Abstract
摘要： 针对内蒙古平原灌区春玉米高产(15 t hm-2以上)群体产量进一步提高难度大，产量挖潜途径不明确的问题，采用产量构成因素分析与产量性能参数分析相互验证的方法，在4年52点次高产(15 t hm-2以上)群体产量构成因素分析的基础上，设计不同品种密度试验，研究增密对不同品种群体产量性能的影响，明确不同类型玉米品种的增产途径和栽培调控的主攻方向。结果表明，穗数和穗粒数是决定高产(15 t hm-2以上)群体产量的主要因素。实现15 t hm-2以上群体的产量结构为：穗数(7.08~9.60)×104穗，穗粒数477~654粒，千粒重324.7~388.7 g，穗粒重168.9~234.0 g。其合理群体结构衡量指标是LAImax在6.5以上，平均LAI在5左右，收获期LAI在3.5以上。高秆大穗型品种理想的产量结构是：67 500~75 000穗 hm-2，每穗610~640粒，千粒重380 g左右，单穗粒重220~240 g，产量大于15 t hm-2；株高适中的中小穗型品种，理想产量结构是： 75 000~97 500穗 hm-2，每穗520~600粒，千粒重340~355 g，单穗粒重180~220 g，产量在16.5 t hm-2以上。密度增加促进平均作物生长率(MCGR)和单位面积总籽粒数(TGN)的增加进而提高产量，但增密后平均净同化率(MNAR)降低导致穗粒数显著降低并限制了TGN的提高潜力。通过增密为主的结构性挖潜，使得群体功能的增益大于个体生产性能的降低，实现高产(15 t hm-2以上)，属于“得失性补偿增产”；在优化群体结构的基础上，提高个体生产能力，突破个体库容降低的限制，进行功能性挖潜，实现群体结构和个体功能协同增益的“差异性补偿增产”，是产量进一步提高的重要途径。
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Claims 16
Claim · model-written summary
Ear number and grains per ear are the main factors determining population yield above 15 t per hm2 in high-yield spring maize.
- Outcome
- 穗数和穗粒数是决定高产(15 t hm-2以上)群体产量的主要因素e0
Zea maysOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Spring Maize”
e0“穗数和穗粒数是决定高产(15 t hm-2以上)群体产量的主要因素”
Claim · model-written summary
The yield structure for populations above 15 t per hm2 has an ear number of (7.08-9.60)x10^4 ears.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Spring Maize”
e0“穗数(7.08~9.60)×104穗”
Claim · model-written summary
The yield structure for populations above 15 t per hm2 has 477-654 grains per ear.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Spring Maize”
e0“穗粒数477~654粒”
Claim · model-written summary
The yield structure for populations above 15 t per hm2 has a thousand-grain weight of 324.7-388.7 g.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Spring Maize”
e0“千粒重324.7~388.7 g”
Claim · model-written summary
The yield structure for populations above 15 t per hm2 has a grain weight per ear of 168.9-234.0 g.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Spring Maize”
e0“穗粒重168.9~234.0 g”
Claim · model-written summary
A reasonable population structure has LAImax above 6.5.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Spring Maize”
e0“LAImax在6.5以上”
Claim · model-written summary
A reasonable population structure has mean LAI of about 5.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Spring Maize”
e0“平均LAI在5左右”
Claim · model-written summary
A reasonable population structure has LAI at harvest above 3.5.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Spring Maize”
e0“收获期LAI在3.5以上”
Claim · model-written summary
The ideal yield structure for tall large-ear cultivars is 67,500-75,000 ears per hm2, 610-640 grains per ear, thousand-grain weight about 380 g, 220-240 g grain weight per ear and yield above 15 t per hm2.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Spring Maize”
e0“高秆大穗型品种理想的产量结构是：67 500~75 000穗 hm-2，每穗610~640粒，千粒重380 g左右，单穗粒重220~240 g，产量大于15 t hm-2”
Claim · model-written summary
The ideal yield structure for medium-height small-to-medium-ear cultivars is 75,000-97,500 ears per hm2, 520-600 grains per ear, thousand-grain weight 340-355 g, 180-220 g grain weight per ear and yield above 16.5 t per hm2.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Spring Maize”
e0“株高适中的中小穗型品种，理想产量结构是： 75 000~97 500穗 hm-2，每穗520~600粒，千粒重340~355 g，单穗粒重180~220 g，产量在16.5 t hm-2以上”
Claim · model-written summary
Increased planting density increased mean crop growth rate and total grain number per unit area.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Spring Maize”
e0“密度增加促进平均作物生长率(MCGR)和单位面积总籽粒数(TGN)的增加”
Claim · model-written summary
Increased planting density thereby raised yield.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Spring Maize”
e0“密度增加促进平均作物生长率(MCGR)和单位面积总籽粒数(TGN)的增加进而提高产量”
Claim · model-written summary
After densification, mean net assimilation rate (MNAR) decreased.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Spring Maize”
e0“增密后平均净同化率(MNAR)降低”
Claim · model-written summary
The decrease in MNAR after densification is attributed as the cause of a significant decrease in grains per ear.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Spring Maize”
e0“增密后平均净同化率(MNAR)降低导致穗粒数显著降低”
Claim · model-written summary
Structural potential tapping mainly through densification, where population gains exceed the loss in individual performance, achieves high yield above 15 t per hm2 (gain-loss compensation yield increase).
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Spring Maize”
e0“通过增密为主的结构性挖潜，使得群体功能的增益大于个体生产性能的降低，实现高产(15 t hm-2以上)”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors identify functional potential tapping, giving combined gain in population structure and individual function (differential compensation yield increase), as an important route to further raise yield.
- Outcome
- 产量进一步提高的重要途径e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Spring Maize”
e0“进行功能性挖潜，实现群体结构和个体功能协同增益的“差异性补偿增产”，是产量进一步提高的重要途径”