Abstract
In order to study antioxidant status and physiological responses of wheat to cycocel (CCC) and bio fertilizers application under water limitation condition, a factorial experiment was conducted based on randomized complete block design with three replications in 2015. Treatments included water limitation in three levels [normal irrigation (I1) as control; moderate water limitation (I2) or irrigation withholding at 50% of heading stage; severe water limitation (I3) or irrigation withholding at 50% of booting stage]; four bio fertilizer levels [(no bio fertilizer (F0), seed inoculation by Azotobacter chrocoocum strain 5 (F1), Pseudomonas putida strain 186 (F2), Azotobacter + Pseudomonas (F3))] and four CCC levels [(without CCC as control (C0), application of 400 (C1), 800 (C2) and 1200 (C3) mg/l)]. The results showed that water limitation decreased the chlorophyll-a, chlorophyll-b, total chlorophyll, carotenoid, stomata conductance, leaf area index (LAI) and relative water content of wheat, but activity of catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD), polyphenol oxidase (PPO) enzymes and proline content were increased. Similar results were observed in CAT, POD and PPO activities due to bio fertilizers and CCC application. Besides the water limitation effects, CCC-treated plants displayed a significant decrease in stomata conductance and LAI. Generally, it was concluded that the application of bio fertilizers and CCC can be a proper tool for increasing wheat yield under water limitation.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Water limitation reduced wheat chlorophyll-a, chlorophyll-b, total chlorophyll and carotenoid.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivume0 - Treatment
- water limitatione0
- Outcome
- chlorophyll-a, chlorophyll-b, total chlorophyll, carotenoide0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“water limitation decreased the chlorophyll-a, chlorophyll-b, total chlorophyll, carotenoid, stomata conductance, leaf area index (LAI) and relative water content of wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Water limitation reduced wheat stomatal conductance, leaf area index and relative water content.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- water limitatione0
- Outcome
- stomata conductance, leaf area index (LAI) and relative water contente0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“water limitation decreased the chlorophyll-a, chlorophyll-b, total chlorophyll, carotenoid, stomata conductance, leaf area index (LAI) and relative water content of wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Water limitation increased catalase, peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase activities in wheat.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- water limitatione1
- Outcome
- activity of catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD), polyphenol oxidase (PPO) enzymese0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“activity of catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD), polyphenol oxidase (PPO) enzymes and proline content were increased.”
e1“water limitation decreased the chlorophyll-a”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Water limitation increased wheat proline content.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- water limitatione1
- Outcome
- proline contente0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“activity of catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD), polyphenol oxidase (PPO) enzymes and proline content were increased.”
e1“water limitation decreased the chlorophyll-a”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Biofertilizer application increased CAT, POD and PPO activities similarly to water limitation.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- bio fertilizerse0
- Outcome
- CAT, POD and PPO activitiese0
- Direction
- increasede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Similar results were observed in CAT, POD and PPO activities due to bio fertilizers and CCC application.”
e1“activity of catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD), polyphenol oxidase (PPO) enzymes and proline content were increased.”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
CCC application increased CAT, POD and PPO activities similarly to water limitation.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- CCC applicatione0
- Outcome
- CAT, POD and PPO activitiese0
- Direction
- increasede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Similar results were observed in CAT, POD and PPO activities due to bio fertilizers and CCC application.”
e1“activity of catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD), polyphenol oxidase (PPO) enzymes and proline content were increased.”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
CCC-treated wheat showed significantly lower stomatal conductance and leaf area index.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- CCC-treatede0
- Outcome
- stomata conductance and LAIe0
- Direction
- decreasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“CCC-treated plants displayed a significant decrease in stomata conductance and LAI.”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend biofertilizer and CCC application for increasing wheat yield under water limitation.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- bio fertilizers and CCCe0
- Outcome
- increasing wheat yielde0
- Qualifier
- under water limitatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the application of bio fertilizers and CCC can be a proper tool for increasing wheat yield under water limitation.”
t0“wheat”
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