Abstract
This study was undertaken to determine the most appropriate infraspecific taxonomy for Acer glabrum, as a review of the recent literature showed that the biological and taxonomic validity of the infraspecific taxa of Acer glabrum is not clear. This study involved field and herbarium studies, morphometric analysis, common garden transplant experiments and foliar flavonoid analysis. Field and herbarium studies showed that subsp. siskiyouense, var. greenei and var. tripartitum, names common in the literature, do not represent valid taxa. Varieties diffusum, douglasii, glabrum, neomexicanum, and torreyi are recognized, and have distinguishing leaf morphological characters that are correlated with more or less discrete geographical ranges. Morphometric analysis showed that leaf morphology is geographically correlated, but some numerical methods are not able to discriminate all taxa. Transplant experiments suggest that the distinctive morphologies of the early leaves of individual taxa are genetically fixed, and that late leaves, subject to environmental constraints, all tend toward a single morphology. Flavonoid analysis showed that there is no variation within or among the infraspecific taxa. The presence of flavanones strengthens the presumed close relationships between sections Glabra, Arguta, Cissifolia and Indivisa.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Subsp. siskiyouense does not represent a valid taxon.
- Taxon
- Acer glabrum
Acer glabrumt0 - Material
- subsp. siskiyouensee0
- Outcome
- do not represent valid taxae0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“subsp. siskiyouense, var. greenei and var. tripartitum, names common in the literature, do not represent valid taxa”
t0“Acer glabrum”
Claim · model-written summary
Var. greenei does not represent a valid taxon.
- Taxon
- Acer glabrumAcer glabrumt0
- Material
- var. greeneie0
- Outcome
- do not represent valid taxae0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“subsp. siskiyouense, var. greenei and var. tripartitum, names common in the literature, do not represent valid taxa”
t0“Acer glabrum”
Claim · model-written summary
Var. tripartitum does not represent a valid taxon.
- Taxon
- Acer glabrumAcer glabrumt0
- Material
- var. tripartitume0
- Outcome
- do not represent valid taxae0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“subsp. siskiyouense, var. greenei and var. tripartitum, names common in the literature, do not represent valid taxa”
t0“Acer glabrum”
Claim · model-written summary
Varieties diffusum, douglasii and glabrum are recognized with distinguishing leaf morphology and geographic ranges.
- Taxon
- Acer glabrumAcer glabrumt0
- Outcome
- distinguishing leaf morphological characterse0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Varieties diffusum, douglasii, glabrum, neomexicanum, and torreyi are recognized, and have distinguishing leaf morphological characters that are correlated with more or less discrete geographical ranges”
t0“Acer glabrum”
Claim · model-written summary
Varieties neomexicanum and torreyi are recognized with distinguishing leaf morphology and geographic ranges.
- Taxon
- Acer glabrumAcer glabrumt0
- Outcome
- more or less discrete geographical rangese0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Varieties diffusum, douglasii, glabrum, neomexicanum, and torreyi are recognized, and have distinguishing leaf morphological characters that are correlated with more or less discrete geographical ranges”
t0“Acer glabrum”
Claim · model-written summary
Leaf morphology was geographically correlated.
- Taxon
- Acer glabrumAcer glabrumt0
- Outcome
- leaf morphologye0
- Setting
- geographicallye0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“leaf morphology is geographically correlated”
t0“Acer glabrum”
Claim · model-written summary
Some numerical methods could not discriminate all taxa.
- Taxon
- Acer glabrumAcer glabrumt0
- Outcome
- discriminate all taxae0
- Comparator
- some numerical methodse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“some numerical methods are not able to discriminate all taxa”
t0“Acer glabrum”
Claim · model-written summary
Early leaf morphologies of individual taxa appear genetically fixed.
- Taxon
- Acer glabrumAcer glabrumt0
- Organ / stage
- early leavese0
- Outcome
- genetically fixede0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Transplant experiments suggest that the distinctive morphologies of the early leaves of individual taxa are genetically fixed”
t0“Acer glabrum”
Claim · model-written summary
Late leaves tend toward a single morphology under environmental constraints.
- Taxon
- Acer glabrumAcer glabrumt0
- Organ / stage
- late leavese0
- Outcome
- single morphologye0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“late leaves, subject to environmental constraints, all tend toward a single morphology”
t0“Acer glabrum”
Claim · model-written summary
Flavonoid analysis found no variation within or among infraspecific taxa.
- Taxon
- Acer glabrumAcer glabrumt0
- Outcome
- Flavonoide0
- Direction
- no variatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Flavonoid analysis showed that there is no variation within or among the infraspecific taxa”
t0“Acer glabrum”
Claim · model-written summary
The presence of flavanones supports presumed close relationships among four sections.
- Taxon
- Acer glabrumAcer glabrumt0
- Compound
- flavanonese0
- Outcome
- close relationshipse0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The presence of flavanones strengthens the presumed close relationships between sections Glabra, Arguta, Cissifolia and Indivisa”
t0“Acer glabrum”