Abstract
BACKGROUND: Chestnut blight, caused by the fungus Cryphonectria parasitica, is a severe chestnut disease that can be controlled with naturally occurring hypoviruses in many areas of Europe. The aim of this research was to measure the effect of different Cryphonectria hypovirus 1 (CHV1) strains on the growth of the fungal host and select strains that could potentially be used for human-mediated biocontrol in forests and orchards, and to investigate whether and how chestnut-fungus-virus interactions affect the development and growth of the lesion area on cut stems. RESULTS: Two Croatian CHV1 strains (CR23 and M56/1) were selected as potential biocontrol agents. The sequencing of CHV1/ORF-A showed that both of these virus strains belonged to the Italian subtype of CHV1. In vitro transfection of selected virus strains from hypovirulent to genetically diverse virus-free fungal isolates and subsequent inoculation of all virus/fungus combinations on stems of genetically diverse sweet chestnut trees revealed that Croatian virus strain CR23 had an equally hypovirulent effect on the host as the strong French strain CHV1-EP713, while M56/1 had a weaker effect. Furthermore, it was shown that in some cases the same hypovirus/fungus combinations induced various degrees of canker development on different chestnut genotypes. CONCLUSION: Some CHV1 strains belonging to the Italian subtype have similar hypovirulent effects on C. parasitica to those belonging to the French subtype. Furthermore, chestnut susceptibility and recovery could be influenced by the response of chestnut trees to particular hypovirulent C. parasitica isolates, and virus-fungus-chestnut interactions could have significant implications for the success of chestnut blight biocontrol. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Croatian CHV1 strain CR23 had a hypovirulent effect on the sweet chestnut host equal to the strong French strain CHV1-EP713
- Taxon
- sweet chestnutt0
- Treatment
- Croatian virus strain CR23e2
- Interactor
- Cryphonectria parasitica
Cryphonectria parasiticat0pathogen - Second interactor
- Cryphonectria hypovirus 1Cryphonectria hypovirus 1t0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- hypovirulent effecte2
- Direction
- equallye2
- Comparator
- strong French strain CHV1-EP713e2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“host sweet chestnut, its pathogen Cryphonectria parasitica and the biocontrol agent Cryphonectria hypovirus 1”
e2“Croatian virus strain CR23 had an equally hypovirulent effect on the host as the strong French strain CHV1-EP713, while M56/1 had a weaker effect”
Claim · model-written summary
Croatian CHV1 strain M56/1 had a weaker hypovirulent effect on the sweet chestnut host than the strong French strain CHV1-EP713
- Taxon
- sweet chestnutt0
- Treatment
- M56/1e2
- Interactor
- Cryphonectria parasiticaCryphonectria parasiticat0pathogen
- Second interactor
- Cryphonectria hypovirus 1Cryphonectria hypovirus 1t0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- hypovirulent effecte2
- Direction
- weakere2
- Comparator
- strong French strain CHV1-EP713e2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“host sweet chestnut, its pathogen Cryphonectria parasitica and the biocontrol agent Cryphonectria hypovirus 1”
e2“Croatian virus strain CR23 had an equally hypovirulent effect on the host as the strong French strain CHV1-EP713, while M56/1 had a weaker effect”
Claim · model-written summary
CHV1 strains of the Italian subtype have hypovirulent effects on C. parasitica similar to those of the French subtype
- Taxon
- sweet chestnutt0
- Treatment
- CHV1 strains belonging to the Italian subtypee6
- Interactor
- C. parasiticaCryphonectria parasiticae6pathogen
- Outcome
- hypovirulent effects on C. parasiticae6
- Direction
- similare6
- Comparator
- French subtypee6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“host sweet chestnut, its pathogen Cryphonectria parasitica and the biocontrol agent Cryphonectria hypovirus 1”
e6“Some CHV1 strains belonging to the Italian subtype have similar hypovirulent effects on C. parasitica to those belonging to the French subtype”
Claim · model-written summary
The two Croatian CHV1 strains belong to the Italian subtype
- Taxon
- sweet chestnutt0
- Interactor
- CHV1Cryphonectria hypovirus 1e1biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- belonged to the Italian subtypee1
Verbatim
t0“host sweet chestnut, its pathogen Cryphonectria parasitica and the biocontrol agent Cryphonectria hypovirus 1”
e1“The sequencing of CHV1/ORF-A showed that both of these virus strains belonged to the Italian subtype of CHV1”
Claim · model-written summary
Hypovirus and fungus combinations induced various degrees of canker development on different chestnut genotypes
- Taxon
- sweet chestnutt0
- Material
- different chestnut genotypese3
- Interactor
- Cryphonectria parasiticaCryphonectria parasiticat0pathogen
- Outcome
- canker developmente3
- Direction
- various degreese3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“host sweet chestnut, its pathogen Cryphonectria parasitica and the biocontrol agent Cryphonectria hypovirus 1”
e3“in some cases the same hypovirus/fungus combinations induced various degrees of canker development on different chestnut genotypes”
Claim · model-written summary
Chestnut susceptibility and recovery could be influenced by the chestnut response to particular hypovirulent C. parasitica isolates
- Taxon
- sweet chestnutt0
- Interactor
- C. parasiticaCryphonectria parasiticae4pathogen
- Outcome
- chestnut susceptibility and recoverye4
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“host sweet chestnut, its pathogen Cryphonectria parasitica and the biocontrol agent Cryphonectria hypovirus 1”
e4“chestnut susceptibility and recovery could be influenced by the response of chestnut trees to particular hypovirulent C. parasitica isolates”
Claim · model-written summary
Virus-fungus-chestnut interactions could affect the success of chestnut blight biocontrol
Verbatim
t0“host sweet chestnut, its pathogen Cryphonectria parasitica and the biocontrol agent Cryphonectria hypovirus 1”
e5“virus-fungus-chestnut interactions could have significant implications for the success of chestnut blight biocontrol”
The same questions in other papers
40268 · Cryphonectria parasitica · CastaneaResults agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.