Abstract
The effects of 19 days' treatment with three rates of superphosphate and four rates of ammonium nitrate application on the growth of wheat in a siliceous sand have been studied both during and after treatment. Severe necrosis of leaf tips developed after 7 days at high superphosphate and no ammonium nitrate. Plant tops with symptoms had high concentrations of phosphorus. Decreasing superphosphate or increasing ammonium nitrate gave lower phosphorus concentrations and fewer symptoms in plant tops. Ammonium nitrate depressed phosphorus concentrations by promoting top growth relative to root growth. Symptoms were ascribed to phosphorus toxicity. When plants with severe symptoms of phosphorus toxicity were transplanted to siliceous sand and watered with complete nutrient solution containing adequate phosphate, tillering was delayed and dry weights of tops, roots, and grains were depressed about 30%. Plants with symptoms of only moderate intensity recovered and grew as well as plants which initially had mild or no symptoms. The results suggest that the intensity of phosphorus toxicity reported to occur in cereal crops in the field is not likely to depress yields seriously.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
High superphosphate without ammonium nitrate caused severe leaf-tip necrosis after seven days.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivumt0 - Treatment
- high superphosphate and no ammonium nitratee0
- Outcome
- Severe necrosis of leaf tipse0
- Value
- 7 dayse0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Severe necrosis of leaf tips developed after 7 days at high superphosphate and no ammonium nitrate.”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Symptomatic wheat tops had high phosphorus concentrations.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Organ / stage
- Plant topse0
- Outcome
- concentrations of phosphoruse0
- Direction
- highe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Plant tops with symptoms had high concentrations of phosphorus.”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Reducing superphosphate lowered phosphorus concentrations and symptoms in wheat tops.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Decreasing superphosphatee0
- Outcome
- phosphorus concentrations and fewer symptomse0
- Direction
- lowere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Decreasing superphosphate or increasing ammonium nitrate gave lower phosphorus concentrations and fewer symptoms in plant tops.”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing ammonium nitrate lowered phosphorus concentrations and symptoms in wheat tops.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- increasing ammonium nitratee0
- Outcome
- phosphorus concentrations and fewer symptomse0
- Direction
- lowere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Decreasing superphosphate or increasing ammonium nitrate gave lower phosphorus concentrations and fewer symptoms in plant tops.”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Ammonium nitrate depressed phosphorus concentrations by promoting top growth relative to root growth.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Ammonium nitratee0
- Outcome
- phosphorus concentrationse0
- Direction
- depressede0
- Qualifier
- promoting top growth relative to root growthe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Ammonium nitrate depressed phosphorus concentrations by promoting top growth relative to root growth.”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Severe phosphorus toxicity delayed tillering after transplanting.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- severe symptoms of phosphorus toxicitye0
- Outcome
- tilleringe0
- Direction
- delayede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“When plants with severe symptoms of phosphorus toxicity were transplanted to siliceous sand and watered with complete nutrient solution containing adequate phosphate, tillering was delayed”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Severe phosphorus toxicity depressed top, root and grain dry weights by about 30% after transplanting.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- severe symptoms of phosphorus toxicitye1
- Outcome
- dry weights of tops, roots, and grainse0
- Direction
- depressede0
- Value
- about 30%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“dry weights of tops, roots, and grains were depressed about 30%”
e1“plants with severe symptoms of phosphorus toxicity were transplanted to siliceous sand”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Moderately symptomatic plants recovered and grew as well as initially mildly or asymptomatic plants.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- symptoms of only moderate intensitye0
- Outcome
- recovered and grewe0
- Direction
- as well ase0
- Comparator
- plants which initially had mild or no symptomse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Plants with symptoms of only moderate intensity recovered and grew as well as plants which initially had mild or no symptoms.”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors infer that field phosphorus toxicity in cereals is unlikely to seriously depress yield.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- not likely to depress yields seriouslye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the intensity of phosphorus toxicity reported to occur in cereal crops in the field is not likely to depress yields seriously”
t0“wheat”
The same questions in other papers
ammonium nitrate · disease · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
phosphorus · disease · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results
9 papers in the same direction as this paper · 6 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- no effect
- negative
12 papers more in this group
See all 16 papers →phosphorus · growth · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results
34 papers in the same direction as this paper · 158 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
189 papers more in this group
See all 193 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.