Abstract
Field experiments were conducted to determine optimum nozzle settings for applying glyphosate [ N -(phosphonomethyl)glycine] in the recirculating sprayer for postemergence control of johnsongrass [ Sorghum halepense (L.) Pers.] in soybeans [ Glycine max (L.) Merr.]. Herbicide sprays were directed across the row to johnsongrass growing taller than soybeans in July and August. Herbicide not sprayed on johnsongrass was trapped and reused. Glyphosate at 0.56, 1.12, and 2.24 kg/ha applied with commercially available 25° spray nozzles provided johnsongrass control and soybean yields equal to those following applications with specialized uniform droplet nozzles. Glyphosate at 1.7 kg/ha applied in the recirculating sprayer using only one nozzle per row provided control of johnsongrass equal to or better than that from applications made with two, three, or four nozzles per row. Soybean yield following application of glyphosate at 1.7 kg/ha with one nozzle per row was equal to yields obtained following its application with two, three, or four nozzles per row, with or without surfactant at 0.1% in spray solutions. Soybean yield was higher with four nozzles per row than with one nozzle per row when 0.5% surfactant was included in spray solutions. Soybean injury was lower and yield was higher when glyphosate was applied in the recirculating sprayer rather than over-the-top with a conventional sprayer. Glyphosate at 1.12 kg/ha applied in the recirculating sprayer caused more injury to ‘Hill’ and ‘Bragg’ than to ‘Forrest’ or ‘Tracy’ soybeans.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Commercial 25° nozzles gave johnsongrass control equal to uniform droplet nozzles.
- Taxon
- soybean
Glycine maxe0 - Treatment
- Glyphosate at 0.56, 1.12, and 2.24 kg/ha applied with commercially available 25° spray nozzlese0
- Interactor
- johnsongrass
.jpg?width=60)
Sorghum halepensee0weed - Outcome
- johnsongrass controle0
- Direction
- equal toe0
- Comparator
- specialized uniform droplet nozzlese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“Glyphosate at 0.56, 1.12, and 2.24 kg/ha applied with commercially available 25° spray nozzles provided johnsongrass control and soybean yields equal to those following applications with specialized uniform droplet nozzles.”
Claim · model-written summary
Commercial 25° nozzles gave soybean yield equal to uniform droplet nozzles.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- Glyphosate at 0.56, 1.12, and 2.24 kg/ha applied with commercially available 25° spray nozzlese0
- Outcome
- soybean yieldse0
- Direction
- equal toe0
- Comparator
- specialized uniform droplet nozzlese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Glyphosate at 0.56, 1.12, and 2.24 kg/ha applied with commercially available 25° spray nozzles provided johnsongrass control and soybean yields equal to those following applications with specialized uniform droplet nozzles.”
Claim · model-written summary
One nozzle per row controlled johnsongrass as well as or better than two to four nozzles.
- Taxon
- soybeansGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- Glyphosate at 1.7 kg/ha applied in the recirculating sprayer using only one nozzle per rowe0
- Interactor
- johnsongrassSorghum halepensee0weed
- Outcome
- control of johnsongrasse0
- Direction
- equal to or better thane0
- Comparator
- two, three, or four nozzles per rowe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Glyphosate at 1.7 kg/ha applied in the recirculating sprayer using only one nozzle per row provided control of johnsongrass equal to or better than that from applications made with two, three, or four nozzles per row.”
t0“Soybeans”
Claim · model-written summary
One nozzle per row gave soybean yield equal to two to four nozzles, with or without 0.1% surfactant.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- glyphosate at 1.7 kg/ha with one nozzle per rowe0
- Outcome
- Soybean yielde0
- Direction
- equal toe0
- Qualifier
- with or without surfactant at 0.1%e0
- Comparator
- two, three, or four nozzles per rowe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Soybean yield following application of glyphosate at 1.7 kg/ha with one nozzle per row was equal to yields obtained following its application with two, three, or four nozzles per row, with or without surfactant at 0.1% in spray solutions.”
Claim · model-written summary
With 0.5% surfactant, four nozzles produced higher soybean yield than one nozzle.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- four nozzles per rowe0
- Outcome
- Soybean yielde0
- Direction
- highere0
- Qualifier
- 0.5% surfactante0
- Comparator
- one nozzle per rowe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Soybean yield was higher with four nozzles per row than with one nozzle per row when 0.5% surfactant was included in spray solutions.”
Claim · model-written summary
The recirculating sprayer caused lower soybean injury than over-the-top conventional spraying.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- glyphosate was applied in the recirculating sprayere0
- Outcome
- Soybean injurye0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Comparator
- over-the-top with a conventional sprayere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Soybean injury was lower and yield was higher when glyphosate was applied in the recirculating sprayer rather than over-the-top with a conventional sprayer.”
Claim · model-written summary
The recirculating sprayer gave higher soybean yield than over-the-top conventional spraying.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- glyphosate was applied in the recirculating sprayere0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- over-the-top with a conventional sprayere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Soybean injury was lower and yield was higher when glyphosate was applied in the recirculating sprayer rather than over-the-top with a conventional sprayer.”
Claim · model-written summary
Glyphosate caused greater injury to Hill and Bragg than Forrest or Tracy soybeans.
- Taxon
- soybeansGlycine maxe0
- Material
- ‘Hill’ and ‘Bragg’e0
- Treatment
- Glyphosate at 1.12 kg/ha applied in the recirculating sprayere0
- Outcome
- injurye0
- Direction
- moree0
- Comparator
- ‘Forrest’ or ‘Tracy’e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Glyphosate at 1.12 kg/ha applied in the recirculating sprayer caused more injury to ‘Hill’ and ‘Bragg’ than to ‘Forrest’ or ‘Tracy’ soybeans.”
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See all 404 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.