Abstract
Associations between plants and nitrogen (N)-fixing rhizobia intensify with decreasing N supply and come at a carbon cost to the host. However, what additional impact parasitic plants have on their leguminous hosts' carbon budget in terms of effects on host physiology and growth is unknown. Under glasshouse conditions, Ulex europaeus and Acacia paradoxa either uninfected or infected with the hemiparasite Cassytha pubescens were supplied (high nitrogen (HN)) or not (low nitrogen (LN)) with extra N. The photosynthetic performance and growth of the association were measured. Cassytha pubescens significantly reduced the maximum electron transport rates and total biomass of U. europaeus but not those of A. paradoxa, regardless of N. Infection significantly decreased the root biomass of A. paradoxa only at LN, while the significant negative effect of infection on roots of U. europaeus was less severe at LN. Infection had a significant negative impact on host nodule biomass. Ulex europaeus supported significantly greater parasite biomass (also per unit host biomass) than A. paradoxa, regardless of N. We concluded that rhizobia do not influence the effect of a native parasite on overall growth of leguminous hosts. Our results suggest that C. pubescens will have a strong impact on U. europaeus but not A. paradoxa, regardless of N in the field.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Cassytha infection significantly reduced maximum electron transport rate in Ulex europaeus regardless of nitrogen.
- Taxon
- Ulex europaeus
Ulex europaeuse1 - Treatment
- infected with the hemiparasite Cassytha pubescense1
- Interactor
- Cassytha pubescens
Cassytha pubescense1parasite - Outcome
- maximum electron transport ratese0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Qualifier
- regardless of Ne0
- Comparator
- uninfectede1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cassytha pubescens significantly reduced the maximum electron transport rates and total biomass of U. europaeus but not those of A. paradoxa, regardless of N.”
e1“Ulex europaeus and Acacia paradoxa either uninfected or infected with the hemiparasite Cassytha pubescens”
Claim · model-written summary
Cassytha infection significantly reduced total biomass in Ulex europaeus regardless of nitrogen.
- Taxon
- Ulex europaeusUlex europaeuse1
- Treatment
- infected with the hemiparasite Cassytha pubescense1
- Interactor
- Cassytha pubescensCassytha pubescense1parasite
- Outcome
- total biomasse0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Comparator
- uninfectede1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cassytha pubescens significantly reduced the maximum electron transport rates and total biomass of U. europaeus but not those of A. paradoxa, regardless of N.”
e1“Ulex europaeus and Acacia paradoxa either uninfected or infected with the hemiparasite Cassytha pubescens”
Claim · model-written summary
Cassytha infection did not significantly reduce maximum electron transport rate or total biomass of Acacia paradoxa.
- Taxon
- Acacia paradoxa
.JPG?width=60)
Acacia paradoxae1 - Treatment
- infected with the hemiparasite Cassytha pubescense1
- Interactor
- Cassytha pubescensCassytha pubescense1parasite
- Outcome
- maximum electron transport rates and total biomasse0
- Comparator
- uninfectede1
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.JPG?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“Cassytha pubescens significantly reduced the maximum electron transport rates and total biomass of U. europaeus but not those of A. paradoxa, regardless of N.”
e1“Ulex europaeus and Acacia paradoxa either uninfected or infected with the hemiparasite Cassytha pubescens”
Claim · model-written summary
Infection decreased Acacia paradoxa root biomass only at low nitrogen.
- Taxon
- Acacia paradoxaAcacia paradoxae1
- Treatment
- infected with the hemiparasite Cassytha pubescense1
- Interactor
- Cassytha pubescensCassytha pubescense1parasite
- Outcome
- root biomasse0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Qualifier
- only at LNe0
- Comparator
- uninfectede1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Infection significantly decreased the root biomass of A. paradoxa only at LN”
e1“Ulex europaeus and Acacia paradoxa either uninfected or infected with the hemiparasite Cassytha pubescens”
Claim · model-written summary
The negative infection effect on Ulex europaeus roots was less severe at low nitrogen.
- Taxon
- Ulex europaeusUlex europaeuse1
- Treatment
- infected with the hemiparasite Cassytha pubescense1
- Interactor
- Cassytha pubescensCassytha pubescense1parasite
- Outcome
- roots of U. europaeuse0
- Direction
- less severee0
- Qualifier
- at LNe0
- Comparator
- uninfectede1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the significant negative effect of infection on roots of U. europaeus was less severe at LN”
e1“Ulex europaeus and Acacia paradoxa either uninfected or infected with the hemiparasite Cassytha pubescens”
Claim · model-written summary
Infection negatively affected host nodule biomass.
- Taxon
- Ulex europaeus and Acacia paradoxaUlex europaeusAcacia paradoxae1
- Treatment
- infected with the hemiparasite Cassytha pubescense1
- Interactor
- Cassytha pubescensCassytha pubescense1parasite
- Outcome
- host nodule biomasse0
- Direction
- negativee0
- Comparator
- uninfectede1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Infection had a significant negative impact on host nodule biomass.”
e1“Ulex europaeus and Acacia paradoxa either uninfected or infected with the hemiparasite Cassytha pubescens”
Claim · model-written summary
Ulex europaeus supported greater parasite biomass than Acacia paradoxa regardless of nitrogen.
- Taxon
- Ulex europaeusUlex europaeuse0
- Interactor
- Cassytha pubescensCassytha pubescense1parasite
- Outcome
- parasite biomasse0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Comparator
- A. paradoxae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Ulex europaeus supported significantly greater parasite biomass (also per unit host biomass) than A. paradoxa, regardless of N.”
e1“infected with the hemiparasite Cassytha pubescens”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors concluded rhizobia did not influence parasite effects on overall host growth.
- Taxon
- Ulex europaeus and Acacia paradoxaUlex europaeusAcacia paradoxae1
- Interactor
- rhizobiae0symbiont
- Outcome
- effect of a native parasite on overall growth of leguminous hostse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“rhizobia do not influence the effect of a native parasite on overall growth of leguminous hosts.”
e1“Ulex europaeus and Acacia paradoxa either uninfected or infected with the hemiparasite Cassytha pubescens”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors predict strong field impact of Cassytha on Ulex europaeus regardless of nitrogen.
- Taxon
- Ulex europaeusUlex europaeuse1
- Interactor
- Cassytha pubescensCassytha pubescense1parasite
- Outcome
- strong impact on U. europaeuse0
- Setting
- fielde0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“C. pubescens will have a strong impact on U. europaeus but not A. paradoxa, regardless of N in the field.”
e1“Ulex europaeus and Acacia paradoxa either uninfected or infected with the hemiparasite Cassytha pubescens”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors predict no strong field impact of Cassytha on Acacia paradoxa regardless of nitrogen.
- Taxon
- Acacia paradoxaAcacia paradoxae1
- Interactor
- Cassytha pubescensCassytha pubescense1parasite
- Outcome
- not A. paradoxae0
- Setting
- fielde0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“C. pubescens will have a strong impact on U. europaeus but not A. paradoxa, regardless of N in the field.”
e1“Ulex europaeus and Acacia paradoxa either uninfected or infected with the hemiparasite Cassytha pubescens”
The same questions in other papers
Cassytha pubescens · growth · Ulex europaeus (gorse)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- negative
- positive
Cassytha pubescens · physiology: photosynthesis · Ulex europaeus (gorse)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- negative
Cassytha pubescens · physiology: photosynthesis · Acacia paradoxaResults agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- no effect
infection · symbiosis · Ulex europaeus (gorse)Positive and negative results
1 in the opposite direction
- positive
infection · physiology: photosynthesis · Ulex europaeus (gorse)Positive and negative results
2 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
infection · symbiosis · Acacia paradoxaResults agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- negative
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.