Abstract
Abstract ‘Delicious’ and ‘Golden Delicious’ apples ( Malus domestica Borkh.) on seedling rootstock were grown with trickle and sprinkler irrigation, both operated at high frequency of irrigation (daily). Trees with trickle irrigation developed lower leaf water potentials and produced less vegetative growth than trees with sprinkler irrigation, but fruit and productivity were similar. Apples from the trickle-irrigated trees had less water content and higher soluble solids than those from sprinkler-irrigated trees. Titratable acidity tended to be lower and both red color in ‘Delicious’ and yellow color in ‘Golden Delicious’ tended to be higher in fruit from trickle-irrigated trees than from sprinkled trees; firmness at harvest was similar regardless of irrigation procedure. Storage life was not influenced consistently by irrigation. Where differences did occur, the fruit from trickle-irrigated trees was softer after storage. Changes in fruit quality similar to those observed in trickle-irrigated trees were produced by imposing, through high frequency deficit irrigation with sprinklers, similar moisture deficits on apple trees, as measured by leaf water potential.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Trickle-irrigated apple trees had lower leaf water potentials than sprinkler-irrigated trees.
- Taxon
- apples
Malus domesticae0 - Organ / stage
- leafe1
- Treatment
- trickle irrigatione1
- Outcome
- leaf water potentialse1
- Direction
- lowere1
- Comparator
- sprinkler irrigatione1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“apples ( Malus domestica Borkh.) on seedling rootstock were grown with trickle and sprinkler irrigation”
e1“Trees with trickle irrigation developed lower leaf water potentials and produced less vegetative growth than trees with sprinkler irrigation”
Claim · model-written summary
Trickle-irrigated apple trees produced less vegetative growth than sprinkler-irrigated trees.
- Taxon
- applesMalus domesticae0
- Treatment
- trickle irrigatione1
- Outcome
- vegetative growthe1
- Direction
- lesse1
- Comparator
- sprinkler irrigatione1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“apples ( Malus domestica Borkh.) on seedling rootstock were grown with trickle and sprinkler irrigation”
e1“Trees with trickle irrigation developed lower leaf water potentials and produced less vegetative growth than trees with sprinkler irrigation”
Claim · model-written summary
Fruit and productivity were similar under trickle and sprinkler irrigation.
- Taxon
- applesMalus domesticae0
- Treatment
- trickle irrigatione1
- Outcome
- fruit and productivitye2
- Direction
- similare2
- Comparator
- sprinkler irrigatione1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“apples ( Malus domestica Borkh.) on seedling rootstock were grown with trickle and sprinkler irrigation”
e1“Trees with trickle irrigation developed lower leaf water potentials and produced less vegetative growth than trees with sprinkler irrigation”
e2“but fruit and productivity were similar”
Claim · model-written summary
Apples from trickle-irrigated trees had less water content than those from sprinkler-irrigated trees.
- Taxon
- applesMalus domesticae0
- Treatment
- trickle-irrigated treese3
- Outcome
- water contente3
- Direction
- lesse3
- Comparator
- sprinkler-irrigated treese3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“apples ( Malus domestica Borkh.) on seedling rootstock were grown with trickle and sprinkler irrigation”
e3“Apples from the trickle-irrigated trees had less water content and higher soluble solids than those from sprinkler-irrigated trees”
Claim · model-written summary
Apples from trickle-irrigated trees had higher soluble solids than those from sprinkler-irrigated trees.
- Taxon
- applesMalus domesticae0
- Treatment
- trickle-irrigated treese3
- Outcome
- soluble solidse3
- Direction
- highere3
- Comparator
- sprinkler-irrigated treese3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“apples ( Malus domestica Borkh.) on seedling rootstock were grown with trickle and sprinkler irrigation”
e3“Apples from the trickle-irrigated trees had less water content and higher soluble solids than those from sprinkler-irrigated trees”
Claim · model-written summary
Titratable acidity tended to be lower in fruit from trickle-irrigated trees.
- Taxon
- applesMalus domesticae0
- Treatment
- trickle-irrigated treese4
- Outcome
- Titratable aciditye4
- Direction
- lowere4
- Comparator
- sprinkled treese4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“apples ( Malus domestica Borkh.) on seedling rootstock were grown with trickle and sprinkler irrigation”
e4“Titratable acidity tended to be lower and both red color in ‘Delicious’ and yellow color in ‘Golden Delicious’ tended to be higher in fruit from trickle-irrigated trees than from sprinkled trees”
Claim · model-written summary
Red colour of Delicious apples tended to be higher in fruit from trickle-irrigated trees.
- Taxon
- applesMalus domesticae0
- Material
- Deliciouse4
- Treatment
- trickle-irrigated treese4
- Outcome
- red colore4
- Direction
- highere4
- Comparator
- sprinkled treese4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“apples ( Malus domestica Borkh.) on seedling rootstock were grown with trickle and sprinkler irrigation”
e4“Titratable acidity tended to be lower and both red color in ‘Delicious’ and yellow color in ‘Golden Delicious’ tended to be higher in fruit from trickle-irrigated trees than from sprinkled trees”
Claim · model-written summary
Yellow colour of Golden Delicious apples tended to be higher in fruit from trickle-irrigated trees.
- Taxon
- applesMalus domesticae0
- Material
- Golden Deliciouse4
- Treatment
- trickle-irrigated treese4
- Outcome
- yellow colore4
- Direction
- highere4
- Comparator
- sprinkled treese4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“apples ( Malus domestica Borkh.) on seedling rootstock were grown with trickle and sprinkler irrigation”
e4“Titratable acidity tended to be lower and both red color in ‘Delicious’ and yellow color in ‘Golden Delicious’ tended to be higher in fruit from trickle-irrigated trees than from sprinkled trees”
Claim · model-written summary
Firmness at harvest was similar regardless of irrigation procedure.
- Taxon
- applesMalus domesticae0
- Treatment
- irrigation proceduree5
- Outcome
- firmness at harveste5
- Direction
- similare5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“apples ( Malus domestica Borkh.) on seedling rootstock were grown with trickle and sprinkler irrigation”
e5“firmness at harvest was similar regardless of irrigation procedure”
Claim · model-written summary
Storage life was not consistently influenced by irrigation.
- Taxon
- applesMalus domesticae0
- Treatment
- irrigatione6
- Outcome
- Storage lifee6
- Direction
- not influencede6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“apples ( Malus domestica Borkh.) on seedling rootstock were grown with trickle and sprinkler irrigation”
e6“Storage life was not influenced consistently by irrigation”
Claim · model-written summary
Where differences occurred, fruit from trickle-irrigated trees was softer after storage.
- Taxon
- applesMalus domesticae0
- Treatment
- trickle-irrigated treese7
- Outcome
- softer after storagee7
- Direction
- softere7
- Qualifier
- Where differences did occure7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“apples ( Malus domestica Borkh.) on seedling rootstock were grown with trickle and sprinkler irrigation”
e7“Where differences did occur, the fruit from trickle-irrigated trees was softer after storage”
Claim · model-written summary
High-frequency deficit irrigation with sprinklers, imposing moisture deficits similar to trickle irrigation, produced fruit quality changes similar to those in trickle-irrigated trees.
- Taxon
- applesMalus domesticae0
- Treatment
- high frequency deficit irrigation with sprinklerse7
- Outcome
- changes in fruit qualitye7
- Direction
- similare7
- Qualifier
- as measured by leaf water potentiale7
- Comparator
- trickle-irrigated treese7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“apples ( Malus domestica Borkh.) on seedling rootstock were grown with trickle and sprinkler irrigation”
e7“Changes in fruit quality similar to those observed in trickle-irrigated trees were produced by imposing, through high frequency deficit irrigation with sprinklers, similar moisture deficits on apple trees, as measured by leaf water potential”
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