Abstract
A planting to compare budded apple trees (M7a, Ml11) and tissue-culture-(TC) propagated trees was established in 1985. `Golden Delicious' and `Gala' trees were more productive than other cultivars and appeared better-suited to micropropagation. High cumulative yields per tree were harvested regardless of rootstock. `McIntosh', `Delicious', `Mutsu', and `MacSpur' trees were less precocious and more responsive to size-controlling rootstocks. To control tree size prior to bearing and minimize propagation time, trees were set as containerized transplants in a subsequent trial begun in 1986. Small containerized trees were set directly into the orchard. Setting trees in this manner has restricted tree size without delaying bearing. `Oregon Spur II' trees and `Empire' trees are now about 4 m tall. Trees have wide branch angles and numerous spurs. To further control tree size, trees were root-pruned with a Vermeer tree spade in 1991. In the year following, treated trees flowered profusely but did not fruit. Since then, cropping has controlled tree size. Ten years ex vitro `Granny Smith', `Oregon Spur II', and `Empire' trees can be managed without ladders. The goals of this study were: 1) to avoid “short life” problems and 2) develop a management scheme that would allow rapid entry of “bioengineered” cultivars into commercial orchards. Based on our research, selecting precocious cultivars or spur-type clones, in combination with transplanting 3 to 4 months ex vitro and root pruning show promise toward accomplishing these goals.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
Golden Delicious and Gala trees were more productive than other cultivars.
Verbatim
e0“`Golden Delicious' and `Gala' trees were more productive than other cultivars”
t0“Trees”
Claim · model-written summary
Golden Delicious and Gala appeared better suited to micropropagation.
Verbatim
e0“`Golden Delicious' and `Gala' trees were more productive than other cultivars and appeared better-suited to micropropagation”
t0“Trees”
Claim · model-written summary
Cumulative yield per tree was high regardless of rootstock.
Verbatim
e0“High cumulative yields per tree were harvested regardless of rootstock”
t0“Trees”
Claim · model-written summary
McIntosh, Delicious, Mutsu, and MacSpur were less precocious.
Verbatim
e0“`McIntosh', `Delicious', `Mutsu', and `MacSpur' trees were less precocious and more responsive to size-controlling rootstocks”
t0“Trees”
Claim · model-written summary
McIntosh, Delicious, Mutsu, and MacSpur responded more to size controlling rootstocks.
Verbatim
e0“`McIntosh', `Delicious', `Mutsu', and `MacSpur' trees were less precocious and more responsive to size-controlling rootstocks”
t0“Trees”
Claim · model-written summary
Direct orchard planting of small containerized trees restricted tree size without delaying bearing.
- Taxon
- Treest0
- Treatment
- Small containerized trees were set directly into the orcharde0
- Outcome
- tree sizee0
- Direction
- restrictede0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Small containerized trees were set directly into the orchard. Setting trees in this manner has restricted tree size without delaying bearing”
t0“Trees”
Claim · model-written summary
Oregon Spur II and Empire trees reached about 4 m tall.
Verbatim
e0“`Oregon Spur II' trees and `Empire' trees are now about 4 m tall”
t0“Trees”
Claim · model-written summary
Trees developed wide branch angles and numerous spurs.
Verbatim
e0“Trees have wide branch angles and numerous spurs”
Claim · model-written summary
Root-pruned trees flowered profusely the following year.
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Verbatim
e0“trees were root-pruned with a Vermeer tree spade in 1991. In the year following, treated trees flowered profusely but did not fruit”
t0“Trees”
Claim · model-written summary
Root-pruned trees did not fruit in the following year.
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Verbatim
e0“trees were root-pruned with a Vermeer tree spade in 1991. In the year following, treated trees flowered profusely but did not fruit”
t0“Trees”
Claim · model-written summary
Subsequent cropping controlled tree size.
Verbatim
e0“Since then, cropping has controlled tree size”
t0“Trees”
Claim · model-written summary
Ten-year ex vitro Granny Smith, Oregon Spur II, and Empire trees could be managed without ladders.
Verbatim
e0“Ten years ex vitro `Granny Smith', `Oregon Spur II', and `Empire' trees can be managed without ladders”
Claim · model-written summary
Precocious cultivars or spur clones combined with early transplanting and root pruning show promise for the orchard goals.
Verbatim
e0“selecting precocious cultivars or spur-type clones, in combination with transplanting 3 to 4 months ex vitro and root pruning show promise toward accomplishing these goals”
t0“Trees”