Abstract
There has been renewed interest in using fluridone herbicide to aid in control of glyphosateresistant Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri S. Watson) in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.). Section 18 Emergency Use Exemptions for fluridone in cotton have been granted recently in several states and the manufacturer is pursuing federal registration. Fluridone has long persistence in soil, leading to questions about rotational crop response. Field experiments were conducted in North Carolina to evaluate the potential for fluridone to carry over to corn (Zea mays L.), peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.), grain sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench.], and soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] grown in rotation with fluridone-treated cotton. Fluridone at 0, 280, 420, 560, 840, and 1120 g ai ha -1 was applied preemergence to cotton and rotational crops were planted the following spring. The fluridone rates were well above proposed use rates. Only minor visible injury to cotton was observed and cotton yield was unaffected by fluridone. Fluridone also caused only minor visible injury to rotational crops and did not affect stands, early season height, or yield of rotational crops.
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The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Fluridone caused only minor visible injury to cotton.
- Taxon
- cotton
Gossypium hirsutume0 - Treatment
- Fluridonee1
- Outcome
- visible injury to cottone0
- Qualifier
- minore0
- Comparator
- 0e1
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Only minor visible injury to cotton was observed”
e1“Fluridone at 0, 280, 420, 560, 840, and 1120 g ai ha -1 was applied preemergence to cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
Cotton yield was unaffected by fluridone.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume0
- Treatment
- fluridonee0
- Outcome
- cotton yielde0
- Direction
- unaffectede0
- Comparator
- 0e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“cotton yield was unaffected by fluridone.”
e1“Fluridone at 0, 280, 420, 560, 840, and 1120 g ai ha -1 was applied preemergence to cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
Fluridone carryover caused only minor visible injury to corn.
- Taxon
- corn
Zea mays subsp. mayse1 - Treatment
- Fluridonee0
- Outcome
- visible injury to rotational cropse0
- Qualifier
- minore0
- Comparator
- 0e2
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Fluridone also caused only minor visible injury to rotational crops”
e1“corn (Zea mays L.), peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.), grain sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench.], and soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] grown in rotation with fluridone-treated cotton”
e2“Fluridone at 0, 280, 420, 560, 840, and 1120 g ai ha -1”
Claim · model-written summary
Fluridone carryover caused only minor visible injury to peanut.
- Taxon
- peanut
Arachis hypogaeae1 - Treatment
- Fluridonee0
- Outcome
- visible injury to rotational cropse0
- Qualifier
- minore0
- Comparator
- 0e2
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Fluridone also caused only minor visible injury to rotational crops”
e1“peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.)”
e2“Fluridone at 0, 280, 420, 560, 840, and 1120 g ai ha -1”
Claim · model-written summary
Fluridone carryover caused only minor visible injury to grain sorghum.
- Taxon
- grain sorghum
Sorghum bicolore1 - Treatment
- Fluridonee0
- Outcome
- visible injury to rotational cropse0
- Qualifier
- minore0
- Comparator
- 0e2
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Fluridone also caused only minor visible injury to rotational crops”
e1“grain sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench.]”
e2“Fluridone at 0, 280, 420, 560, 840, and 1120 g ai ha -1”
Claim · model-written summary
Fluridone carryover caused only minor visible injury to soybean.
- Taxon
- soybean
Glycine maxe1 - Treatment
- Fluridonee0
- Outcome
- visible injury to rotational cropse0
- Qualifier
- minore0
- Comparator
- 0e2
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Fluridone also caused only minor visible injury to rotational crops”
e1“soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.]”
e2“Fluridone at 0, 280, 420, 560, 840, and 1120 g ai ha -1”
Claim · model-written summary
Fluridone carryover did not affect rotational crop stands, early height or yield.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse1
- Treatment
- Fluridonee2
- Outcome
- stands, early season height, or yield of rotational cropse0
- Direction
- did not affecte0
- Qualifier
- rotational cropse0
- Comparator
- 0e2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“did not affect stands, early season height, or yield of rotational crops.”
e1“corn (Zea mays L.), peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.), grain sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench.], and soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.]”
e2“Fluridone at 0, 280, 420, 560, 840, and 1120 g ai ha -1”
The same questions in other papers
Fluridone · yield · Gossypium hirsutum (cotton)Results differ
2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 reporting no difference from an alternative
- positive
- positive
- no effect
1 paper more in this group
See all 5 papers →Fluridone · crop injury · Zea mays (maize)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- negative
Fluridone · crop injury · Arachis hypogaea (peanut)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- negative
Fluridone · crop injury · Sorghum bicolor (sorghum)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- negative
- negative
Fluridone · crop injury · Gossypium hirsutum (cotton)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- negative
- negative
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.