Abstract
The Arabidopsis thaliana npq1 mutant lacks violaxanthin de-epoxidase, an enzyme responsible for the conversion of violaxanthin to zeaxanthin in high light. Zeaxanthin is one of the requirements for nonphotochemical quenching, mechanisms that dissipate excess light energy harmlessly as heat. The npq1 mutant is more sensitive to photoinhibition and lipid peroxidation than the wild type when transferred from low light (LL) to high light (HL), but it is able to survive in HL. To investigate the role of antioxidant metabolism in acclimation of npq1 to HL, a vitamin C-deficient mutant, vtc2, was crossed to the npq1 mutant to produce the vtc2npq1 double mutant. Upon transfer from LL to HL, the vtc2npq1 double mutant showed obvious bleaching after only one day in HL. Bleaching occurred more slowly in the vtc2 mutant, and the npq1 mutant and wild type did not exhibit any obvious bleaching during the entire experiment (five days). The bleaching in vtc2npq1 and vtc2 was paralleled by an increase in lipid peroxidation and a drastic decrease in Fv/Fm, a fluorescence parameter used to estimate photoinhibition. All genotypes showed a progressive increase in alpha-tocopherol levels and xanthophyll cycle pool size. These results indicate that vitamin C is important for acclimation of wild-type and especially npq1 mutant plants to HL.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
The npq1 mutant lacked violaxanthin de-epoxidase.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thaliana
Arabidopsis thalianae0 - Material
- npq1 mutante0
- Gene
- violaxanthin de-epoxidasee0
- Outcome
- lacks violaxanthin de-epoxidasee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The Arabidopsis thaliana npq1 mutant lacks violaxanthin de-epoxidase”
Claim · model-written summary
After transfer from low to high light, npq1 was more sensitive to photoinhibition than wild type.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianat0
- Material
- npq1 mutante0
- Treatment
- high light (HL)e0
- Outcome
- photoinhibitione0
- Direction
- more sensitivee0
- Comparator
- wild typee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The npq1 mutant is more sensitive to photoinhibition and lipid peroxidation than the wild type when transferred from low light (LL) to high light (HL)”
t0“Arabidopsis thaliana”
Claim · model-written summary
After transfer to high light, npq1 was more sensitive to lipid peroxidation than wild type.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianat0
- Material
- npq1 mutante0
- Treatment
- high light (HL)e0
- Outcome
- lipid peroxidatione0
- Direction
- more sensitivee0
- Comparator
- wild typee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The npq1 mutant is more sensitive to photoinhibition and lipid peroxidation than the wild type when transferred from low light (LL) to high light (HL)”
t0“Arabidopsis thaliana”
Claim · model-written summary
The npq1 mutant survived high light.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianat0
- Material
- npq1 mutante0
- Outcome
- survive in HLe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The npq1 mutant is more sensitive to photoinhibition and lipid peroxidation than the wild type when transferred from low light (LL) to high light (HL), but it is able to survive in HL.”
t0“Arabidopsis thaliana”
Claim · model-written summary
The vtc2npq1 double mutant bleached after one day of high light.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianat0
- Material
- vtc2npq1 double mutante0
- Treatment
- HLe0
- Outcome
- obvious bleachinge0
- Qualifier
- after only one day in HLe0
- Comparator
- LLe0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Upon transfer from LL to HL, the vtc2npq1 double mutant showed obvious bleaching after only one day in HL.”
t0“Arabidopsis thaliana”
Claim · model-written summary
Bleaching in vtc2 occurred more slowly than in the double mutant.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianat0
- Material
- vtc2 mutante0
- Outcome
- Bleachinge0
- Direction
- more slowlye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Bleaching occurred more slowly in the vtc2 mutant”
t0“Arabidopsis thaliana”
Claim · model-written summary
Neither npq1 nor wild type showed obvious bleaching over five days.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianat0
- Material
- npq1 mutante0
- Outcome
- obvious bleachinge0
- Direction
- did not exhibite0
- Qualifier
- five dayse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the npq1 mutant and wild type did not exhibit any obvious bleaching during the entire experiment (five days).”
t0“Arabidopsis thaliana”
Claim · model-written summary
Bleaching mutants showed increased lipid peroxidation.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianat0
- Material
- vtc2npq1 and vtc2e0
- Outcome
- lipid peroxidatione0
- Direction
- increasee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The bleaching in vtc2npq1 and vtc2 was paralleled by an increase in lipid peroxidation”
t0“Arabidopsis thaliana”
Claim · model-written summary
Bleaching mutants showed a drastic decrease in Fv/Fm.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianat0
- Material
- vtc2npq1 and vtc2e0
- Outcome
- Fv/Fme0
- Direction
- decreasee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The bleaching in vtc2npq1 and vtc2 was paralleled by an increase in lipid peroxidation and a drastic decrease in Fv/Fm”
t0“Arabidopsis thaliana”
Claim · model-written summary
All genotypes progressively increased alpha-tocopherol levels.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianat0
- Outcome
- alpha-tocopherol levelse0
- Direction
- increasee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“All genotypes showed a progressive increase in alpha-tocopherol levels”
t0“Arabidopsis thaliana”
Claim · model-written summary
All genotypes progressively increased xanthophyll cycle pool size.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianat0
- Outcome
- xanthophyll cycle pool sizee0
- Direction
- increasee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“All genotypes showed a progressive increase in alpha-tocopherol levels and xanthophyll cycle pool size.”
t0“Arabidopsis thaliana”