Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) is extensively involved in various growth processes and stress responses in plants; however, the regulatory mechanism of NO-modulated cellular sugar metabolism is still largely unknown. Here, we report that NO significantly inhibited monosaccharide catabolism by modulating sugar metabolic enzymes through S-nitrosylation (mainly by oxidizing dihydrolipoamide, a cofactor of pyruvate dehydrogenase). These S-nitrosylation modifications led to a decrease in cellular glycolysis enzymes and ATP synthase activities as well as declines in the content of acetyl coenzyme A, ATP, ADP-glucose and UDP-glucose, which eventually caused polysaccharide-biosynthesis inhibition and monosaccharide accumulation. Plant developmental defects that were caused by high levels of NO included delayed flowering time, retarded root growth and reduced starch granule formation. These phenotypic defects could be mediated by sucrose supplementation, suggesting an essential role of NO-sugar cross-talks in plant growth and development. Our findings suggest that molecular manipulations could be used to improve fruit and vegetable sweetness.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
NO significantly inhibited monosaccharide catabolism by modulating sugar metabolic enzymes through S-nitrosylation, mainly by oxidizing dihydrolipoamide, a cofactor of pyruvate dehydrogenase.
Verbatim
e0“stress responses in plants”
e1“NO significantly inhibited monosaccharide catabolism by modulating sugar metabolic enzymes through S-nitrosylation (mainly by oxidizing dihydrolipoamide, a cofactor of pyruvate dehydrogenase)”
Claim · model-written summary
S-nitrosylation modifications decreased cellular glycolysis enzymes and ATP synthase activities.
Verbatim
e0“stress responses in plants”
e1“These S-nitrosylation modifications led to a decrease in cellular glycolysis enzymes and ATP synthase activities as well as declines in the content of acetyl coenzyme A, ATP, ADP-glucose and UDP-glucose, which eventually caused polysaccharide-biosynthesis inhibition and monosaccharide accumulation”
Claim · model-written summary
S-nitrosylation modifications led to declines in the content of acetyl coenzyme A and ATP.
- Taxon
- plantsViridiplantaee0
- Treatment
- S-nitrosylation modificationse1
- Outcome
- acetyl coenzyme A, ATPe1
- Direction
- declinese1
Verbatim
e0“stress responses in plants”
e1“These S-nitrosylation modifications led to a decrease in cellular glycolysis enzymes and ATP synthase activities as well as declines in the content of acetyl coenzyme A, ATP, ADP-glucose and UDP-glucose, which eventually caused polysaccharide-biosynthesis inhibition and monosaccharide accumulation”
Claim · model-written summary
S-nitrosylation modifications led to declines in the content of ADP-glucose and UDP-glucose.
- Taxon
- plantsViridiplantaee0
- Treatment
- S-nitrosylation modificationse1
- Outcome
- ADP-glucose and UDP-glucosee1
- Direction
- declinese1
Verbatim
e0“stress responses in plants”
e1“These S-nitrosylation modifications led to a decrease in cellular glycolysis enzymes and ATP synthase activities as well as declines in the content of acetyl coenzyme A, ATP, ADP-glucose and UDP-glucose, which eventually caused polysaccharide-biosynthesis inhibition and monosaccharide accumulation”
Claim · model-written summary
These changes eventually caused inhibition of polysaccharide biosynthesis.
- Taxon
- plantsViridiplantaee0
- Treatment
- S-nitrosylation modificationse1
- Outcome
- polysaccharide-biosynthesis inhibitione1
- Direction
- inhibitione1
Verbatim
e0“stress responses in plants”
e1“These S-nitrosylation modifications led to a decrease in cellular glycolysis enzymes and ATP synthase activities as well as declines in the content of acetyl coenzyme A, ATP, ADP-glucose and UDP-glucose, which eventually caused polysaccharide-biosynthesis inhibition and monosaccharide accumulation”
Claim · model-written summary
These changes eventually caused monosaccharide accumulation.
- Taxon
- plantsViridiplantaee0
- Treatment
- S-nitrosylation modificationse1
- Outcome
- monosaccharide accumulatione1
- Direction
- accumulatione1
Verbatim
e0“stress responses in plants”
e1“These S-nitrosylation modifications led to a decrease in cellular glycolysis enzymes and ATP synthase activities as well as declines in the content of acetyl coenzyme A, ATP, ADP-glucose and UDP-glucose, which eventually caused polysaccharide-biosynthesis inhibition and monosaccharide accumulation”
Claim · model-written summary
High levels of NO delayed flowering time in plants.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e1“Plant developmental defects that were caused by high levels of NO included delayed flowering time, retarded root growth and reduced starch granule formation”
Claim · model-written summary
High levels of NO retarded root growth in plants.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e1“Plant developmental defects that were caused by high levels of NO included delayed flowering time, retarded root growth and reduced starch granule formation”
Claim · model-written summary
High levels of NO reduced starch granule formation in plants.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e1“Plant developmental defects that were caused by high levels of NO included delayed flowering time, retarded root growth and reduced starch granule formation”
Claim · model-written summary
The phenotypic defects could be mediated by sucrose supplementation.
- Taxon
- plantsViridiplantaee0
- Treatment
- sucrose supplementatione1
- Outcome
- phenotypic defectse1
- Direction
- mediatede1
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“stress responses in plants”
e1“These phenotypic defects could be mediated by sucrose supplementation”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors suggest an essential role of NO-sugar cross-talk in plant growth and development.
Verbatim
e1“suggesting an essential role of NO-sugar cross-talks in plant growth and development”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors suggest that molecular manipulations could be used to improve fruit and vegetable sweetness.
Verbatim
e1“molecular manipulations could be used to improve fruit and vegetable sweetness”