Abstract
The winter wheat double crop soybean rotation is an economically viable rotation for Kentucky farmers. Recent decreases in commodity prices has warranted the need to evaluate intensive management practices that can increase yields and profitability in this crop rotation. There were three goals of this dissertation: 1.) identify management practices that would decrease deoxynivalenol (DON) in harvested wheat grain and increase wheat heading and anthesis uniformity, 2.) evaluate double crop soybean planting timing and identify intensive management practices to increase seed yield, and 3.) determine the profitability of these management options. These studies were conducted in Princeton KY between 2016 and 2019. In-furrow phosphorus did not decrease DON or heading and anthesis uniformity. Increased seeding rate decreased the number of days to beginning anthesis (Zadoks 60) in late planted wheat, however did not decrease DON contamination. Harvesting wheat at 20 to 22% grain moisture increased grain quality, but also increased DON contamination compared to harvesting at 13 to 15% grain moisture. Harvesting at 20 to 22% grain moisture, enabled an earlier planting timing of double crop soybeans which resulted in soybean yield increase. Increased seeding rate and the use of prophylactic R3 foliar pesticide application increased double crop soybean yields respectively. The use of seed treatment did not increase seed yield. Partial budget analysis indicate that the wheat intensive management treatments had negative net benefits, and that only the increased seeding rate and the use of prophylactic foliar pesticide application had positive net benefits. Overall, intensive management options were identified that increase yield and profitability for Kentucky’s winter wheat and double crop soybean rotation.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
In-furrow phosphorus did not decrease DON or heading and anthesis uniformity in winter wheat.
- Taxon
- winter wheat
Triticum aestivume2 - Treatment
- In-furrow phosphoruse1
- Outcome
- DON or heading and anthesis uniformitye1
- Direction
- did not decreasee1
- Setting
- Princeton KYe3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“In-furrow phosphorus did not decrease DON or heading and anthesis uniformity”
e2“The winter wheat double crop soybean rotation”
e3“These studies were conducted in Princeton KY between 2016 and 2019”
Claim · model-written summary
Increased seeding rate decreased the number of days to beginning anthesis (Zadoks 60) in late planted wheat.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Treatment
- Increased seeding ratee1
- Outcome
- number of days to beginning anthesis (Zadoks 60)e1
- Direction
- decreasede1
- Qualifier
- late plantede1
- Setting
- Princeton KYe3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Increased seeding rate decreased the number of days to beginning anthesis (Zadoks 60) in late planted wheat, however did not decrease DON contamination”
e3“These studies were conducted in Princeton KY between 2016 and 2019”
Claim · model-written summary
Increased seeding rate did not decrease DON contamination in wheat.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Treatment
- Increased seeding ratee1
- Outcome
- DON contaminatione1
- Direction
- did not decreasee1
- Setting
- Princeton KYe3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Increased seeding rate decreased the number of days to beginning anthesis (Zadoks 60) in late planted wheat, however did not decrease DON contamination”
e3“These studies were conducted in Princeton KY between 2016 and 2019”
Claim · model-written summary
Harvesting wheat at 20 to 22% grain moisture increased grain quality compared with harvesting at 13 to 15% grain moisture.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Treatment
- Harvesting wheat at 20 to 22% grain moisturee1
- Outcome
- grain qualitye1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Comparator
- harvesting at 13 to 15% grain moisturee1
- Setting
- Princeton KYe3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Harvesting wheat at 20 to 22% grain moisture increased grain quality, but also increased DON contamination compared to harvesting at 13 to 15% grain moisture”
e3“These studies were conducted in Princeton KY between 2016 and 2019”
Claim · model-written summary
Harvesting wheat at 20 to 22% grain moisture increased DON contamination compared with harvesting at 13 to 15% grain moisture.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Treatment
- Harvesting wheat at 20 to 22% grain moisturee1
- Outcome
- DON contaminatione1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Comparator
- harvesting at 13 to 15% grain moisturee1
- Setting
- Princeton KYe3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Harvesting wheat at 20 to 22% grain moisture increased grain quality, but also increased DON contamination compared to harvesting at 13 to 15% grain moisture”
e3“These studies were conducted in Princeton KY between 2016 and 2019”
Claim · model-written summary
Harvesting at 20 to 22% grain moisture enabled an earlier planting timing of double crop soybeans.
- Taxon
- soybeans
Glycine maxe1 - Treatment
- Harvesting at 20 to 22% grain moisturee1
- Outcome
- planting timinge1
- Direction
- earliere1
- Setting
- Princeton KYe3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Harvesting at 20 to 22% grain moisture, enabled an earlier planting timing of double crop soybeans which resulted in soybean yield increase”
e3“These studies were conducted in Princeton KY between 2016 and 2019”
Claim · model-written summary
Harvesting at 20 to 22% grain moisture was followed by a soybean yield increase.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe1
- Treatment
- Harvesting at 20 to 22% grain moisturee1
- Outcome
- soybean yielde1
- Direction
- increasee1
- Setting
- Princeton KYe3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Harvesting at 20 to 22% grain moisture, enabled an earlier planting timing of double crop soybeans which resulted in soybean yield increase”
e3“These studies were conducted in Princeton KY between 2016 and 2019”
Claim · model-written summary
Increased seeding rate increased double crop soybean yield.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe4
- Treatment
- Increased seeding ratee4
- Outcome
- double crop soybean yieldse4
- Direction
- increasede4
- Setting
- Princeton KYe3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“Increased seeding rate and the use of prophylactic R3 foliar pesticide application increased double crop soybean yields respectively”
e3“These studies were conducted in Princeton KY between 2016 and 2019”
Claim · model-written summary
Prophylactic R3 foliar pesticide application increased double crop soybean yield.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe4
- Treatment
- prophylactic R3 foliar pesticide applicatione4
- Outcome
- double crop soybean yieldse4
- Direction
- increasede4
- Setting
- Princeton KYe3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“Increased seeding rate and the use of prophylactic R3 foliar pesticide application increased double crop soybean yields respectively”
e3“These studies were conducted in Princeton KY between 2016 and 2019”
Claim · model-written summary
The use of seed treatment did not increase soybean seed yield.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe6
- Treatment
- seed treatmente5
- Outcome
- seed yielde5
- Direction
- did not increasee5
- Setting
- Princeton KYe3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“The use of seed treatment did not increase seed yield”
e6“evaluate double crop soybean planting timing”
e3“These studies were conducted in Princeton KY between 2016 and 2019”
Claim · model-written summary
Wheat intensive management treatments had negative net benefits.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Treatment
- wheat intensive management treatmentse1
- Outcome
- net benefitse1
- Setting
- Princeton KYe2
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Partial budget analysis indicate that the wheat intensive management treatments had negative net benefits”
e2“These studies were conducted in Princeton KY between 2016 and 2019”
Claim · model-written summary
Increased seeding rate had positive net benefits in the wheat and soybean rotation.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivume2
- Treatment
- increased seeding ratee1
- Outcome
- net benefitse1
- Setting
- Princeton KYe3
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“only the increased seeding rate and the use of prophylactic foliar pesticide application had positive net benefits”
e2“The winter wheat double crop soybean rotation”
e3“These studies were conducted in Princeton KY between 2016 and 2019”
Claim · model-written summary
Prophylactic foliar pesticide application had positive net benefits in the wheat and soybean rotation.
- Taxon
- winter wheatTriticum aestivume2
- Treatment
- prophylactic foliar pesticide applicatione1
- Outcome
- net benefitse1
- Setting
- Princeton KYe3
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“only the increased seeding rate and the use of prophylactic foliar pesticide application had positive net benefits”
e2“The winter wheat double crop soybean rotation”
e3“These studies were conducted in Princeton KY between 2016 and 2019”
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