Abstract
Chromium (Cr) contamination in soil is a growing concern in sustainable agriculture production and food safety. We performed pot experiment with chromium (30 mg/soil) to assess the accumulation potential of Zea mays and study the influence of four fertilizers, viz. Farm Yard Manure (FYM), NPK, Panchakavya (PK) and Vermicompost (VC) with respect to Cr accumulation. The oxidative stress and pigment (chlorophyll) levels were also examined. The results showed increased accumulation of chromium in both shoots and roots of Zea mays under FYM and NPK supply, and reduced with PK and VC. While the protein and pigment contents decreased in Cr treated plants, the fertilizers substantiated the loss to overcome the stress. Similarly, accumulation of Cr increased the levels of antioxidant enzymes such as catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and peroxidase (POD) indicating the enhanced damage control activity. However, these levels were relatively low in plants supplemented with fertilizers. Our results confirm that the maize can play an effective role in bioremediation of soils polluted with chromium, particularly in supplementation with fertilizers such as farm yard manure and NPK.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Farmyard manure increased chromium accumulation in maize shoots and roots.
Zea maysNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The results showed increased accumulation of chromium in both shoots and roots of Zea mays under FYM and NPK supply”
Claim · model-written summary
NPK increased chromium accumulation in maize shoots and roots.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The results showed increased accumulation of chromium in both shoots and roots of Zea mays under FYM and NPK supply”
Claim · model-written summary
Panchakavya reduced chromium accumulation in maize.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“and reduced with PK and VC.”
t0“Chromium accumulation potential of Zea mays grown under four different fertilizers.”
Claim · model-written summary
Vermicompost reduced chromium accumulation in maize.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“and reduced with PK and VC.”
t0“Chromium accumulation potential of Zea mays grown under four different fertilizers.”
Claim · model-written summary
Chromium treatment lowered maize protein and pigment content.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“While the protein and pigment contents decreased in Cr treated plants”
t0“Chromium accumulation potential of Zea mays grown under four different fertilizers.”
Claim · model-written summary
Fertilizers countered chromium-related losses in maize protein and pigment content.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“While the protein and pigment contents decreased in Cr treated plants, the fertilizers substantiated the loss to overcome the stress.”
t0“Chromium accumulation potential of Zea mays grown under four different fertilizers.”
Claim · model-written summary
Chromium accumulation raised catalase, superoxide dismutase and peroxidase levels in maize.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“accumulation of Cr increased the levels of antioxidant enzymes such as catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and peroxidase (POD)”
t0“Chromium accumulation potential of Zea mays grown under four different fertilizers.”
Claim · model-written summary
Fertilizer supplementation lowered antioxidant enzyme levels relative to chromium-stressed plants without fertilizer.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“However, these levels were relatively low in plants supplemented with fertilizers.”
t0“Chromium accumulation potential of Zea mays grown under four different fertilizers.”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors conclude maize can help remediate chromium-polluted soil, especially with farmyard manure or NPK.
- Outcome
- bioremediation of soils polluted with chromiume0
- Qualifier
- particularly in supplementation with fertilizers such as farm yard manure and NPKe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“maize can play an effective role in bioremediation of soils polluted with chromium, particularly in supplementation with fertilizers such as farm yard manure and NPK.”
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