Abstract
Field experiments were conducted during a 3-yr period to study the effects of three soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr. ‘Hill’] row spacings, four periods of sicklepod ( Cassia obtusifolia L. # CASOB) competition, and timing of fungicide application for control of seed and foliar diseases of soybeans on soybean yields and growth of sicklepod Competition of sicklepod for 4 weeks reduced soybean yields in 2 of the 3 yr. Competition for the entire season significantly reduced the yield of soybeans regardless of row spacing. Average soybean yields were higher with 51-cm row spacings than with 102-cm row spacings regardless of fungicide treatment or period of sicklepod competition. Foliar applications of benomyl significantly increased soybean yields in only 1 of 3 yr. Sicklepod plants did not grow taller than soybeans until more than 96 days after emergence. Greatest rate of increase in weights of individual sicklepod plants and growth of axillary branches was in the period from 72 to 96 days after emergence. During this time, there was about an 8-fold increase in the number of leaves produced by sicklepod plants. The most rapid daily increase in height of sicklepod was in the period from 96 to 100 days after emergence when more than 50% of the total growth occurred. Height and weight of sicklepod plants were less when soybeans were grown in 25-cm row spacings than in 102-cm row spacings. No differences were noted in die internal microflora of soybean seed collected from fold plots with regard to the presence of sicklepod, duration of sicklepod interference, or timing of fungicide application.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Four weeks of sicklepod competition reduced soybean yields in two of three years.
- Taxon
- soybean
Glycine maxe0 - Treatment
- Competition of sicklepod for 4 weekse0
- Interactor
- sicklepode0weed
- Outcome
- soybean yieldse0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Competition of sicklepod for 4 weeks reduced soybean yields in 2 of the 3 yr”
Claim · model-written summary
Full-season sicklepod competition significantly reduced soybean yield regardless of row spacing.
- Taxon
- soybeansGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- Competition for the entire seasone0
- Outcome
- yield of soybeanse0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Competition for the entire season significantly reduced the yield of soybeans regardless of row spacing”
Claim · model-written summary
Soybean yields were higher at 51-cm than 102-cm row spacing.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- 51-cm row spacingse0
- Outcome
- soybean yieldse0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- 102-cm row spacingse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Average soybean yields were higher with 51-cm row spacings than with 102-cm row spacings regardless of fungicide treatment or period of sicklepod competition”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar benomyl increased soybean yields significantly in one of three years.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- Foliar applications of benomyle0
- Outcome
- soybean yieldse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Foliar applications of benomyl significantly increased soybean yields in only 1 of 3 yr”
Claim · model-written summary
Sicklepod became taller than soybean only after 96 days from emergence.
Verbatim
e0“Sicklepod plants did not grow taller than soybeans until more than 96 days after emergence”
Claim · model-written summary
Individual sicklepod weight and axillary branch growth rose fastest from 72 to 96 days after emergence.
Verbatim
e0“Greatest rate of increase in weights of individual sicklepod plants and growth of axillary branches was in the period from 72 to 96 days after emergence”
Claim · model-written summary
Sicklepod leaf number increased about eightfold during that period.
Verbatim
e0“During this time, there was about an 8-fold increase in the number of leaves produced by sicklepod plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Sicklepod height increased most rapidly from 96 to 100 days after emergence, when more than half of growth occurred.
Verbatim
e0“The most rapid daily increase in height of sicklepod was in the period from 96 to 100 days after emergence when more than 50% of the total growth occurred”
Claim · model-written summary
Sicklepod height and weight were lower with soybean at 25-cm than at 102-cm spacing.
Verbatim
e0“Height and weight of sicklepod plants were less when soybeans were grown in 25-cm row spacings than in 102-cm row spacings”
Claim · model-written summary
Soybean seed internal microflora did not differ with sicklepod presence, interference duration or fungicide timing.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Outcome
- internal microflora of soybean seede0
- Direction
- No differencese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“No differences were noted in die internal microflora of soybean seed collected from fold plots with regard to the presence of sicklepod, duration of sicklepod interference, or timing of fungicide application”
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See all 404 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.