Abstract
The effects of exogenous application of plant growth regulators (PGRs) were evaluated on both field performance and in vitro gynogenesis of ‘Chai Lai’ and ‘Big C’ cucumber ( Cucumis sativus L.). Plants were sprayed with two concentrations of N 6 -furfuryladenine [kinetin (KIN); 2 and 20 ppm], 2,3,5-triiodobenzoic acid (TIBA; 1 and 10 ppm), naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA; 10 and 100 ppm), abscisic acid (ABA; 2 and 20 ppm), thidiazuron (TDZ; 1 and 10 ppm), and maleic hydrazide (MH; 10 and 100 ppm) to assess their effects on vegetative growth and floral and yield related traits in the Winter of 2013 and in the Summer of 2014 compared with distilled water control. Meanwhile, the effects of two PGRs (KIN and TIBA) on cucumber gynogenesis were also investigated in vitro. Growth parameters and floral and yield-related traits were significantly affected by the various PGRs in both cultivars during both seasons. In both cultivars, the highest yield was obtained with the application of 10 ppm NAA during the Winter of 2013 (1.5- to 1.8-fold over control) and with 1 ppm TIBA during the Summer of 2014 (2.1- to 2.2-fold over control). With regard to the ovary culture response, exogenous application of KIN and TIBA on floral buds tended to enhance callus formation in ‘Chai Lai’ cultured on I7 medium, whereas no effect was observed in ‘Big C’. The embryo-like structure (ELS) formation efficiencies also tended to increase with 2 and 20 ppm KIN and 1 ppm TIBA application in ‘Chai Lai’ and with 20 ppm KIN and 1 ppm TIBA application in ‘Big C’ when cultured on I7 medium. Nevertheless, TIBA at high concentrations (10 ppm) decreased the percentages of ELS formation and the number of ELSs/piece in both cultivars. These results suggest that the polar auxin transport may play a major role on growth, floral and yield-related traits, yield as well as in vitro gynogenesis in cucumber. However, the success of exogenous applications of these PGRs depended on several factors including plant genotypes, growing seasons, types and concentrations of PGRs, and for ovary culture, the responses also varied according to the induction media used. Chemical names: abscisic acid (ABA); maleic hydrazide (MH); naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA); N 6 -furfuryladenine (kinetin; KIN); thidiazuron (TDZ); 2,3,5-triiodobenzoic acid (TIBA).
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
PGRs significantly affected growth, floral and yield traits in both cultivars and seasons.
- Taxon
- cucumber
Cucumis sativust0 - Treatment
- various PGRse0
- Outcome
- Growth parameters and floral and yield-related traitse0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Growth parameters and floral and yield-related traits were significantly affected by the various PGRs in both cultivars during both seasons”
t0“Cucumber”
Claim · model-written summary
10 ppm NAA gave highest winter yield at 1.5- to 1.8-fold over control.
- Taxon
- CucumberCucumis sativust0
- Treatment
- 10 ppm NAAe0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 1.5- to 1.8-folde0
- Qualifier
- Winter of 2013e0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the highest yield was obtained with the application of 10 ppm NAA during the Winter of 2013 (1.5- to 1.8-fold over control)”
t0“Cucumber”
Claim · model-written summary
1 ppm TIBA gave highest summer yield at 2.1- to 2.2-fold over control.
- Taxon
- CucumberCucumis sativust0
- Treatment
- 1 ppm TIBAe0
- Outcome
- yielde1
- Direction
- higheste1
- Value
- 2.1- to 2.2-folde0
- Qualifier
- Summer of 2014e0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“with 1 ppm TIBA during the Summer of 2014 (2.1- to 2.2-fold over control)”
t0“Cucumber”
e1“the highest yield was obtained”
Claim · model-written summary
KIN on floral buds tended to enhance callus formation in Chai Lai on I7 medium.
- Taxon
- CucumberCucumis sativust0
- Material
- ‘Chai Lai’e0
- Organ / stage
- floral budse0
- Treatment
- KINe0
- Outcome
- callus formatione0
- Direction
- enhancee0
- Qualifier
- I7 mediume0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“exogenous application of KIN and TIBA on floral buds tended to enhance callus formation in ‘Chai Lai’ cultured on I7 medium”
t0“Cucumber”
Claim · model-written summary
TIBA on floral buds tended to enhance callus formation in Chai Lai on I7 medium.
- Taxon
- CucumberCucumis sativust0
- Material
- ‘Chai Lai’e0
- Organ / stage
- floral budse0
- Treatment
- TIBAe0
- Outcome
- callus formatione0
- Direction
- enhancee0
- Qualifier
- I7 mediume0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“exogenous application of KIN and TIBA on floral buds tended to enhance callus formation in ‘Chai Lai’ cultured on I7 medium”
t0“Cucumber”
Claim · model-written summary
KIN and TIBA had no observed callus formation effect in Big C.
- Taxon
- CucumberCucumis sativust0
- Material
- ‘Big C’e0
- Treatment
- KIN and TIBAe1
- Outcome
- callus formatione1
- Direction
- no effecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“whereas no effect was observed in ‘Big C’”
t0“Cucumber”
e1“exogenous application of KIN and TIBA on floral buds tended to enhance callus formation”
Claim · model-written summary
2 and 20 ppm KIN tended to increase ELS formation efficiency in Chai Lai on I7 medium.
- Taxon
- CucumberCucumis sativust0
- Material
- ‘Chai Lai’e0
- Treatment
- 2 and 20 ppm KINe0
- Outcome
- ELS) formation efficienciese0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Qualifier
- I7 mediume0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“ELS) formation efficiencies also tended to increase with 2 and 20 ppm KIN and 1 ppm TIBA application in ‘Chai Lai’ and with 20 ppm KIN and 1 ppm TIBA application in ‘Big C’ when cultured on I7 medium”
t0“Cucumber”
Claim · model-written summary
1 ppm TIBA tended to increase ELS formation efficiency in Chai Lai.
- Taxon
- CucumberCucumis sativust0
- Material
- ‘Chai Lai’e0
- Treatment
- 1 ppm TIBAe0
- Outcome
- ELS) formation efficienciese0
- Direction
- increasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“ELS) formation efficiencies also tended to increase with 2 and 20 ppm KIN and 1 ppm TIBA application in ‘Chai Lai’”
t0“Cucumber”
Claim · model-written summary
20 ppm KIN tended to increase ELS formation efficiency in Big C.
- Taxon
- CucumberCucumis sativust0
- Material
- ‘Big C’e0
- Treatment
- 20 ppm KINe0
- Outcome
- ELS) formation efficienciese1
- Direction
- increasee1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“and with 20 ppm KIN and 1 ppm TIBA application in ‘Big C’ when cultured on I7 medium”
t0“Cucumber”
e1“ELS) formation efficiencies also tended to increase”
Claim · model-written summary
1 ppm TIBA tended to increase ELS formation efficiency in Big C.
- Taxon
- CucumberCucumis sativust0
- Material
- ‘Big C’e0
- Treatment
- 1 ppm TIBAe0
- Outcome
- ELS) formation efficienciese1
- Direction
- increasee1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“and with 20 ppm KIN and 1 ppm TIBA application in ‘Big C’ when cultured on I7 medium”
t0“Cucumber”
e1“ELS) formation efficiencies also tended to increase”
Claim · model-written summary
10 ppm TIBA decreased ELS formation percentage in both cultivars.
- Taxon
- CucumberCucumis sativust0
- Treatment
- TIBA at high concentrations (10 ppm)e0
- Outcome
- percentages of ELS formatione0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“TIBA at high concentrations (10 ppm) decreased the percentages of ELS formation and the number of ELSs/piece in both cultivars”
t0“Cucumber”
Claim · model-written summary
10 ppm TIBA decreased ELS count per piece in both cultivars.
- Taxon
- CucumberCucumis sativust0
- Treatment
- TIBA at high concentrations (10 ppm)e0
- Outcome
- number of ELSs/piecee0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“TIBA at high concentrations (10 ppm) decreased the percentages of ELS formation and the number of ELSs/piece in both cultivars”
t0“Cucumber”
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Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.