Abstract
Information is limited about phosphorus (P) fertilization effects on soybean seed composition. A field experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of P application rates on the concentrations of various fatty acids, protein, and oil in soybean under no-tillage on low and high testing P soils at Jackson and Milan, Tennessee from 2008 through 2011. Five P rates 0, 10, 20, 30, and 40 kg·P·ha-1 plus the recommended P fertilizer rate based on soil P testing results were arranged in a randomized complete block design with four replicates. Protein, oil, and fatty acid concentrations in seed responded differently to P fertilization. In general, protein concentrations were enhanced but oil levels decreased with increased P application rate. Palmitic and oleic concentrations responded positively to P application rate up to a certain level. However, the response of linolenic acid concentration was inconsistent (negative or positive). Stearic concentration was not influenced by P fertilization. Application of 10 kg·P·ha-1 resulted in higher production of protein and palmitic, oleic, and linolenic acids than zero P and the higher P application rates as well on the P deficient soil. Excessive P application rates could lower seed yield and the quality of some attributes in seed. In conclusion, linoleic acid concentration, a key quality attribute in soybean seed for human and animal consumption, can sometimes be enhanced by P fertilization; the indigenous soil P level and P application rate should be taken into account in breeding soybean cultivars with low linolenic acid level.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Protein concentration in soybean seed was enhanced with increased P application rate.
- Taxon
- soybean
Glycine maxe0 - Treatment
- increased P application ratee1
- Outcome
- protein concentrationse1
- Direction
- enhancede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Information is limited about phosphorus (P) fertilization effects on soybean seed composition”
e1“In general, protein concentrations were enhanced but oil levels decreased with increased P application rate”
Claim · model-written summary
Oil level in soybean seed decreased with increased P application rate.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- increased P application ratee1
- Outcome
- oil levelse1
- Direction
- decreasede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Information is limited about phosphorus (P) fertilization effects on soybean seed composition”
e1“In general, protein concentrations were enhanced but oil levels decreased with increased P application rate”
Claim · model-written summary
Palmitic and oleic acid concentrations responded positively to P application rate up to a certain level.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- P application ratee2
- Outcome
- Palmitic and oleic concentrationse2
- Direction
- responded positivelye2
- Qualifier
- up to a certain levele2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Information is limited about phosphorus (P) fertilization effects on soybean seed composition”
e2“Palmitic and oleic concentrations responded positively to P application rate up to a certain level”
Claim · model-written summary
Linolenic acid concentration responded inconsistently (negative or positive) to P fertilization.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- phosphorus (P) fertilizatione0
- Outcome
- linolenic acid concentratione3
- Direction
- inconsistente3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Information is limited about phosphorus (P) fertilization effects on soybean seed composition”
e3“the response of linolenic acid concentration was inconsistent (negative or positive)”
Claim · model-written summary
Stearic acid concentration was not influenced by P fertilization.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- P fertilizatione4
- Outcome
- Stearic concentratione4
- Direction
- not influencede4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Information is limited about phosphorus (P) fertilization effects on soybean seed composition”
e4“Stearic concentration was not influenced by P fertilization”
Claim · model-written summary
Application of 10 kg·P·ha-1 gave higher seed protein than zero P and the higher P application rates on P deficient soil.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- Application of 10 kg·P·ha-1e5
- Outcome
- proteine5
- Direction
- highere5
- Qualifier
- on the P deficient soile5
- Comparator
- zero Pe5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Information is limited about phosphorus (P) fertilization effects on soybean seed composition”
e5“Application of 10 kg·P·ha-1 resulted in higher production of protein and palmitic, oleic, and linolenic acids than zero P and the higher P application rates as well on the P deficient soil”
Claim · model-written summary
Application of 10 kg·P·ha-1 gave higher palmitic, oleic and linolenic acid concentrations than zero P and the higher P application rates on P deficient soil.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- Application of 10 kg·P·ha-1e5
- Outcome
- palmitic, oleic, and linolenic acidse5
- Direction
- highere5
- Qualifier
- on the P deficient soile5
- Comparator
- zero Pe5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Information is limited about phosphorus (P) fertilization effects on soybean seed composition”
e5“Application of 10 kg·P·ha-1 resulted in higher production of protein and palmitic, oleic, and linolenic acids than zero P and the higher P application rates as well on the P deficient soil”
Claim · model-written summary
Excessive P application rates could lower seed yield and the quality of some seed attributes.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- Excessive P application ratese6
- Outcome
- seed yield and the quality of some attributese6
- Direction
- lowere6
- Qualifier
- coulde6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Information is limited about phosphorus (P) fertilization effects on soybean seed composition”
e6“Excessive P application rates could lower seed yield and the quality of some attributes in seed”
Claim · model-written summary
Linoleic acid concentration in soybean seed can sometimes be enhanced by P fertilization.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- P fertilizatione7
- Outcome
- linoleic acid concentratione7
- Direction
- enhancede7
- Qualifier
- sometimese7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Information is limited about phosphorus (P) fertilization effects on soybean seed composition”
e7“linoleic acid concentration, a key quality attribute in soybean seed for human and animal consumption, can sometimes be enhanced by P fertilization”
Claim · model-written summary
The indigenous soil P level and P application rate should be considered in breeding soybean cultivars with low linolenic acid.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe1
- Outcome
- breeding soybean cultivars with low linolenic acid levele1
- Qualifier
- the indigenous soil P level and P application rate should be taken into accounte1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“the indigenous soil P level and P application rate should be taken into account in breeding soybean cultivars with low linolenic acid level”
The same questions in other papers
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See all 87 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.