Abstract
Since 2000, soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr] grain commodity price has increased by almost 300% generating interest in agricultural inputs to maximize soybean yield.The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of common inputs on soybean grain yield in enhanced (high-input) and traditional (low-input) production systems.The inputs evaluated included: Rhizobia inoculant, gypsum, pyraclostrobin fungicide, lambda-cyhalothrin insecticide, and manganese (Mn) foliar fertilizer.A sixteen site-year trial was established in Ohio during 2013 and 2014.Rhizobia inoculant was seed applied before planting, gypsum was applied at the VC growth stage (unrolled unifoliate leaves), and fungicide, insecticide, and Mn foliar fertilizer were applied at the R3 growth stage (initial pod development).Measurements of percent leaf area affected by foliar disease and insect defoliation and Mn and sulfur (S) concentration in leaves were collected at six site-years.The omission of pyraclostrobin from the enhanced production system significantly reduced yield in five of sixteen site-years by 0.21 to 0.79 Mg ha -1 , but its addition to a traditional system increased yield significantly at only one of sixteen siteyears by 0.47 Mg ha -1 .Fields with high disease and above average yield (>3.5 Mg ha -1 ) that received over 25 cm of precipitation in June and July tended to be responsive to the fungicide application.During 2013 and 2014, with established corn/soybean rotations, no iii S or Mn deficiencies, and minimal insect pressure, there were limited effects of inoculant, gypsum, insecticide, and Mn foliar fertilizer on grain yield.Knowledge of potential yield limiting factors is useful in identifying inputs that will increase soybean yield on a field by field basis.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Omitting pyraclostrobin from the enhanced production system significantly reduced soybean yield at five of sixteen site-years.
- Taxon
- soybean
Glycine maxe0 - Treatment
- omission of pyraclostrobine1
- Outcome
- yielde1
- Direction
- reducede1
- Value
- 0.21 to 0.79 Mg ha -1e1
- Qualifier
- in five of sixteen site-yearse1
- Comparator
- enhanced production systeme1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr] grain commodity price”
e1“The omission of pyraclostrobin from the enhanced production system significantly reduced yield in five of sixteen site-years by 0.21 to 0.79 Mg ha -1”
Claim · model-written summary
Adding pyraclostrobin to a traditional system significantly increased soybean yield at only one of sixteen site-years.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- addition to a traditional systeme1
- Outcome
- yielde1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Value
- 0.47 Mg ha -1e1
- Qualifier
- at only one of sixteen siteyearse1
- Comparator
- traditional systeme1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr] grain commodity price”
e1“its addition to a traditional system increased yield significantly at only one of sixteen siteyears by 0.47 Mg ha -1”
Claim · model-written summary
Soybean fields with high disease, above average yield and high June and July precipitation tended to respond to fungicide application.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- fungicide applicatione1
- Outcome
- responsive to the fungicide applicatione1
- Qualifier
- that received over 25 cm of precipitation in June and Julye1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr] grain commodity price”
e1“Fields with high disease and above average yield (>3.5 Mg ha -1) that received over 25 cm of precipitation in June and July tended to be responsive to the fungicide application”
Claim · model-written summary
Rhizobia inoculant had limited effects on soybean grain yield.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- Rhizobia inoculante2
- Interactor
- Rhizobiae2symbiont
- Outcome
- grain yielde1
- Direction
- limited effectse1
- Qualifier
- with established corn/soybean rotationse1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr] grain commodity price”
e1“During 2013 and 2014, with established corn/soybean rotations, no iii S or Mn deficiencies, and minimal insect pressure, there were limited effects of inoculant, gypsum, insecticide, and Mn foliar fertilizer on grain yield”
e2“Rhizobia inoculant was seed applied before planting”
Claim · model-written summary
Gypsum had limited effects on soybean grain yield.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- gypsume1
- Outcome
- grain yielde1
- Direction
- limited effectse1
- Qualifier
- with established corn/soybean rotationse1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr] grain commodity price”
e1“During 2013 and 2014, with established corn/soybean rotations, no iii S or Mn deficiencies, and minimal insect pressure, there were limited effects of inoculant, gypsum, insecticide, and Mn foliar fertilizer on grain yield”
Claim · model-written summary
Insecticide had limited effects on soybean grain yield under minimal insect pressure.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- insecticidee1
- Interactor
- insecte1pest
- Outcome
- grain yielde1
- Direction
- limited effectse1
- Qualifier
- minimal insect pressuree1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr] grain commodity price”
e1“During 2013 and 2014, with established corn/soybean rotations, no iii S or Mn deficiencies, and minimal insect pressure, there were limited effects of inoculant, gypsum, insecticide, and Mn foliar fertilizer on grain yield”
Claim · model-written summary
Manganese foliar fertilizer had limited effects on soybean grain yield.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- Mn foliar fertilizere1
- Outcome
- grain yielde1
- Direction
- limited effectse1
- Qualifier
- with established corn/soybean rotationse1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr] grain commodity price”
e1“During 2013 and 2014, with established corn/soybean rotations, no iii S or Mn deficiencies, and minimal insect pressure, there were limited effects of inoculant, gypsum, insecticide, and Mn foliar fertilizer on grain yield”
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