Abstract
Laboratory and field studies were conducted to evaluate the compatibility and bio-efficacy of newly released insecticides and fungicides alone and in combination against defoliator pests, Aproaerema modicella (Deventer); Spodoptera litura (Fabricius) and late leaf spot in groundnut during Rabi 2012-13. Slight phytotoxic symptoms (chlorosis) were seen in combination treatments of Thiodicarb 75 WP + Hexaconazole 5 EC and Chlorfenapyr 10 SC + Hexaconazole 5 EC with phytotoxicity score of 1 (0 to 10%) only at recommended dose. spinosad 45 SC + mancozeb 75 WP, spinosad 45 SC + hexaconazole 5 EC, flubendiamide 20 WG + hexaconazole 5 EC and chlorfenapyr 10 SC + hexaconazole 5 EC combinations at recommended dose were found to be superior to the rest of tested combinations with a mean per cent A. modicella larval population reduction of 87.5 and comparable to that of insecticides alone. The mean per cent defoliation by S. litura in insecticide alone treated plots ranged from 8.4 to 14.1% whereas it was 7.7 to 17.6 % in insecticide and fungicide combination treated plots and did not reduce the efficacy of the insecticides when mixed with fungicides. The fungicide and insecticide combinations registered the same efficacy with respect to late leaf spot disease (31-40% disease severity) compared to fungicides alone. The dry pod yields are also highest in insecticide and fungicide combinations (1806 to 2590 Kg/ha) compared to insecticides (910 to 1155 Kg/ha) or fungicides (1259 to 1368 Kg/ha) alone and untreated control (764 Kg/ha).
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record, shown for indexing and research. Copyright remains with the authors or the publisher. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Thiodicarb plus hexaconazole caused slight chlorosis with phytotoxicity score 1 at the recommended dose.
- Taxon
- Groundnut
Arachis hypogaeat0 - Treatment
- Thiodicarb 75 WP + Hexaconazole 5 ECe0
- Outcome
- phytotoxic symptoms (chlorosis)e0
- Value
- 1 (0 to 10%)e0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Slight phytotoxic symptoms (chlorosis) were seen in combination treatments of Thiodicarb 75 WP + Hexaconazole 5 EC and Chlorfenapyr 10 SC + Hexaconazole 5 EC with phytotoxicity score of 1 (0 to 10%) only at recommended dose.”
t0“Groundnut”
Claim · model-written summary
Chlorfenapyr plus hexaconazole caused slight chlorosis with phytotoxicity score 1 at the recommended dose.
- Taxon
- GroundnutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- Chlorfenapyr 10 SC + Hexaconazole 5 ECe0
- Outcome
- phytotoxic symptoms (chlorosis)e0
- Value
- 1 (0 to 10%)e0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Slight phytotoxic symptoms (chlorosis) were seen in combination treatments of Thiodicarb 75 WP + Hexaconazole 5 EC and Chlorfenapyr 10 SC + Hexaconazole 5 EC with phytotoxicity score of 1 (0 to 10%) only at recommended dose.”
t0“Groundnut”
Claim · model-written summary
Spinosad plus mancozeb was among combinations superior for A. modicella larval population reduction.
- Taxon
- GroundnutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- spinosad 45 SC + mancozeb 75 WPe0
- Interactor
- A. modicellaAproaerema modicellae0pest
- Outcome
- A. modicella larval population reductione0
- Direction
- superiore0
- Value
- 87.5e0
- Comparator
- the rest of tested combinationse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“spinosad 45 SC + mancozeb 75 WP, spinosad 45 SC + hexaconazole 5 EC, flubendiamide 20 WG + hexaconazole 5 EC and chlorfenapyr 10 SC + hexaconazole 5 EC combinations at recommended dose were found to be superior to the rest of tested combinations with a mean per cent A. modicella larval population reduction of 87.5 and comparable to that of insecticides alone.”
t0“Groundnut”
Claim · model-written summary
Spinosad plus hexaconazole was among combinations superior for A. modicella larval population reduction.
- Taxon
- GroundnutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- spinosad 45 SC + hexaconazole 5 ECe0
- Interactor
- A. modicellaAproaerema modicellae0
- Outcome
- A. modicella larval population reductione0
- Direction
- superiore0
- Value
- 87.5e0
- Comparator
- the rest of tested combinationse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“spinosad 45 SC + mancozeb 75 WP, spinosad 45 SC + hexaconazole 5 EC, flubendiamide 20 WG + hexaconazole 5 EC and chlorfenapyr 10 SC + hexaconazole 5 EC combinations at recommended dose were found to be superior to the rest of tested combinations with a mean per cent A. modicella larval population reduction of 87.5 and comparable to that of insecticides alone.”
t0“Groundnut”
Claim · model-written summary
Flubendiamide plus hexaconazole was among combinations superior for A. modicella larval population reduction.
- Taxon
- GroundnutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- flubendiamide 20 WG + hexaconazole 5 ECe0
- Interactor
- A. modicellaAproaerema modicellae0
- Outcome
- A. modicella larval population reductione0
- Direction
- superiore0
- Value
- 87.5e0
- Comparator
- the rest of tested combinationse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“spinosad 45 SC + mancozeb 75 WP, spinosad 45 SC + hexaconazole 5 EC, flubendiamide 20 WG + hexaconazole 5 EC and chlorfenapyr 10 SC + hexaconazole 5 EC combinations at recommended dose were found to be superior to the rest of tested combinations with a mean per cent A. modicella larval population reduction of 87.5 and comparable to that of insecticides alone.”
t0“Groundnut”
Claim · model-written summary
Chlorfenapyr plus hexaconazole was among combinations superior for A. modicella larval population reduction.
- Taxon
- GroundnutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- chlorfenapyr 10 SC + hexaconazole 5 ECe0
- Interactor
- A. modicellaAproaerema modicellae0
- Outcome
- A. modicella larval population reductione0
- Direction
- superiore0
- Value
- 87.5e0
- Comparator
- the rest of tested combinationse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“spinosad 45 SC + mancozeb 75 WP, spinosad 45 SC + hexaconazole 5 EC, flubendiamide 20 WG + hexaconazole 5 EC and chlorfenapyr 10 SC + hexaconazole 5 EC combinations at recommended dose were found to be superior to the rest of tested combinations with a mean per cent A. modicella larval population reduction of 87.5 and comparable to that of insecticides alone.”
t0“Groundnut”
Claim · model-written summary
S. litura defoliation ranged from 8.4 to 14.1% in insecticide-only plots.
- Taxon
- GroundnutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- insecticide alonee0
- Interactor
- S. litura
Spodoptera liturae0 - Outcome
- defoliation by S. liturae0
- Value
- 8.4 to 14.1%e0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The mean per cent defoliation by S. litura in insecticide alone treated plots ranged from 8.4 to 14.1%”
t0“Groundnut”
Claim · model-written summary
S. litura defoliation ranged from 7.7 to 17.6% in insecticide and fungicide combination plots.
- Taxon
- GroundnutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- insecticide and fungicide combinatione0
- Interactor
- S. lituraSpodoptera liturae0pest
- Outcome
- defoliatione0
- Value
- 7.7 to 17.6 %e0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The mean per cent defoliation by S. litura in insecticide alone treated plots ranged from 8.4 to 14.1% whereas it was 7.7 to 17.6 % in insecticide and fungicide combination treated plots”
t0“Groundnut”
Claim · model-written summary
Fungicide and insecticide combinations had the same late leaf spot efficacy as fungicides alone, with 31–40% disease severity.
- Taxon
- GroundnutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- fungicide and insecticide combinationse0
- Outcome
- late leaf spot diseasee0
- Direction
- same efficacye0
- Value
- 31-40%e0
- Comparator
- fungicides alonee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The fungicide and insecticide combinations registered the same efficacy with respect to late leaf spot disease (31-40% disease severity) compared to fungicides alone.”
t0“Groundnut”
Claim · model-written summary
Insecticide and fungicide combinations yielded 1806 to 2590 Kg/ha dry pods, higher than individual treatments and untreated controls.
- Taxon
- GroundnutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- insecticide and fungicide combinationse0
- Outcome
- dry pod yieldse0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 1806 to 2590 Kg/hae0
- Qualifier
- fungicides (1259 to 1368 Kg/ha) alone and untreated control (764 Kg/ha)e0
- Comparator
- insecticidese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The dry pod yields are also highest in insecticide and fungicide combinations (1806 to 2590 Kg/ha) compared to insecticides (910 to 1155 Kg/ha) or fungicides (1259 to 1368 Kg/ha) alone and untreated control (764 Kg/ha).”
t0“Groundnut”
The same questions in other papers
hexaconazole · physiology: pigments · Arachis hypogaea (peanut)Positive and negative results
1 in the opposite direction
- positive
insecticide · yield · Arachis hypogaea (peanut)Results differ
21 papers in the same direction as this paper · 7 in the opposite direction · 2 reporting no difference from an alternative
- no effect
- no effect
- no effect
27 papers more in this group
See all 31 papers →fungicide · yield · Arachis hypogaea (peanut)Results differ
39 papers in the same direction as this paper · 10 in the opposite direction · 3 reporting no difference from an alternative
- no effect
- no effect
- no effect
49 papers more in this group
See all 53 papers →insecticide · disease · Arachis hypogaea (peanut)Positive and negative results
2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 4 reporting no difference from an alternative
- positive
- positive
- positive
3 papers more in this group
See all 7 papers →fungicide · disease · Arachis hypogaea (peanut)Positive and negative results
7 papers in the same direction as this paper · 38 reporting no difference from an alternative
- positive
- positive
- positive
42 papers more in this group
See all 46 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.