Abstract
This research aimed to determine the effects of different cover crops and application of bio-fertilizer on dynamic of nitrogen in the soil and sweet maize yield. Also, we evaluated the effect of fall-winter species (common vetch, field pea, winter oats, fodder kale) and a mixture of vetch and field pea with oats used as cover crops, as such as dead organic mulch and traditional variant, without coverage on biomass, chlorophyll and protein content in leaves and grain of main crop. Biomass production and N uptake by cover crops ranged from 4.25 to 90.20 kg ha(-1) and from 0.34 to 133.80 kg ha(-1) N, respectively, depending on cover crop type. At harvest soil nitrate content in treatments with cover crops was 50-90% lower than in the control, reducing spring N leaching risk. Residual mineral N significantly increased with application of microbiological fertilizer. The chlorophyll content of the main crop was significantly lower in treatments without cover crops. Consequently, sweet maize yield was the highest in fodder kale and field pea (7263.83 and 7177.27 kg ha(-1)) treatments, but the smallest in winter oat and common vetch (6802.47 and 6184.14 kg ha(-1)). In terms of all investigated traits, particularly grain yield, cover crops and microbiological fertilizer expressed more efficiency in the dry year. It could be concluded that N content should be controlled effectively by sowing main crops after planting of cover crops in biological farming systems in a semiarid region.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Cover crop biomass ranged from 4.25 to 90.20 kg ha(-1).
Verbatim
e0“Biomass production and N uptake by cover crops ranged from 4.25 to 90.20 kg ha(-1) and from 0.34 to 133.80 kg ha(-1) N, respectively, depending on cover crop type”
Claim · model-written summary
Cover crop N uptake ranged from 0.34 to 133.80 kg ha(-1) N.
Verbatim
e0“Biomass production and N uptake by cover crops ranged from 4.25 to 90.20 kg ha(-1) and from 0.34 to 133.80 kg ha(-1) N, respectively, depending on cover crop type”
Claim · model-written summary
Cover crops lowered harvest soil nitrate by 50-90% relative to control.
Verbatim
e0“At harvest soil nitrate content in treatments with cover crops was 50-90% lower than in the control”
t0“sweet maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Microbiological fertilizer significantly increased residual mineral N.
- Taxon
- sweet maizet0
- Treatment
- microbiological fertilizere0
- Outcome
- Residual mineral Ne0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Residual mineral N significantly increased with application of microbiological fertilizer”
t0“sweet maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Without cover crops, main crop chlorophyll was significantly lower.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“The chlorophyll content of the main crop was significantly lower in treatments without cover crops”
t0“sweet maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Fodder kale cover crop had the highest sweet maize yield, 7263.83 kg ha(-1).
Verbatim
e0“sweet maize yield was the highest in fodder kale and field pea (7263.83 and 7177.27 kg ha(-1)) treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
Field pea cover crop had high sweet maize yield, 7177.27 kg ha(-1).
Verbatim
e0“sweet maize yield was the highest in fodder kale and field pea (7263.83 and 7177.27 kg ha(-1)) treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
Winter oat cover crop had low sweet maize yield, 6802.47 kg ha(-1).
Verbatim
e0“the smallest in winter oat and common vetch (6802.47 and 6184.14 kg ha(-1))”
t0“sweet maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Common vetch cover crop had low sweet maize yield, 6184.14 kg ha(-1).
Verbatim
e0“the smallest in winter oat and common vetch (6802.47 and 6184.14 kg ha(-1))”
t0“sweet maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Cover crops were more effective for investigated traits, especially yield, in the dry year.
Verbatim
e0“cover crops and microbiological fertilizer expressed more efficiency in the dry year”
t0“sweet maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Microbiological fertilizer was more effective in the dry year.
Verbatim
e0“cover crops and microbiological fertilizer expressed more efficiency in the dry year”
t0“sweet maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Authors recommend controlling N by sowing main crops after cover crops in semiarid biological farming.
Verbatim
e0“N content should be controlled effectively by sowing main crops after planting of cover crops in biological farming systems in a semiarid region”
t0“sweet maize”
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