Abstract
ABSTRACT Use of herbicide mixtures has been advocated as most effective strategy for avoidance and management of herbicide resistant weeds. Effect of twelve selected treatments of four herbicides (clodinafop-propargil, metribuzin, pinoxaden and sulfosulfuron) two-way mixtures at different doses was investigated against fenoxaprop-p-ethyl resistant and susceptible populations of P. minor grown along the wheat plants. In repeated experiment, herbicides mixtures were applied at 3 to 4 leaf stage of P. minor under greenhouse conditions. All the herbicide mixtures were effective to control resistant as well as susceptible P. minor. Mixtures having 75% lethal dose of each mixture component provided best control against P. minor. Mixtures with 50% lethal dose of each herbicide also provided more than 80% control of P. minor. Surviving P. minor plants after exposure to herbicide mixtures showed reduced growth and seed production potential. No mixture combination produced phytotoxic effects on wheat plant up to 75% of lethal dose of each mixture component. Mixtures including clodinafop-propargil + metribuzin, pinoxaden + sulfosulfuron and pinoxaden + metribuzin at 100% dose of each mixture component produced minor phytotoxic effects on wheat plants and caused no reduction in terms of ultimate growth and grain yield. However, mixture of sulfosulfuron + clodinafop-propargil at 100% dose of each component was phytotoxic to wheat and caused significant reduction in term of growth and grain yield. So, farmers can use these mixtures even at 75% of recommended dose of mixture component to control susceptible and resistant P. minor in wheat.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
All mixtures controlled resistant and susceptible P. minor.
- Taxon
- Wheat
Triticum aestivumt0 - Treatment
- herbicide mixturese0
- Interactor
- P. minor
.jpg?width=60)
Phalaris minore0weed - Outcome
- control resistant as well as susceptible P. minore0
- Direction
- effectivee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“All the herbicide mixtures were effective to control resistant as well as susceptible P. minor”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Mixtures with 75% lethal dose of each component gave the best weed control.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Mixtures having 75% lethal dose of each mixture componente0
- Interactor
- P. minorPhalaris minore0weed
- Outcome
- control against P. minore0
- Direction
- beste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Mixtures having 75% lethal dose of each mixture component provided best control against P. minor”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Mixtures with 50% lethal dose gave over 80% weed control.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Mixtures with 50% lethal dose of each herbicidee0
- Interactor
- P. minorPhalaris minore0weed
- Outcome
- control of P. minore0
- Direction
- more thane0
- Value
- 80%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Mixtures with 50% lethal dose of each herbicide also provided more than 80% control of P. minor”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Surviving P. minor showed reduced growth and seed production.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- herbicide mixturese0
- Interactor
- P. minorPhalaris minore0weed
- Outcome
- P. minor plants after exposure to herbicide mixtures showed reduced growth and seed production potentiale0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Surviving P. minor plants after exposure to herbicide mixtures showed reduced growth and seed production potential”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Mixtures up to 75% lethal dose caused no wheat phytotoxicity.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- mixture combinatione0
- Outcome
- phytotoxic effectse0
- Direction
- Noe0
- Qualifier
- up to 75% of lethal dose of each mixture componente0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“No mixture combination produced phytotoxic effects on wheat plant up to 75% of lethal dose of each mixture component”
Claim · model-written summary
Three full-dose mixtures caused minor phytotoxicity without reduced wheat growth or grain yield.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- clodinafop-propargil + metribuzine0
- Outcome
- minor phytotoxic effectse0
- Direction
- minore0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Mixtures including clodinafop-propargil + metribuzin, pinoxaden + sulfosulfuron and pinoxaden + metribuzin at 100% dose of each mixture component produced minor phytotoxic effects on wheat plants and caused no reduction in terms of ultimate growth and grain yield”
Claim · model-written summary
Full-dose sulfosulfuron plus clodinafop-propargil reduced wheat growth and grain yield.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- sulfosulfuron + clodinafop-propargil at 100% dose of each componente0
- Outcome
- growth and grain yielde0
- Direction
- reductione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“mixture of sulfosulfuron + clodinafop-propargil at 100% dose of each component was phytotoxic to wheat and caused significant reduction in term of growth and grain yield”
Claim · model-written summary
Authors recommend mixtures at 75% recommended dose for weed control in wheat.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Interactor
- P. minorPhalaris minore0weed
- Outcome
- use these mixtures even at 75% of recommended dose of mixture componente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“farmers can use these mixtures even at 75% of recommended dose of mixture component to control susceptible and resistant P. minor in wheat”
The same questions in other papers
herbicide · Phalaris minor · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results
36 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction
- negative
- no effect
- positive
35 papers more in this group
See all 39 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.