Abstract
The present study was carried out during 2012 and 2013 seasons to study the effect of pre-harvest foliar application of chitosan (a natural beta-1-4-linked glucosamine polymer) at two concentrations 250 and 500 ppm on vegetative tree growth, fruit yield and quality as well as leaves chemical composition of Washington navel orange trees grown under two locations. As for growth parameters (shoot length, leaves number, and leaves area), the results revealed that chitosan treatments had insignificant effect. Meanwhile, it had a significant improvement on most of the studied fruit characters and leaf chemical constituents, that is, pigments, sugars, total soluble phenols, total free amino acids, endogenous plant hormones “IAA, ABA and GA3” as well as leaf nutritional status “N, P, K, Zn, Ca, B and Si”. Generally, pre-harvest chitosan applications mostly had pronounced positive effects on improving navel orange quality, that is, fruit weight, firmness and T.S.S.%, especially at the rate 500 ppm. Key words: Citrus, chitosan, growth characters, fruit quality, total chlorophyll, sugar, total soluble sugar (TSS).
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Chitosan treatments had an insignificant effect on growth parameters (shoot length, leaf number and leaf area) of navel orange trees.
- Taxon
- Washington navel orange treese0
- Treatment
- pre-harvest foliar application of chitosane0
- Outcome
- growth parameters (shoot length, leaves number, and leaves area)e1
- Direction
- insignificant effecte1
- Setting
- two locationse0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“The present study was carried out during 2012 and 2013 seasons to study the effect of pre-harvest foliar application of chitosan (a natural beta-1-4-linked glucosamine polymer) at two concentrations 250 and 500 ppm on vegetative tree growth, fruit yield and quality as well as leaves chemical composition of Washington navel orange trees grown under two locations”
e1“As for growth parameters (shoot length, leaves number, and leaves area), the results revealed that chitosan treatments had insignificant effect”
Claim · model-written summary
Pre-harvest chitosan significantly improved most of the studied fruit characters.
- Taxon
- Washington navel orange treese0
- Treatment
- pre-harvest foliar application of chitosane0
- Outcome
- fruit characterse2
- Direction
- significant improvemente2
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“The present study was carried out during 2012 and 2013 seasons to study the effect of pre-harvest foliar application of chitosan (a natural beta-1-4-linked glucosamine polymer) at two concentrations 250 and 500 ppm on vegetative tree growth, fruit yield and quality as well as leaves chemical composition of Washington navel orange trees grown under two locations”
e2“Meanwhile, it had a significant improvement on most of the studied fruit characters and leaf chemical constituents, that is, pigments, sugars, total soluble phenols, total free amino acids, endogenous plant hormones “IAA, ABA and GA3” as well as leaf nutritional status “N, P, K, Zn, Ca, B and Si””
Claim · model-written summary
Pre-harvest chitosan significantly improved pigments, sugars and total soluble phenols in navel orange leaves.
- Taxon
- Washington navel orange treese0
- Treatment
- pre-harvest foliar application of chitosane0
- Outcome
- pigments, sugars, total soluble phenolse2
- Direction
- significant improvemente2
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“The present study was carried out during 2012 and 2013 seasons to study the effect of pre-harvest foliar application of chitosan (a natural beta-1-4-linked glucosamine polymer) at two concentrations 250 and 500 ppm on vegetative tree growth, fruit yield and quality as well as leaves chemical composition of Washington navel orange trees grown under two locations”
e2“Meanwhile, it had a significant improvement on most of the studied fruit characters and leaf chemical constituents, that is, pigments, sugars, total soluble phenols, total free amino acids, endogenous plant hormones “IAA, ABA and GA3” as well as leaf nutritional status “N, P, K, Zn, Ca, B and Si””
Claim · model-written summary
Pre-harvest chitosan significantly improved total free amino acids in navel orange leaves.
- Taxon
- Washington navel orange treese0
- Treatment
- pre-harvest foliar application of chitosane0
- Outcome
- total free amino acidse2
- Direction
- significant improvemente2
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“The present study was carried out during 2012 and 2013 seasons to study the effect of pre-harvest foliar application of chitosan (a natural beta-1-4-linked glucosamine polymer) at two concentrations 250 and 500 ppm on vegetative tree growth, fruit yield and quality as well as leaves chemical composition of Washington navel orange trees grown under two locations”
e2“Meanwhile, it had a significant improvement on most of the studied fruit characters and leaf chemical constituents, that is, pigments, sugars, total soluble phenols, total free amino acids, endogenous plant hormones “IAA, ABA and GA3” as well as leaf nutritional status “N, P, K, Zn, Ca, B and Si””
Claim · model-written summary
Pre-harvest chitosan significantly improved endogenous IAA, ABA and GA3 in navel orange leaves.
- Taxon
- Washington navel orange treese0
- Treatment
- pre-harvest foliar application of chitosane0
- Outcome
- IAA, ABA and GA3e2
- Direction
- significant improvemente2
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“The present study was carried out during 2012 and 2013 seasons to study the effect of pre-harvest foliar application of chitosan (a natural beta-1-4-linked glucosamine polymer) at two concentrations 250 and 500 ppm on vegetative tree growth, fruit yield and quality as well as leaves chemical composition of Washington navel orange trees grown under two locations”
e2“Meanwhile, it had a significant improvement on most of the studied fruit characters and leaf chemical constituents, that is, pigments, sugars, total soluble phenols, total free amino acids, endogenous plant hormones “IAA, ABA and GA3” as well as leaf nutritional status “N, P, K, Zn, Ca, B and Si””
Claim · model-written summary
Pre-harvest chitosan significantly improved leaf N, P and K status in navel orange.
- Taxon
- Washington navel orange treese0
- Treatment
- pre-harvest foliar application of chitosane0
- Outcome
- N, P, Ke2
- Direction
- significant improvemente2
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“The present study was carried out during 2012 and 2013 seasons to study the effect of pre-harvest foliar application of chitosan (a natural beta-1-4-linked glucosamine polymer) at two concentrations 250 and 500 ppm on vegetative tree growth, fruit yield and quality as well as leaves chemical composition of Washington navel orange trees grown under two locations”
e2“Meanwhile, it had a significant improvement on most of the studied fruit characters and leaf chemical constituents, that is, pigments, sugars, total soluble phenols, total free amino acids, endogenous plant hormones “IAA, ABA and GA3” as well as leaf nutritional status “N, P, K, Zn, Ca, B and Si””
Claim · model-written summary
Pre-harvest chitosan significantly improved leaf Zn, Ca and B status in navel orange.
- Taxon
- Washington navel orange treese0
- Treatment
- pre-harvest foliar application of chitosane0
- Outcome
- Zn, Ca, Be2
- Direction
- significant improvemente2
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“The present study was carried out during 2012 and 2013 seasons to study the effect of pre-harvest foliar application of chitosan (a natural beta-1-4-linked glucosamine polymer) at two concentrations 250 and 500 ppm on vegetative tree growth, fruit yield and quality as well as leaves chemical composition of Washington navel orange trees grown under two locations”
e2“Meanwhile, it had a significant improvement on most of the studied fruit characters and leaf chemical constituents, that is, pigments, sugars, total soluble phenols, total free amino acids, endogenous plant hormones “IAA, ABA and GA3” as well as leaf nutritional status “N, P, K, Zn, Ca, B and Si””
Claim · model-written summary
Pre-harvest chitosan significantly improved leaf Si status in navel orange.
- Taxon
- Washington navel orange treese0
- Treatment
- pre-harvest foliar application of chitosane0
- Outcome
- Sie2
- Direction
- significant improvemente2
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“The present study was carried out during 2012 and 2013 seasons to study the effect of pre-harvest foliar application of chitosan (a natural beta-1-4-linked glucosamine polymer) at two concentrations 250 and 500 ppm on vegetative tree growth, fruit yield and quality as well as leaves chemical composition of Washington navel orange trees grown under two locations”
e2“Meanwhile, it had a significant improvement on most of the studied fruit characters and leaf chemical constituents, that is, pigments, sugars, total soluble phenols, total free amino acids, endogenous plant hormones “IAA, ABA and GA3” as well as leaf nutritional status “N, P, K, Zn, Ca, B and Si””
Claim · model-written summary
Pre-harvest chitosan mostly had pronounced positive effects on fruit weight, firmness and TSS%, especially at 500 ppm.
- Taxon
- Washington navel orange treese0
- Treatment
- pre-harvest chitosan applicationse3
- Outcome
- fruit weight, firmness and T.S.S.%e3
- Direction
- pronounced positive effectse3
- Qualifier
- especially at the rate 500 ppme3
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“The present study was carried out during 2012 and 2013 seasons to study the effect of pre-harvest foliar application of chitosan (a natural beta-1-4-linked glucosamine polymer) at two concentrations 250 and 500 ppm on vegetative tree growth, fruit yield and quality as well as leaves chemical composition of Washington navel orange trees grown under two locations”
e3“Generally, pre-harvest chitosan applications mostly had pronounced positive effects on improving navel orange quality, that is, fruit weight, firmness and T.S.S.%, especially at the rate 500 ppm”
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