. mangium
Acacia mangiume2 - Treatment
- Charcoal additions to the soile2
- Outcome
- height, diameter, and leaf and stem biomass weighte2
- Direction
- increasede2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“Charcoal additions to the soil significantly increased height, diameter, and leaf and stem biomass weight of A. mangium”
Claim · model-written summary
Charcoal additions significantly increased height, diameter and total biomass weight of Michelia montana seedlings compared with a control.
Verbatim
e2“Charcoal additions to the soil significantly increased height, diameter, and leaf and stem biomass weight of A. mangium”
e3“significantly increased height, diameter, and total biomass weight of M. montana seedlings in comparison to those of a control”
Claim · model-written summary
Charcoal above 10% had little effect on Acacia mangium growth.
- Taxon
- A. mangiumAcacia mangiume5
- Treatment
- Increasing the amount of charcoal higher than 10% levele5
- Outcome
- growthe5
- Direction
- no_changeinferrede5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“Increasing the amount of charcoal higher than 10% level, however, have little effect on A. mangium growth”
Claim · model-written summary
Charcoal above 10% remained effective for Michelia montana growth.
- Taxon
- M. montanaMagnolia montanae6
- Treatment
- increasing the amount of charcoal higher than 10%e6
- Outcome
- growthe6
- Qualifier
- still effectivee6
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Verbatim
e6“increasing the amount of charcoal higher than 10% is still effective on M. montana growth”
Claim · model-written summary
Charcoal at 10% for A. mangium and 15% for M. montana would be adequate to improve soil nutrient availability and growth.
- Taxon
- A. mangiumAcacia mangiume4
- Treatment
- charcoal application at the rates of 10 % for A. mangium and 15 % for M. montanae4
- Outcome
- availability of soil nutrientse4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“This study indicated that charcoal application at the rates of 10 % for A. mangium and 15 % for M. montana would be adequate to improve the availability of soil nutrients, and hence significantly induce a better plant growth response”
The same questions in other papers
charcoal · growth · Acacia mangiumResults agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.