Abstract
Salinity causes additional manufacture of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in plants, and ascorbate plays important role in maintaining of ROS scavenging antioxidant enzymes. In this study, the role of exogenous ascorbic acid (AsA) was examined on growth, chlorophyll and oxidative stress related enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants in three maize hybrids under NaCl mediated salt stress. In hydroponic culture, AsA was applied at 0.5 and 1.0 mM with and without 12 dSm-1 NaCl, each treatment comprised two independent experiments with three replications. After four weeks, plants were harvested for recording growth and biochemical parameters. Root length, shoot length, dry matter accumulation, chlorophyll (Chl a and Chl b), AsA, reduced glutathione (GSH) and activity of ascorbate peroxidase (APX) were markedly reduced by salt stress, while H2O2 and Malondialdehyde (MDA) content were increased significantly. Exogenous application of AsA in saline treatment significantly improved root length, shoot length, dry matter accumulation, chlorophyll, AsA, GSH and APX activity while it decreased the contents of oxidized glutathione (GSSG) significantly in all the hybrids. However, content of dehydroascorbate (DHA) was reduced only in 900M Gold and PS-999. On the other hand, activity of monodehydroascorbatereductase (MDHAR) was increased only in Super gold and 900M gold (by 0.5 mM AsA) while dehydroascorbatereductase (DHAR) activity increased in Super gold only. The results of the present study evidently concluded that exogenous AsA application responded differentially in maize genotypes under salt stress and mitigated the negative effects of salinity. Key words: Maize, salinity, reactive oxygen species, antioxidant, ascorbic acid.
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Claims 14
Claim · model-written summary
Salt stress reduced root length, shoot length and dry matter accumulation in maize
- Treatment
- salt stresse2
- Outcome
- root length, shoot length, dry matter accumulatione2
- Direction
- reducede2
- Setting
- hydroponic culturee0
Zea maysNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In hydroponic culture, AsA was applied at 0.5 and 1.0 mM with and without 12 dSm-1 NaCl”
e1“three maize hybrids under NaCl mediated salt stress”
e2“Root length, shoot length, dry matter accumulation, chlorophyll (Chl a and Chl b), AsA, reduced glutathione (GSH) and activity of ascorbate peroxidase (APX) were markedly reduced by salt stress”
Claim · model-written summary
Salt stress reduced chlorophyll, AsA and reduced glutathione (GSH) in maize
- Treatment
- salt stresse2
- Outcome
- chlorophyll (Chl a and Chl b), AsA, reduced glutathione (GSH)e2
- Direction
- reducede2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“three maize hybrids under NaCl mediated salt stress”
e2“Root length, shoot length, dry matter accumulation, chlorophyll (Chl a and Chl b), AsA, reduced glutathione (GSH) and activity of ascorbate peroxidase (APX) were markedly reduced by salt stress”
Claim · model-written summary
Salt stress reduced ascorbate peroxidase (APX) activity in maize
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“three maize hybrids under NaCl mediated salt stress”
e2“Root length, shoot length, dry matter accumulation, chlorophyll (Chl a and Chl b), AsA, reduced glutathione (GSH) and activity of ascorbate peroxidase (APX) were markedly reduced by salt stress”
Claim · model-written summary
Salt stress increased H2O2 and malondialdehyde content in maize
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“three maize hybrids under NaCl mediated salt stress”
e2“Root length, shoot length, dry matter accumulation, chlorophyll (Chl a and Chl b), AsA, reduced glutathione (GSH) and activity of ascorbate peroxidase (APX) were markedly reduced by salt stress”
e3“while H2O2 and Malondialdehyde (MDA) content were increased significantly”
Claim · model-written summary
Exogenous AsA significantly improved root length, shoot length and dry matter accumulation of salt-stressed maize
- Material
- all the hybridse4
- Treatment
- Exogenous application of AsAe4
- Outcome
- root length, shoot length, dry matter accumulatione4
- Direction
- improvede4
- Comparator
- saline treatmente4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“three maize hybrids under NaCl mediated salt stress”
e4“Exogenous application of AsA in saline treatment significantly improved root length, shoot length, dry matter accumulation, chlorophyll, AsA, GSH and APX activity while it decreased the contents of oxidized glutathione (GSSG) significantly in all the hybrids”
Claim · model-written summary
Exogenous AsA significantly improved chlorophyll, AsA and GSH of salt-stressed maize
- Material
- all the hybridse4
- Treatment
- Exogenous application of AsAe4
- Outcome
- chlorophyll, AsA, GSHe4
- Direction
- improvede4
- Comparator
- saline treatmente4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“three maize hybrids under NaCl mediated salt stress”
e4“Exogenous application of AsA in saline treatment significantly improved root length, shoot length, dry matter accumulation, chlorophyll, AsA, GSH and APX activity while it decreased the contents of oxidized glutathione (GSSG) significantly in all the hybrids”
Claim · model-written summary
Exogenous AsA significantly improved ascorbate peroxidase (APX) activity of salt-stressed maize
- Material
- all the hybridse4
- Treatment
- Exogenous application of AsAe4
- Outcome
- APX activitye4
- Direction
- improvede4
- Comparator
- saline treatmente4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“three maize hybrids under NaCl mediated salt stress”
e4“Exogenous application of AsA in saline treatment significantly improved root length, shoot length, dry matter accumulation, chlorophyll, AsA, GSH and APX activity while it decreased the contents of oxidized glutathione (GSSG) significantly in all the hybrids”
Claim · model-written summary
Exogenous AsA significantly decreased oxidized glutathione (GSSG) content of salt-stressed maize
- Material
- all the hybridse4
- Treatment
- Exogenous application of AsAe4
- Outcome
- contents of oxidized glutathione (GSSG)e4
- Direction
- decreasede4
- Comparator
- saline treatmente4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“three maize hybrids under NaCl mediated salt stress”
e4“Exogenous application of AsA in saline treatment significantly improved root length, shoot length, dry matter accumulation, chlorophyll, AsA, GSH and APX activity while it decreased the contents of oxidized glutathione (GSSG) significantly in all the hybrids”
Claim · model-written summary
AsA reduced dehydroascorbate (DHA) content only in 900M Gold maize
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“three maize hybrids under NaCl mediated salt stress”
e0“In hydroponic culture, AsA was applied at 0.5 and 1.0 mM with and without 12 dSm-1 NaCl”
e5“However, content of dehydroascorbate (DHA) was reduced only in 900M Gold and PS-999”
Claim · model-written summary
AsA reduced dehydroascorbate (DHA) content only in PS-999 maize
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“three maize hybrids under NaCl mediated salt stress”
e0“In hydroponic culture, AsA was applied at 0.5 and 1.0 mM with and without 12 dSm-1 NaCl”
e5“However, content of dehydroascorbate (DHA) was reduced only in 900M Gold and PS-999”
Claim · model-written summary
AsA increased monodehydroascorbate reductase (MDHAR) activity only in Super gold maize
- Material
- Super golde6
- Treatment
- 0.5 mM AsAe6
- Outcome
- activity of monodehydroascorbatereductase (MDHAR)e6
- Direction
- increasede6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“three maize hybrids under NaCl mediated salt stress”
e0“In hydroponic culture, AsA was applied at 0.5 and 1.0 mM with and without 12 dSm-1 NaCl”
e6“On the other hand, activity of monodehydroascorbatereductase (MDHAR) was increased only in Super gold and 900M gold (by 0.5 mM AsA)”
Claim · model-written summary
AsA increased monodehydroascorbate reductase (MDHAR) activity only in 900M gold maize
- Material
- 900M golde6
- Treatment
- 0.5 mM AsAe6
- Outcome
- activity of monodehydroascorbatereductase (MDHAR)e6
- Direction
- increasede6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“three maize hybrids under NaCl mediated salt stress”
e0“In hydroponic culture, AsA was applied at 0.5 and 1.0 mM with and without 12 dSm-1 NaCl”
e6“On the other hand, activity of monodehydroascorbatereductase (MDHAR) was increased only in Super gold and 900M gold (by 0.5 mM AsA)”
Claim · model-written summary
AsA increased dehydroascorbate reductase (DHAR) activity only in Super gold maize
- Material
- Super golde7
- Treatment
- AsAe0
- Outcome
- dehydroascorbatereductase (DHAR) activitye7
- Direction
- increasede7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“three maize hybrids under NaCl mediated salt stress”
e0“In hydroponic culture, AsA was applied at 0.5 and 1.0 mM with and without 12 dSm-1 NaCl”
e7“while dehydroascorbatereductase (DHAR) activity increased in Super gold only”
Claim · model-written summary
Exogenous AsA mitigated the negative effects of salinity in maize, with a differential response among genotypes
- Material
- maize genotypese7
- Treatment
- exogenous AsA applicatione7
- Outcome
- negative effects of salinitye7
- Direction
- mitigatede7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e7“exogenous AsA application responded differentially in maize genotypes under salt stress and mitigated the negative effects of salinity”
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