application · Yield · Glycine max (soybean)
720 claims from these papers; 140 citations between them.
Papers here report positive and negative or no-effect results. No pair of them has been accepted in the claim-by-claim check.
How these papers cite each other
140 citations between these papers: 92 on the same side, 48 across the two sides.
The graph shows the 115 papers with the most citations among these 404; all of them are listed below.
- Positive result
- Negative result or no effect
- Citation, pointing to the cited paper
- Citation across the two sides
- Larger circle: more citations overall
Years run left to right. Citations come from the papers’ OpenAlex reference lists. Hover a paper to bring forward its citations; click it to open the paper.
Papers reporting a positive result 332
Foliar Fertilization of Soybeans During the Seed‐filling Period1 · 1976
- positive
Weed Control in Soybeans by Glyphosate Applied in the Recirculating Sprayer · 1977
- positive
Correction of Mn Deficiency of Soybeans1 · 1978
- positive
- positive
- no effect
Responses of four soybean varieties to foliar zinc fertilizer · 1981
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
MAXIMIZING SOYBEAN YIELDS GLYCINE MAX (L.) MERRIL · 1981
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
A Growth Retardant Improves Performance of Soybeans Relay Intercropped with Winter Wheat1 · 1984
- positive
Timing of Foliar Manganese Application for Correction of Manganese Deficiency in Soybean1 · 1985
- positive
- positive
Effect of Bitter Lupin Extract on Growth and Yield of Different Crops · 1987
- positive
Soybean Pod Set Enhancement with Synthetic Cytokinin Analogs · 1987
- positive
Effect of Soil and Foliar Fertilization on Inoculated and Uninoculated Soybeans · 1987
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
Johnsongrass (Sorghum halepense) Control by Herbicides in Oil Diluents · 1988
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
Tillage and Fertilizer Management Effects on Soybean Growth and Yield on Three Mississippi Soils · 1990
- positive
- no effect
- positive
- positive
Feasibility of Non-irrigated Soybean (Glycine max) Production in the Semi-arid Central Great Plains · 1991
- positive
Net Returns from Stale Seedbed Plantings of Soybean (Glycine max) on Clay Soil · 1993
- positive
- negative
Differential tolerance of soybean (Glycine max) to manganese in Mn-deficient soil · 1994
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
Response of soybean to foliar‐applied boron and magnesium and soil‐applied boron1 · 1995
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- no effect
Effect of methanol on soybean photosynthesis and chlorophyll · 1995
- positive
Foliar Fertilization of Soybean at Early Vegetative Stages · 1998
- positive
- positive
- positive
- negative
- no effect
- no effect
Polyamines as Modulators of Soybean Productivity · 1998
- positive
- positive
- positive
Effect of sucrose supplementation by stem injection on the development of soybean plants · 1998
- positive
A Comparison of Three Methods for Reducing Iron‐Deficiency Chlorosis in Soybean · 2000
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
Effect of seed pelleting and foliar nutrition on growth of soybean · 2001
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
The major Nod factor of Bradyrhizobium japonicum promotes early growth of soybean and corn · 2002
- positive
Assessment of Crop Loss due to Soybean Rust Pathogen · 2002
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
CHEMICAL MANAGEMENT OF SOYBEAN DOWNY MILDEW CAUSED BY PERONOSPORA MANSHURICA IN EGYPT · 2002
- positive
- positive
Gibberellin and cytokinin effects on soybean growth · 2003
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
Response of Soybean Grain Oil and Protein Concentrations to Foliar and Soil Fertilization · 2005
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
Epidemiology and management of soybean rust (Phakopsora pachyrhyrhizi) · 2005
- positive
Reasponse of soyabean (Glycine max) to soil and foliar applied boron at different rates · 2006
- positive
- positive
Mode of copper fertilization in a typic ustipsamment under soybean-wheat cropping sequence · 2006
- positive
- no effect
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
Management of Root/Collar Rot Disease in Soybean · 2008
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
Effect of S3307 on Growth and Yield of Soybean · 2008
- positive
The Application Effect of Different Micro-fertilizer on Soybean · 2008
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
Effect of Spraying Plant Growth Regulator on Morphology and Yield of Relay-cropping Soybean · 2009
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
Ethylene production under high temperature stress causes premature leaf senescence in soybean · 2010
- positive
- positive
Field efficacy of insecticides against jassid, Empoasca kerri (Pruthi) in soybean. · 2010
- positive
Efficacy of N eem products vis-a-vis Triazopbos for Management of Soybean stem borers · 2010
- positive
Preliminary Study on Whole Chemistry Control of Soybean · 2010
- positive
- positive
- positive
Studies on effect of vermitechnologies on insect-pest activity and yield of soybean · 2010
- positive
- positive
Effect of spraying uniconazole on soybean yield and quality. · 2010
- positive
Soybean Yield Response to Pyraclostrobin and Drainage Water Management · 2011
- positive
- positive
Effect of varieties,densities and leaf regulation technology on soybean yield in semi-drought area · 2011
- positive
Study on Technique of Relieving Lack Iron Nutrition for Soybean Plants in Calcareous Soil · 2011
- positive
Effects of PP_(333) Spraying at Different Stages on Soybean Agronomic and Physiological Characters · 2011
- positive
- no effect
- negative
- positive
Effects of Seed-coat and Foliar-applied Manganese on Agronomic Traits and Yield of Soybean · 2011
- positive
- positive
- positive
Effect of foliar application of urea on physiological characters and yield of soybean. · 2012
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
Growth and Yield of Soybean as Influenced by Nitrogen and Growth Regulators · 2012
- positive
Leaf Spraying Paclobutrazol Improves Agronomic Traits and Yield of Soybean cv.Jinyi 31 · 2012
- positive
Response of Soybean yield and it's Components to Foliar Fertilization with some Micronutrients · 2012
- positive
- positive
- no effect
EFFECT OF COMPLETE MICRO NUTRIENT FERTILIZER APPLICATION ON SOYBEAN YIELD AND YIELD COMPONENTS · 2012
- positive
- positive
Fungicide application using a trailing boom in soybean fields · 2013
- positive
Response of soybean yield to manganese foliar application under short-term drought stress · 2013
- positive
- positive
- positive
Management of root and collar rot of soybean through bio-control agent Trichoderma · 2013
- positive
Effects of Superoxide Dismutase Mimics (SOD_M) on Soybean Protective Enzyme System · 2013
- positive
ALLEVIATING THE HARMFUL EFFECT OF SALINITY STRESS ON SOYBEAN PLANTS BY USING SOME PROMOTERS · 2013
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
Foliar and soil fertilization effect on seed yield and protein content of soybean · 2015
- positive
- positive
Systemic Acquired Resistance of Soybean to Soybean Rust Induced by Shale Water · 2015
- positive
Effect of micronutrient on quality seed production of soybean · 2015
- positive
- positive
- positive
Effect of foliar fertilization on soybean grain yield · 2015
- positive
GENOTYPIC SPECIFICITY OF SOYBEAN [GLYCINE MAX. (L) MERR.] UNDER CONDITIONS OF FOLIAR FERTILIZATION · 2015
- positive
- positive
- positive
Effects of ABA on nutrition absorption of soybean under Zn/Cr contaminated stress · 2015
- positive
Soybean rotation and crop residue management to reduce nitrous oxide emissions from sugarcane soils · 2015
- positive
Agronomic and nutritional considerations for increased soybean productivity · 2015
- positive
- positive
- positive
Effect of foliar fertilization on soybean grain yield · 2015
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
Efficacy of various insecticidal spray schedules against insect pests of soybean · 2016
- positive
- positive
- negative
Effects of Row Spacing, Benomyl, and Duration of Sicklepod (Cassia obtusifolia) · 2016
- positive
PARTICIPATORY RESEARCH TO CLOSE THE SOYBEAN YIELD GAP ON SMALLHOLDER FARMS IN MALAWI · 2016
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
Effect of different application method of humic acid on nodulation and seed yield of soybean · 2016
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
Effect of lime, zinc and boron on yield and uptake of micronutrients by soybean · 2016
- positive
- positive
Effect of foliar applications of micronutrient and methanol on seed yield of soybean · 2016
- positive
- positive
A Two-Stage Approach for Estimating the Value of Damage Control with Fungicide in Soybean Production · 2016
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
Soybean Yield and Nutritional Status Response to Nitrogen Sources and Rates of Foliar Fertilization · 2017
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
Value of Damage Control with Foliar Fungicide in Soybean Production in Tennessee · 2017
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
Foliar Application of Iron Fertilizers to Control Iron Deficiency Chlorosis of Soybean · 2017
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- negative
Chemical control of foliar diseases in soybean depends on cultivar and sowing date · 2017
- positive
Effect of Exogenous Application of GA3 SSSAS A Male Gametocide on Yield Parameters in Soybean · 2017
- positive
- negative
- positive
Effect of nutrient management on productivity and economics of soybean · 2017
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
Improvement of Soybean (Glycine max L.) Yield with Urea Foliar Application at Growth Stages · 2017
- positive
- positive
- no effect
Chemical control of foliar diseases in soybean depends on cultivar and sowing date · 2017
- positive
- positive
Can Additional Inoculations Increase Soybean Nodulation and Grain Yield? · 2018
- positive
Soybean productivity as influenced by foliar application of nutrients · 2018
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
Response of Rainfed Soybean to Micronutrient Application in Vertisols · 2018
- positive
- positive
- positive
Yield, seed quality and nodule formation of soybeanunder application of effective microorganisms · 2018
- positive
Effect of foliar and soil application of potassium on soybean (Glycine max L.) · 2018
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
Effect of Foliar Nutrition on Uptake of Nutrients and Economics of Soybean · 2018
- positive
Irrigation and nitrogen management of soybean in highly productive soils · 2018
- positive
- positive
Growth and Yield of Soybean (Glycine max L.) As Influenced By Boron Nutrition in a Vertisol · 2018
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
Yield formation of soybean under the influence of inoculation and top-dressing · 2018
- positive
Effect of humic substances on nutrient uptake and yield of soybean · 2018
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
Effect of foliar sprays of Ethrel on growth of soybean · 2018
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
Effect of amino acid biostimulant on the yield and nutraceutical potential of soybean · 2019
- positive
- positive
Study on Bio-Efficacy of Zinc Fortified SSP in Soybean · 2019
- positive
- no effect
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
Comparision of physical properties of turmeric rhizomes at fresh, boiled and dried conditions · 2019
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
Effectiveness of bio-agents in soybean · 2019
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
Use of foliar fertilizers on soybeans in the Republic of Tatarstan · 2020
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
Improving Kentucky's Winter Wheat and Double Crop Soybean Rotation · 2020
- positive
Effectiveness of Water Management towards Soil Moisture Preservation on Soybeans · 2020
- positive
- positive
- positive
Soybean seed [Glycine max L.] coated by fertile soil-applied sodium bicarbonate at alluvial soil · 2020
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
Response of soybean to silicon in vertisol · 2020
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
Effect of Foliar Application of Yeast and Algae on Yield and Quality of Soybean in Newly Soils · 2020
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
THE FORMATION OF SOYBEAN PHYTOCENOSIS AND SEEDS QUALITY DEPENDING ON THE INTENSIFICATION FACTORS · 2020
- positive
- positive
- positive
Effect of potassium on yield and the rust incidence of soybean · 2020
- positive
- positive
Impact of foliar spray of nutrients seed yield and economics of soybean (Glycine max L. Merrill) · 2020
- positive
- positive
- positive
INCREASING YIELD OF NEW VARIETIES OF SOYBEAN BY APPLYING CORRECTIVE DRESSINGS · 2021
- positive
- positive
- positive
Foliar application of fungicide-opera alleviates negative impact of water stress in soybean plants · 2021
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
Influence of Compost Tea and Potassium Humate on Soil Properties and Plant Growth · 2021
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
Effect of Planting Dates and Weed Control Treatments on Soybean Yield and Its Components · 2021
- positive
- positive
- no effect
Double‐crop soybean management practices for high yield and profitability · 2021
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
Is foliar fertilization essential for high soybean yields? · 2021
- positive
- positive
- positive
Effect of Zinc Application Strategies on Growth and Yield of Soybean in Central India · 2021
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
Effect of phosphorus fertilization and molybdenum seed treatment on yield and economics of soybean · 2021
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- no effect
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
Growth and Yield Response of Soybean to Sulphur and Boron Application · 2022
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
A brassinosteroid functional analogue increases soybean drought resilience · 2022
- positive
- positive
- positive
Evaluation of Foliar Treatments Against Soybean Gall Midge, 2020 · 2022
- positive
- positive
Effectiveness of bioactive preparations as an element of ecologization of soybean cultivation · 2022
- positive
- positive
- positive
Nano-iron oxide accelerates growth, yield, and quality of Glycine max seed in water deficits · 2022
- positive
- positive
The effectiveness of various microfertilizers in the cultivation of soybeans · 2022
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- negative
Calcium and Boron Fertilization Improves Soybean Photosynthetic Efficiency and Grain Yield · 2022
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
EFFECT OF FERTILIZERS ON YIELD COMPONENT ATTRIBUTES, YIELD AND QUALITY IN SOYBEAN CROP · 2022
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
SUPPRESSION OF IRRIGATION WATER DEFICIT STRESS AFFECTING SOYBEAN PRODUCTION · 2022
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
Boron foliar supplementation as a strategy to attenuate drought stress in soybean · 2023
- positive
- positive
- positive
Effect of foliar application of nitrogen and zinc on the performance of soybean · 2023
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- no effect
- positive
- positive
Response of Bacillus megaterium and Bacillus mucilaginosus Strains on Yield and Quality of Soybean · 2023
- positive
- positive
EFFECTIVENESS OF PLANT GROWTH PROMOTERS IN SOYBEAN GROWING IN THE FOREST-STEPPE OF WEST SIBERIA · 2023
- positive
- positive
Effect and profitability of foliar application of thiourea on soybean yield · 2023
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
Effect of foliar nutrition on productivity and profitability of soybean (Glycine max) · 2024
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
Role of bioproducts in the improvement of soybean productivity · 2024
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- no effect
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
Carbamide ((NH2)2CO) use efficiency in foliar fertilizing of soybean · 2024
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
Molybdenum and nickel foliar application on soybean yield and oil and protein contents · 2024
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
Effect of foliar application of water-soluble fertilizers on yield and economics of soybean · 2024
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
Studies on effect of NANO DAP on yield and nutrient uptake of soybean grown on Vertisol · 2024
- positive
Effect of Nano-DAP on growth, yield and quality of soybean in Entisol · 2024
- positive
- positive
- positive
Management of Yellow Mosaic Disease in Soybean · 2024
- positive
- positive
- positive
Effect of nano-DAP on nutrient dynamics and yield of soybean · 2024
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- negative
Increase of soybean yield using aqueous extracts from plant material · 2024
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
Foliar application of micronutrients and potassium in soybean crop · 2025
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- no effect
Produtividade da soja em resposta à aplicação foliar de micronutrientes · 2025
- positive
- positive
- positive
Efficiency of liquid boron microfertilizers in soybean cultivation technology · 2025
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- no effect
Standardization of heat stress mitigation on seed yield and quality in Soybean · 2025
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
Effect of nano urea and nano DAP on growth and yield of soybean (Glycine max L.) · 2025
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
Evaluating ONE SMART SPRAY for weed control in midwestern U.S. corn and soybean crops · 2025
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
- positive
EFFECT OF ETHEPHON SPRAYING ON SEEDS YIELD AND ITS COMPONENTS OF DIFFERENT SOYBEAN CULTIVARS · 2026
- positive
- positive
- positive
Papers reporting a negative result or no effect 72
Some tests on the weed control in sweet potato and soybean fields with 2, 4-D · 1954
- no effect
Response of Soybeans to 2,4-D, Dicamba, and Picloram · 1969
- negative
- no effect
Influence of a Foliar Fertilizer on Soybean Yields · 1972
- no effect
- no effect
Response of Soybeans to a Morphactin1 · 1975
- no effect
Soybean Seed Yield Losses Caused by Powdery Mildew1 · 1978
- no effect
Effect of Foliar Fertilization on Photosynthesis, Leaf Nutrition, and Yield of Soybeans1 · 1978
- no effect
Dicamba Volatility · 1979
- negative
Foliage Injury, Nutrient Intake, and Yield of Soybeans as Influenced by Foliar Fertilization1 · 1980
- negative
- negative
Control of Johnsongrass (Sorghum halepense) and Volunteer Corn (Zea mays) in Soybeans (Glycine max) · 1981
- negative
Response of Corn and Soybeans to Soil vs. Foliar‐Applied Salts of Cooling Tower Origin · 1984
- negative
- no effect
Effect of Foliar Fertilizers on the Growth of Soybean Cultivars1 · 1986
- no effect
- negative
Herbicide Combinations for Preharvest Weed Desiccation in Early Maturing Soybean (Glycine max) · 1998
- no effect
- no effect
- no effect
- negative
Effect of foliar application of resorcinol on certain biochemical parameters and yield of soybean. · 2006
- negative
- no effect
Manure placement depth impacts on crop yields and N retained in soil · 2008
- no effect
Effect of Top Dressing Fertilizer Patterns on Growth and Yield of Continuous Cropping Soybean · 2008
- no effect
Soybean plant responses to glyphosate and manganese in glyphosate-resistant production systems · 2009
- no effect
Effect of Fungicide on Soybean Growth and Yield · 2009
- no effect
- no effect
SPRAY NOZZLE AND ADJUVANT EFFECTS ON FUNGICIDAL CONTROL OF SOYBEAN ASIAN RUST · 2010
- no effect
- no effect
- no effect
- no effect
Kansas Fertilizer Research 2012 · 2013
- negative
Effects of Rhizobium- Mycorrhizae Symbiosis and Foliar Application of Urea on Some Traits of Soybean · 2015
- no effect
- no effect
Soybean Yield Response in High and Low Input Production Systems · 2015
- no effect
- no effect
ADJUVANTS IN FUNGICIDE SPRAYING IN WHEAT AND SOYBEAN CROPS · 2016
- no effect
- no effect
Foliar application of calcium and kinetin on soybean at reproductive stage · 2017
- no effect
- no effect
Effects of calcium supply on soybean plants · 2018
- no effect
USE OF SURFACTANT WITH DIFFERENT VOLUMES OF FUNGICIDE APPLICATION IN SOYBEAN CULTURE · 2018
- negative
Silicon and salicylic acid promote different responses in legume plants · 2018
- no effect
- no effect
- negative
Grain yield, efficiency and the allocation of foliar N applied to soybean canopies · 2019
- no effect
Additional Nitrogen Fertilization on Soybean via Soil and Leaf at the Reproductive Stage · 2019
- no effect
Nitrogen application after plant growth regulator herbicide drift reduces soybean growth and yield · 2019
- negative
- no effect
Spray volumes and fungicide rates on Asian soybean rust control · 2019
- no effect
- no effect
Effects of glyphosate and foliar fertilizers on the glyphosate resistant (GR) soybean · 2019
- no effect
- negative
Foliar Fertilization of Soybean in North Carolina and Southeastern Virginia · 2020
- no effect
- negative
- no effect
- no effect
Late‐season N fertilization effects on soybean seed protein and biological N2 fixation · 2021
- no effect
Foliar fertilizers rarely increase yield in United States soybean · 2021
- no effect
Nitrogen and Nickel Foliar Application on Grain yield, Yield Components, and Quality of Soybean · 2022
- negative
Air‐assisted spraying and electrically charged droplets for Bemisia tabaci control in soybeans · 2022
- no effect
- no effect
- no effect
- negative
Can a successional crop system associated with preemergent herbicides be a tool to control weeds? · 2022
- no effect
SOYBEAN YIELD AND QUALITY RESPONSE TO FOLIAR FERTILIZATION · 2022
- negative
- no effect
- no effect
Assessing Foliar Fungicides for Soybean Disease Management and Yield in Indiana · 2023
- no effect
- no effect
- no effect
Effect of nozzles on disease control with spraying fungicides in soybean crops · 2024
- no effect
Comparing herbicide application methods with See & Spray™ technology in soybean · 2024
- no effect
Soybean yield was not influenced by foliar insecticide application at R3 and R5 stages · 2024
- no effect
Impact of foliar fertilization on growth, yield, nutrient dynamics and seed quality of soybean · 2024
- negative
Evaluation of soybean management in Oklahoma · 2024
- negative
Increasing Three Soybean Varieties’ Growth and Production by Soaking Using Paclobutrazol · 2025
- no effect
Evaluating precision sprayers for targeted weed management in corn and soybean · 2025
- no effect
Association between air-assistance and electrically charged droplets on whitefly control in soybean · 2025
- no effect
Profitability of prophylactic R3 pesticide applications in soybean when pest pressure is low · 2025
- no effect
- no effect
- no effect
- no effect
- no effect
A paper is on the positive side when any of its claims here is positive. Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. Claims that compare genotypes are left out; a claim about lacking a nutrient counts the other way round in that nutrient’s question. “Results differ” marks a question where two model reviewers, reading both claims, accepted at least one pair of papers whose results differ.