Abstract
In organic cropping systems cover crops have the potential to develop into a crucial factor of an ecological weed management strategy. To determine the effects of various cover crop species and their residues on the weed suppression and agronomic performance of composite cross populations (CCPs) of maize (Zea mays L.), the field experiment was set up under suboptimal climatic conditions in the period from September 2011 to October 2012. The following three cover crop types were grown between cash crop: (1) Brassica juncea (L.) Czern. cv. ISCI 20; (2) Vicia villosa Roth cv. Latigo; and (3) a mix of seven cover crop species (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench, Lupinus albus L., Phacelia tanacetifolia Benth., Pisum sativum L., Trifolium alexandrinum L., Trifolium incarnatum L. and V. villosa). The results obtained were compared with no-cover crop plots and two maize hybrids, conventional and organic. V. villosa in pure stand was the most productive and stable cover crop (509,43 gm-2), with the highest weed suppressive effect (63,24% weed reduction). Consequently as a leguminous species, residues of V. villosa significantly increased development and growth of the maize cultivars (2,102 tha-1) compared to the control plots (1,85 tha-1). The lowest weed suppression effect (only 23% weed reduction) and total maize biomass production (1,42 tha-1) was observed under Mix 7 treatment, as a result of poor establishment and adaptation of that cover crop type (188,75 gm-2). Multiple comparisons of the different maize cultivars showed that CCPs and organic hybrid achieved similar dry grain production value, while the conventional hybrid had the best agronomic performance. The whole-grain analysis indicated that the choice of cultivar and not the green manure treatment, had the high significance on the quality of the final product. These findings showed that weed suppression and green manure effects of the cover crops under abiotic stress conditions are greatly influenced by individual species adaptation, agronomic management and within system compatibility of the subsequent maize genotype.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
V. villosa was the most productive and stable cover crop at 509,43 gm-2.
- Taxon
- V. villosa
Vicia villosae0 - Outcome
- most productive and stable cover crope0
- Direction
- most productivee0
- Value
- 509,43 gm-2e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“V. villosa in pure stand was the most productive and stable cover crop (509,43 gm-2)”
Claim · model-written summary
V. villosa had the highest weed suppression, with 63,24% weed reduction.
- Treatment
- V. villosae0
- Interactor
- V. villosaVicia villosae0weed
- Outcome
- weed suppressive effecte0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 63,24% weed reductione0
Zea maysOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“V. villosa in pure stand was the most productive and stable cover crop (509,43 gm-2), with the highest weed suppressive effect (63,24% weed reduction)”
e1“maize (Zea mays L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
V. villosa residues significantly increased maize development and growth to 2,102 tha-1 versus 1,85 tha-1 in controls.
- Treatment
- residues of V. villosae0
- Outcome
- development and growthe0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 2,102 tha-1e0
- Qualifier
- 1,85 tha-1e0
- Comparator
- control plotse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“residues of V. villosa significantly increased development and growth of the maize cultivars (2,102 tha-1) compared to the control plots (1,85 tha-1)”
Claim · model-written summary
Mix 7 gave the lowest weed suppression, only 23% weed reduction.
- Treatment
- Mix 7 treatmente0
- Outcome
- weed suppression effecte0
- Direction
- loweste0
- Value
- 23% weed reductione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The lowest weed suppression effect (only 23% weed reduction) and total maize biomass production (1,42 tha-1) was observed under Mix 7 treatment”
e1“maize (Zea mays L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Mix 7 gave the lowest total maize biomass production, 1,42 tha-1.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The lowest weed suppression effect (only 23% weed reduction) and total maize biomass production (1,42 tha-1) was observed under Mix 7 treatment”
Claim · model-written summary
Mix 7 established and adapted poorly, with cover crop production of 188,75 gm-2.
Verbatim
e0“poor establishment and adaptation of that cover crop type (188,75 gm-2)”
e1“a mix of seven cover crop species”
Claim · model-written summary
CCPs and the organic hybrid had similar dry grain production.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“CCPs and organic hybrid achieved similar dry grain production value”
e1“maize (Zea mays L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
The conventional hybrid had the best agronomic performance.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the conventional hybrid had the best agronomic performance”
e1“maize (Zea mays L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Cultivar choice, rather than green manure, significantly affected whole grain quality.
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the choice of cultivar and not the green manure treatment, had the high significance on the quality of the final product”
e1“maize (Zea mays L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Species adaptation, management and maize genotype compatibility influenced cover crop weed suppression and green manure effects under abiotic stress.
- Material
- maize genotypee0
- Outcome
- weed suppression and green manure effectse0
- Qualifier
- under abiotic stress conditionse0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“weed suppression and green manure effects of the cover crops under abiotic stress conditions are greatly influenced by individual species adaptation, agronomic management and within system compatibility of the subsequent maize genotype”
The same questions in other papers
Vicia villosa · growth · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results
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See all 12 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.