Abstract
Pittosporaceae is exculsively native to the Old World. There is only one genus, Pittosporum, with five species and a variety in Taiwan, They are found from lowland (P. tobira, P. pentandrum and P. moluccanum), through median (P. illicioides in part) to high altitudes (P. illicioides in part, P. illicioides var. angustifolium and P. daphniphylloides). Except for the cultivated P. pentandrum which will grow into small tree, most species of Formosan Pittosporum, including the wild P. pentandrum are small or large shrubs. They are all mesomorphic but more or less tend to be xeromorphic.Carlquist (1977) introduced vulnerability and mesomorphy ratios to indicate the reflection of vessel elements under various ecological conditions. In Pittosporaceae as a whole, both the vulnerability ratios and mesomorphy ratio of Formosan Pittosporum are low. All alpine species, have low values of the ratio of palisade tissue to intercellular space; only P. daphniphylloides has a thick cuticle. Thus, the low figures of both ratios may reflect adaptation to a form of physiological drought, caused by the winter frost. For the lowland species, the thicker cuticle, the low figures for both ratios, may be an adaptation to the high temperatures, sunny weather and long period of drought in summer.The study of anatomical characters of leaves and stems for Taiwan Pittosporum indicate that plants of the same species vary in anatomical characters when they grow in different environmental conditions, while different species, growing close together or under similar environments, have similar anatomical characters.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Pittosporum species occur across lowland, median and high altitudes in Taiwan.
- Taxon
- Pittosporum
Pittosporumt0 - Outcome
- found from lowlande0
- Setting
- Taiwane0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“There is only one genus, Pittosporum, with five species and a variety in Taiwan, They are found from lowland (P. tobira, P. pentandrum and P. moluccanum), through median (P. illicioides in part) to high altitudes (P. illicioides in part, P. illicioides var. angustifolium and P. daphniphylloides).”
t0“Pittosporum”
Claim · model-written summary
Most Formosan Pittosporum species are shrubs, while cultivated P. pentandrum can be a small tree.
Verbatim
e0“Except for the cultivated P. pentandrum which will grow into small tree, most species of Formosan Pittosporum, including the wild P. pentandrum are small or large shrubs.”
Claim · model-written summary
Formosan Pittosporum species are mesomorphic with some xeromorphic tendency.
- Taxon
- PittosporumPittosporumt0
- Outcome
- mesomorphic but more or less tend to be xeromorphice0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“They are all mesomorphic but more or less tend to be xeromorphic.”
t0“Pittosporum”
Claim · model-written summary
Formosan Pittosporum have low vulnerability and mesomorphy ratios.
Verbatim
e0“both the vulnerability ratios and mesomorphy ratio of Formosan Pittosporum are low.”
Claim · model-written summary
Alpine species have low palisade tissue to intercellular space ratios.
- Taxon
- PittosporumPittosporumt0
- Outcome
- ratio of palisade tissue to intercellular spacee0
- Direction
- lowe0
- Setting
- alpinee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“All alpine species, have low values of the ratio of palisade tissue to intercellular space”
t0“Pittosporum”
Claim · model-written summary
Only P. daphniphylloides has a thick cuticle among the alpine species.
- Taxon
- P. daphniphylloidesPittosporum daphniphylloidese0
- Outcome
- thick cuticlee0
Verbatim
e0“only P. daphniphylloides has a thick cuticle.”
Claim · model-written summary
Lowland species had thicker cuticles and low anatomical ratios.
- Taxon
- PittosporumPittosporumt0
- Outcome
- thicker cuticlee0
- Setting
- lowlande0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“For the lowland species, the thicker cuticle, the low figures for both ratios, may be an adaptation to the high temperatures, sunny weather and long period of drought in summer.”
t0“Pittosporum”
Claim · model-written summary
Within a Pittosporum species anatomical traits vary under different environments.
- Taxon
- PittosporumPittosporumt0
- Outcome
- anatomical characterse0
- Direction
- varye0
- Setting
- different environmental conditionse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“plants of the same species vary in anatomical characters when they grow in different environmental conditions”
t0“Pittosporum”
Claim · model-written summary
Different Pittosporum species in similar environments have similar anatomical traits.
- Taxon
- PittosporumPittosporumt0
- Outcome
- anatomical characterse0
- Direction
- similare0
- Setting
- similar environmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“different species, growing close together or under similar environments, have similar anatomical characters.”
t0“Pittosporum”