Abstract
The effects of thinning on tree biomass components of approximately 40-50 year-old shortleaf pine (Pinus echinata Mills.) stands on two sites in southeast Oklahoma were analyzed. These naturally regenerated stands were thinned during 1989-1990. Thinning treatments included unthinned control plots and plots thinned to 70%, 50%, and 30% of full stocking. Total tree and bole wood biomass in thinned plots were found to be converging towards their unthinned counterparts. For example, the thinning to 70% of full stocking treatment has already exceeded the biomass contained in its unthinned counterpart on site one in 16 years. However, heavily thinned stands may take much longer to converge. Foliage and bark biomass reduced with an increase of thinning intensity. The proportion of biomass partitioned to branches and bark was significantly affected by thinning. Unless heavily thinned, thinning treatments did not significantly affect the proportion of biomass allocation to bole. Although thinning seemed to reduce the total foliage biomass, it seemed that heavily thinned stands increase in terms of proportion of foliage to total biomass; however it was not statistically significant. Better site quality was associated with allocation of more biomass to bole wood and less to foliage.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Total tree and bole wood biomass in thinned plots converged toward unthinned plots.
Verbatim
e0“Total tree and bole wood biomass in thinned plots were found to be converging towards their unthinned counterparts.”
Claim · model-written summary
At site one, 70% stocking exceeded unthinned biomass after 16 years.
- Taxon
- Shortleaf Pine
Pinus echinatat0 - Treatment
- thinning to 70% of full stockinge0
- Outcome
- biomasse0
- Direction
- exceedede0
- Qualifier
- in 16 yearse0
- Comparator
- unthinned counterparte0
- Setting
- site onee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Shortleaf Pine”
e0“the thinning to 70% of full stocking treatment has already exceeded the biomass contained in its unthinned counterpart on site one in 16 years.”
Claim · model-written summary
Heavily thinned stands may take longer to converge in biomass.
- Taxon
- Shortleaf PinePinus echinatat0
- Treatment
- heavily thinnede0
- Outcome
- longer to convergee0
- Direction
- longere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Shortleaf Pine”
e0“heavily thinned stands may take much longer to converge.”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliage and bark biomass fell as thinning intensity rose.
- Taxon
- Shortleaf PinePinus echinatat0
- Treatment
- thinning intensitye0
- Outcome
- Foliage and bark biomasse0
- Direction
- reducede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Shortleaf Pine”
e0“Foliage and bark biomass reduced with an increase of thinning intensity.”
Claim · model-written summary
Thinning significantly affected the biomass proportions in branches and bark.
- Taxon
- Shortleaf PinePinus echinatat0
- Treatment
- thinninge0
- Outcome
- proportion of biomass partitioned to branches and barke0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Shortleaf Pine”
e0“The proportion of biomass partitioned to branches and bark was significantly affected by thinning.”
Claim · model-written summary
Except for heavy thinning, thinning did not significantly affect bole allocation proportion.
- Taxon
- Shortleaf PinePinus echinatat0
- Treatment
- thinning treatmentse0
- Outcome
- proportion of biomass allocation to bolee0
- Direction
- did not significantly affecte0
- Qualifier
- Unless heavily thinnede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Shortleaf Pine”
e0“Unless heavily thinned, thinning treatments did not significantly affect the proportion of biomass allocation to bole.”
Claim · model-written summary
Thinning appeared to reduce total foliage biomass.
- Taxon
- Shortleaf PinePinus echinatat0
- Treatment
- thinninge0
- Outcome
- total foliage biomasse0
- Direction
- reducee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Shortleaf Pine”
e0“thinning seemed to reduce the total foliage biomass”
Claim · model-written summary
Heavy thinning appeared to increase foliage fraction, without statistical significance.
- Taxon
- Shortleaf PinePinus echinatat0
- Treatment
- heavily thinnede0
- Outcome
- proportion of foliage to total biomasse0
- Direction
- increasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Shortleaf Pine”
e0“heavily thinned stands increase in terms of proportion of foliage to total biomass; however it was not statistically significant.”
Claim · model-written summary
Better sites allocated more biomass to bole wood.
- Taxon
- Shortleaf PinePinus echinatat0
- Outcome
- biomass to bole woode0
- Direction
- moree0
- Setting
- sitee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Shortleaf Pine”
e0“Better site quality was associated with allocation of more biomass to bole wood and less to foliage.”
Claim · model-written summary
Better sites allocated less biomass to foliage.
- Taxon
- Shortleaf PinePinus echinatat0
- Outcome
- foliagee0
- Direction
- lesse0
- Setting
- sitee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Shortleaf Pine”
e0“Better site quality was associated with allocation of more biomass to bole wood and less to foliage.”