Abstract
Field studies were established in 2015 at Bowling Green and Lexington, KY to evaluate industrial hemp (Cannabis sativa) tolerance to various herbicides. Hemp was planted into conventionally tilled soils in mid to late June at a seeding rate of 39 kg/ha in Bowling Green and 22 kg/ha in Lexington. Five herbicide active ingredients were applied preemergence (PRE) the day of planting and six postemergence (POST) treatments were applied to 30 cm hemp with a CO2-backpack sprayer delivering 140 L/ha. Plots were 3.1 m wide by 6.1 m long and were sprayed with a 2.1 m boom sprayer leaving a 0.46 m visual check on either side of the sprayed area. A weed free check and a non-treated control were included and all treatments were replicated four times in a randomized complete block design. Hemp phytotoxicity was evaluated at 14 days after treatment for both PREs and POSTs. Hemp above-ground biomass, weed above-ground biomass, and seed yield were also evaluated. PRE herbicides did not injure hemp as much as POST herbicides, especially at the Bowling Green location. Mesotrione was the most injurious PRE evaluated (> 90%) while bromoxynil and MSMA applications resulted in low phytotoxicity (< 15%). Above-ground biomass was higher in the PRE treated plots, with the exceptions of bromoxynil and MSMA. Weed above-ground biomass was higher in the POST treated plots with the exception of mesotrione. At Bowling Green, PRE herbicides resulted in comparable yields to the weed-free check, except mesotrione. Metolachlor increased seed yield compared to the weed-free check and MSMA and bromoxynil had comparable yields to the weed-free check at both locations. Results identified possible herbicides to include in a future integrated pest management weed control program for industrial hemp.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
PRE herbicides injured hemp less than POST herbicides.
- Taxon
- Cannabis Sativa
Cannabis sativat0 - Treatment
- PRE herbicidese1
- Outcome
- injure hempe1
- Direction
- lowerinferrede1
- Comparator
- POST herbicidese1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Industrial Hemp (Cannabis Sativa)”
e1“PRE herbicides did not injure hemp as much as POST herbicides”
Claim · model-written summary
Mesotrione was the most injurious PRE herbicide evaluated, at above 90% phytotoxicity.
- Taxon
- Cannabis SativaCannabis sativat0
- Treatment
- Mesotrionee2
- Outcome
- most injuriouse2
- Direction
- most injuriouse2
- Value
- > 90%e2
- Comparator
- PRE evaluatede2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Industrial Hemp (Cannabis Sativa)”
e2“Mesotrione was the most injurious PRE evaluated (> 90%)”
Claim · model-written summary
Bromoxynil caused low phytotoxicity to hemp (below 15%).
- Taxon
- Cannabis SativaCannabis sativat0
- Treatment
- bromoxynile3
- Outcome
- phytotoxicitye3
- Direction
- lowe3
- Value
- < 15%e3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Industrial Hemp (Cannabis Sativa)”
e3“bromoxynil and MSMA applications resulted in low phytotoxicity (< 15%)”
Claim · model-written summary
MSMA caused low phytotoxicity to hemp (below 15%).
- Taxon
- Cannabis SativaCannabis sativat0
- Treatment
- MSMAe3
- Outcome
- phytotoxicitye3
- Direction
- lowe3
- Value
- < 15%e3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Industrial Hemp (Cannabis Sativa)”
e3“bromoxynil and MSMA applications resulted in low phytotoxicity (< 15%)”
Claim · model-written summary
Above-ground hemp biomass was higher in PRE-treated plots, except with bromoxynil and MSMA.
- Taxon
- Cannabis SativaCannabis sativat0
- Treatment
- PRE treated plotse4
- Outcome
- Above-ground biomasse4
- Direction
- highere4
- Qualifier
- with the exceptions of bromoxynil and MSMAe4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Industrial Hemp (Cannabis Sativa)”
e4“Above-ground biomass was higher in the PRE treated plots, with the exceptions of bromoxynil and MSMA”
Claim · model-written summary
Weed above-ground biomass was higher in POST-treated plots, except with mesotrione.
- Taxon
- Cannabis SativaCannabis sativat0
- Treatment
- POST treated plotse5
- Interactor
- Weede5weed
- Outcome
- Weed above-ground biomasse5
- Direction
- highere5
- Qualifier
- with the exception of mesotrionee5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Industrial Hemp (Cannabis Sativa)”
e5“Weed above-ground biomass was higher in the POST treated plots with the exception of mesotrione”
Claim · model-written summary
PRE herbicides at Bowling Green gave seed yields comparable to the weed-free check, except mesotrione.
- Taxon
- Cannabis SativaCannabis sativat0
- Treatment
- PRE herbicidese6
- Outcome
- yieldse6
- Direction
- comparablee6
- Qualifier
- except mesotrionee6
- Comparator
- weed-free checke6
- Setting
- Bowling Greene6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Industrial Hemp (Cannabis Sativa)”
e6“At Bowling Green, PRE herbicides resulted in comparable yields to the weed-free check, except mesotrione”
Claim · model-written summary
Metolachlor increased seed yield compared with the weed-free check.
- Taxon
- Cannabis SativaCannabis sativat0
- Treatment
- Metolachlore7
- Outcome
- seed yielde7
- Direction
- increasede7
- Comparator
- weed-free checke7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Industrial Hemp (Cannabis Sativa)”
e7“Metolachlor increased seed yield compared to the weed-free check”
Claim · model-written summary
MSMA gave seed yields comparable to the weed-free check at both locations.
- Taxon
- Cannabis SativaCannabis sativat0
- Treatment
- MSMAe7
- Outcome
- yieldse7
- Direction
- comparablee7
- Comparator
- weed-free checke7
- Setting
- both locationse7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Industrial Hemp (Cannabis Sativa)”
e7“MSMA and bromoxynil had comparable yields to the weed-free check at both locations”
Claim · model-written summary
Bromoxynil gave seed yields comparable to the weed-free check at both locations.
- Taxon
- Cannabis SativaCannabis sativat0
- Treatment
- bromoxynile7
- Outcome
- yieldse7
- Direction
- comparablee7
- Comparator
- weed-free checke7
- Setting
- both locationse7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Industrial Hemp (Cannabis Sativa)”
e7“MSMA and bromoxynil had comparable yields to the weed-free check at both locations”
Claim · model-written summary
The results identify possible herbicides for an integrated pest management weed control program for industrial hemp.
- Taxon
- Cannabis SativaCannabis sativat0
- Outcome
- possible herbicides to include in a future integrated pest management weed control programe6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Industrial Hemp (Cannabis Sativa)”
e6“Results identified possible herbicides to include in a future integrated pest management weed control program for industrial hemp”
The same questions in other papers
3,5-dibromo-4-hydroxybenzonitrile · yield · Cannabis sativaResults agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- negative
herbicide · weed · Cannabis sativaPositive and negative results
1 in the opposite direction
- positive
herbicide · growth · Cannabis sativaPositive and negative results
2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- negative
- positive
- positive
herbicide · yield · Cannabis sativaPositive and negative results
3 papers in the same direction as this paper · 3 reporting no difference from an alternative
- negative
- positive
- positive
3 papers more in this group
See all 7 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.