Abstract
The effects of field dodder on physiological and anatomical processes in untreated sugar beet plants and the effects of propyzamide on field dodder were examined under controlled conditions. The experiment included the following variants: N—noninfested sugar beet plants (control); I - infested sugar beet plants (untreated), and infested plants treated with propyzamide (1500 g a.i. ha−1 (T1) and 2000 g a.i. ha−1(T2)). The following parameters were checked: physiological—pigment contents (chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total carotenoids); anatomical -leaf parameters: thickness of epidermis, parenchyma and spongy tissue, mesophyll and underside leaf epidermis, and diameter of bundle sheath cells; petiole parameters: diameter of tracheid, petiole hydraulic conductance, xylem surface, phloem cell diameter and phloem area in sugar beet plants. A conventional paraffin wax method was used to prepare the samples for microscopy. Pigment contents were measured spectrophotometrically after methanol extraction. All parameters were measured: prior to herbicide application (0 assessment), then 7, 14, 21, 28 and 35 days after application (DAA). Field dodder was found to affect the pigment contents in untreated sugar beet plants, causing significant reductions. Conversely, reduction in the treated plants decreased 27% to 4% for chlorophyll a, from 21% to 5% for chlorophyll b, and from 28% to 5% for carotenoids (T1). Also, in treatment T2, reduction decreased in infested and treated plants from 19% to 2% for chlorophyll a, from 21% to 2% for chlorophyll b, from 23% to 3% for carotenoids and stimulation of 1% and 2% was observed 28 and 35 DAA, respectively. Plants infested (untreated) by field dodder had lower values of most anatomical parameters, compared to noninfested plants. The measured anatomical parameters of sugar beet leaves and petiole had significantly higher values in noninfested plants and plants treated with propyzamide than in untreated plants. Also, the results showed that propyzamide is an adequate herbicide for control of field dodder at the stage of early infestation.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
Field dodder significantly reduced pigment contents of untreated sugar beet.
- Taxon
- sugar beet
Beta vulgaris subsp. vulgarise0 - Treatment
- Field doddere0
- Interactor
- Field dodder
Cuscuta campestrise0parasite - Outcome
- pigment contentse0
- Direction
- reductionse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Field dodder was found to affect the pigment contents in untreated sugar beet plants, causing significant reductions.”
Claim · model-written summary
At T1, the chlorophyll a reduction decreased from 27% to 4%.
Not reportedTaxonComparator
Verbatim
e0“reduction in the treated plants decreased 27% to 4% for chlorophyll a”
Claim · model-written summary
At T1, the chlorophyll b reduction decreased from 21% to 5%.
Not reportedTaxonTreatmentComparatorDirection
Verbatim
e0“from 21% to 5% for chlorophyll b”
Claim · model-written summary
At T1, carotenoid reduction decreased from 28% to 5%.
Not reportedTaxonComparatorDirection
Verbatim
e0“from 28% to 5% for carotenoids (T1).”
Claim · model-written summary
At T2, chlorophyll a reduction decreased from 19% to 2%.
Not reportedTaxonComparator
Verbatim
e0“reduction decreased in infested and treated plants from 19% to 2% for chlorophyll a”
Claim · model-written summary
At T2, chlorophyll b reduction decreased from 21% to 2%.
Not reportedTaxonTreatmentComparatorDirection
Verbatim
e0“from 21% to 2% for chlorophyll b”
Claim · model-written summary
At T2, carotenoid reduction decreased from 23% to 3%.
Not reportedTaxonTreatmentComparatorDirection
Verbatim
e0“from 23% to 3% for carotenoids”
Claim · model-written summary
T2 produced 1% stimulation at 28 DAA.
Not reportedTaxonTreatmentComparator
Verbatim
e0“stimulation of 1% and 2% was observed 28 and 35 DAA, respectively.”
Claim · model-written summary
T2 produced 2% stimulation at 35 DAA.
Not reportedTaxonTreatmentComparator
Verbatim
e0“stimulation of 1% and 2% was observed 28 and 35 DAA, respectively.”
Claim · model-written summary
Dodder-infested untreated plants had lower values for most anatomical parameters than noninfested plants.
- Treatment
- field doddere0
- Interactor
- field dodderCuscuta campestrise0parasite
- Outcome
- most anatomical parameterse0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Comparator
- noninfested plantse0
Not reportedTaxon
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Plants infested (untreated) by field dodder had lower values of most anatomical parameters, compared to noninfested plants.”
Claim · model-written summary
Noninfested sugar beet plants had significantly higher leaf and petiole anatomical values than untreated plants.
- Taxon
- sugar beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarise0
- Treatment
- noninfested plantse0
- Outcome
- anatomical parameters of sugar beet leaves and petiolee0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- untreated plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The measured anatomical parameters of sugar beet leaves and petiole had significantly higher values in noninfested plants and plants treated with propyzamide than in untreated plants.”
Claim · model-written summary
Propyzamide-treated sugar beet plants had significantly higher leaf and petiole anatomical values than untreated plants.
- Taxon
- sugar beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarise0
- Treatment
- plants treated with propyzamidee0
- Outcome
- anatomical parameters of sugar beet leaves and petiolee0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- untreated plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The measured anatomical parameters of sugar beet leaves and petiole had significantly higher values in noninfested plants and plants treated with propyzamide than in untreated plants.”
Claim · model-written summary
Propyzamide was deemed adequate for control of field dodder at early infestation.
- Treatment
- propyzamidee0
- Interactor
- field dodderCuscuta campestrise0parasite
- Outcome
- control of field dodder at the stage of early infestatione0
Not reportedTaxon
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“propyzamide is an adequate herbicide for control of field dodder at the stage of early infestation.”
The same questions in other papers
Cuscuta campestris · physiology: pigments · Beta vulgaris (beet)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- negative
- negative
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.