Abstract
BACKGROUND: The excessive use of fertilizers and pesticides has distorted soil composition, fertility and integrity with non-desirable environmental and ecological consequences. A strategy was designed to prepare a nano structured slow release fertilizer system that delivers nutrients and plant growth promoting rhizobacteria simultaneously. Slow release nano phosphate and potash fertilizer was prepared by blending the nano emulsion of fertilizer with neem cake and PGPR. Slow release nano phosphate and potash fertilizer was prepared by blending the nano emulsion of fertilizer with neem cake and PGPR. Few patents relevant to the topic have been reviewed and cited. METHODS: The influence of nano structured slow release fertilizer on the biochemical characteristics, soil and yield attributes of Vigna radiata was studied in the field by randomized block design. The treatments used to evaluate the effect of nano SRF were a control (without any fertilizer), neem cake, chemical fertilizer, PGPR and nano SRF. Germination, specific activity of enzymes, carbohydrates, protein, photosynthetic pigments, root nodule number and microbial population were assessed by standard methods. RESULTS: The size of the nano urea slow release fertilizer ranged from 52.41 nm to 69.86 nm, and the size of the phosphate and potash fertilizer ranged from 81.85 nm to 87 nm. The weights of 1000 grains were 31.8 g, 33.28 g, 33.39 g, 36.65 g and 44.90 g in the control, neem cake, chemical fertilizer, PGPR and nano SRF, respectively. The protein concentrations were 162 mg g-1 in the control, 231 mg g-1 in the neem cake, 192 mg g-1 in the chemical fertilizer, 285 mg g-1 in the PGPR and 336 mg g-1 in the nano SRF. Nano slow release fertilizer treatment has stimulated germination and biochemical characteristics in Vigna radiata that are positively reflected in the yield attributes.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
Nano urea fertilizer particles ranged from 52.41 to 69.86 nm.
- Taxon
- Vigna radiata
.jpg?width=60)
Vigna radiatat0 - Outcome
- size of the nano urea slow release fertilizere0
- Value
- 52.41 nm to 69.86 nme0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“The size of the nano urea slow release fertilizer ranged from 52.41 nm to 69.86 nm”
t0“Vigna radiata”
Claim · model-written summary
Nano phosphate and potash fertilizer particles ranged from 81.85 to 87 nm.
- Taxon
- Vigna radiataVigna radiatat0
- Outcome
- size of the phosphate and potash fertilizere0
- Value
- 81.85 nm to 87 nme0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the size of the phosphate and potash fertilizer ranged from 81.85 nm to 87 nm”
t0“Vigna radiata”
Claim · model-written summary
Control plants had 31.8 g thousand-grain weight.
- Taxon
- Vigna radiataVigna radiatat0
- Treatment
- controle0
- Outcome
- weights of 1000 grainse0
- Value
- 31.8 ge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The weights of 1000 grains were 31.8 g, 33.28 g, 33.39 g, 36.65 g and 44.90 g in the control, neem cake, chemical fertilizer, PGPR and nano SRF, respectively.”
t0“Vigna radiata”
Claim · model-written summary
Neem cake plants had 33.28 g thousand-grain weight.
- Taxon
- Vigna radiataVigna radiatat0
- Treatment
- neem cakee0
- Outcome
- weights of 1000 grainse0
- Value
- 33.28 ge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The weights of 1000 grains were 31.8 g, 33.28 g, 33.39 g, 36.65 g and 44.90 g in the control, neem cake, chemical fertilizer, PGPR and nano SRF, respectively.”
t0“Vigna radiata”
Claim · model-written summary
Chemical fertilizer plants had 33.39 g thousand-grain weight.
- Taxon
- Vigna radiataVigna radiatat0
- Treatment
- chemical fertilizere0
- Outcome
- weights of 1000 grainse0
- Value
- 33.39 ge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The weights of 1000 grains were 31.8 g, 33.28 g, 33.39 g, 36.65 g and 44.90 g in the control, neem cake, chemical fertilizer, PGPR and nano SRF, respectively.”
t0“Vigna radiata”
Claim · model-written summary
PGPR plants had 36.65 g thousand-grain weight.
- Taxon
- Vigna radiataVigna radiatat0
- Treatment
- PGPRe0
- Interactor
- PGPRe0symbiont
- Outcome
- weights of 1000 grainse0
- Value
- 36.65 ge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The weights of 1000 grains were 31.8 g, 33.28 g, 33.39 g, 36.65 g and 44.90 g in the control, neem cake, chemical fertilizer, PGPR and nano SRF, respectively.”
t0“Vigna radiata”
Claim · model-written summary
Nano SRF plants had 44.90 g thousand-grain weight.
- Taxon
- Vigna radiataVigna radiatat0
- Treatment
- nano SRFe0
- Outcome
- weights of 1000 grainse0
- Value
- 44.90 ge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The weights of 1000 grains were 31.8 g, 33.28 g, 33.39 g, 36.65 g and 44.90 g in the control, neem cake, chemical fertilizer, PGPR and nano SRF, respectively.”
t0“Vigna radiata”
Claim · model-written summary
Protein concentration was 162 mg g-1 in controls.
- Taxon
- Vigna radiataVigna radiatat0
- Treatment
- controle0
- Outcome
- protein concentrationse0
- Value
- 162 mg g-1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The protein concentrations were 162 mg g-1 in the control, 231 mg g-1 in the neem cake, 192 mg g-1 in the chemical fertilizer, 285 mg g-1 in the PGPR and 336 mg g-1 in the nano SRF.”
t0“Vigna radiata”
Claim · model-written summary
Protein concentration was 231 mg g-1 under neem cake.
- Taxon
- Vigna radiataVigna radiatat0
- Treatment
- neem cakee0
- Outcome
- protein concentrationse0
- Value
- 231 mg g-1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The protein concentrations were 162 mg g-1 in the control, 231 mg g-1 in the neem cake, 192 mg g-1 in the chemical fertilizer, 285 mg g-1 in the PGPR and 336 mg g-1 in the nano SRF.”
t0“Vigna radiata”
Claim · model-written summary
Protein concentration was 192 mg g-1 under chemical fertilizer.
- Taxon
- Vigna radiataVigna radiatat0
- Treatment
- chemical fertilizere0
- Outcome
- protein concentrationse0
- Value
- 192 mg g-1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The protein concentrations were 162 mg g-1 in the control, 231 mg g-1 in the neem cake, 192 mg g-1 in the chemical fertilizer, 285 mg g-1 in the PGPR and 336 mg g-1 in the nano SRF.”
t0“Vigna radiata”
Claim · model-written summary
Protein concentration was 285 mg g-1 under PGPR.
- Taxon
- Vigna radiataVigna radiatat0
- Treatment
- PGPRe0
- Interactor
- PGPRe0symbiont
- Outcome
- protein concentrationse0
- Value
- 285 mg g-1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The protein concentrations were 162 mg g-1 in the control, 231 mg g-1 in the neem cake, 192 mg g-1 in the chemical fertilizer, 285 mg g-1 in the PGPR and 336 mg g-1 in the nano SRF.”
t0“Vigna radiata”
Claim · model-written summary
Protein concentration was 336 mg g-1 under nano SRF.
- Taxon
- Vigna radiataVigna radiatat0
- Treatment
- nano SRFe0
- Outcome
- protein concentrationse0
- Value
- 336 mg g-1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The protein concentrations were 162 mg g-1 in the control, 231 mg g-1 in the neem cake, 192 mg g-1 in the chemical fertilizer, 285 mg g-1 in the PGPR and 336 mg g-1 in the nano SRF.”
t0“Vigna radiata”
Claim · model-written summary
Nano SRF stimulated germination and biochemical traits.
- Taxon
- Vigna radiataVigna radiatae0
- Treatment
- Nano slow release fertilizer treatmente0
- Outcome
- germination and biochemical characteristicse0
- Direction
- stimulatede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Nano slow release fertilizer treatment has stimulated germination and biochemical characteristics in Vigna radiata that are positively reflected in the yield attributes.”
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See all 145 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.