Abstract
The expression of cold-induced genes is critical for plants to survive under freezing stress. However, the underlying mechanisms for the decision of when, where, and which genes to express are unclear when a plant meets a sudden temperature drop. Previous studies have demonstrated epigenetics to play a central role in the regulation of gene expression in plant responses to environmental stress. DNA methylation and histone deacetylation are the two most important epigenetic modifications. This study was conducted to investigate the effects of inhibiting DNA methylation and histone deacetylation on gene expression, and to explore the potential role of epigenetics in plant responses to cold stress. The results revealed that histone deacetylase inhibitors (trichostatin A) and DNA methylation inhibitors (5-Aza-2'-deoxycytosine) treatment enhanced cold tolerance. DNA microarray analysis and the gene ontology method revealed 76 cold-induced differently expressed genes in Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings that were treated to 0°C for 24 h following Trichostatin A and 5-Aza-2'-Deoxycytidine. Furthermore, analyses of metabolic pathways and transcription factors of 3305 differentially expressed genes were performed. Each four metabolic pathways were significantly affected (p < 0.01) by Trichostatin A and 5-Aza-2'-Deoxycytidine. Finally, 10 genes were randomly selected and verified via qPCR analysis. Our study indicated that Trichostatin A and 5-Aza-2'-Deoxycytidine can improve the plant cold resistance and influence the expression of the cold-induced gene in A. thaliana. This result will advance our understanding of plant freezing responses and may provide a helpful strategy for cold tolerance improvement in crops.
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Claims 5
Claim · model-written summary
Histone deacetylase inhibitor trichostatin A enhanced cold tolerance in Arabidopsis.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thaliana
Arabidopsis thalianae6 - Treatment
- histone deacetylase inhibitors (trichostatin A)e5
- Outcome
- cold tolerancee5
- Direction
- enhancede5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“The results revealed that histone deacetylase inhibitors (trichostatin A) and DNA methylation inhibitors (5-Aza-2'-deoxycytosine) treatment enhanced cold tolerance”
e6“DNA microarray analysis and the gene ontology method revealed 76 cold-induced differently expressed genes in Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings that were treated to 0°C for 24 h following Trichostatin A and 5-Aza-2'-Deoxycytidine”
Claim · model-written summary
DNA methylation inhibitor 5-Aza-2'-deoxycytosine enhanced cold tolerance in Arabidopsis.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianae6
- Treatment
- DNA methylation inhibitors (5-Aza-2'-deoxycytosine)e5
- Outcome
- cold tolerancee5
- Direction
- enhancede5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“The results revealed that histone deacetylase inhibitors (trichostatin A) and DNA methylation inhibitors (5-Aza-2'-deoxycytosine) treatment enhanced cold tolerance”
e6“DNA microarray analysis and the gene ontology method revealed 76 cold-induced differently expressed genes in Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings that were treated to 0°C for 24 h following Trichostatin A and 5-Aza-2'-Deoxycytidine”
Claim · model-written summary
Trichostatin A and 5-Aza-2'-Deoxycytidine treatment changed the expression of 76 cold-induced genes in Arabidopsis seedlings held at 0°C for 24 h.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianae6
- Organ / stage
- seedlingse6
- Treatment
- Trichostatin A and 5-Aza-2'-Deoxycytidinee6
- Outcome
- cold-induced differently expressed genese6
- Value
- 76e6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e6“DNA microarray analysis and the gene ontology method revealed 76 cold-induced differently expressed genes in Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings that were treated to 0°C for 24 h following Trichostatin A and 5-Aza-2'-Deoxycytidine”
Claim · model-written summary
Trichostatin A and 5-Aza-2'-Deoxycytidine significantly affected four metabolic pathways of Arabidopsis cold-induced gene expression.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianae6
- Treatment
- Trichostatin A and 5-Aza-2'-Deoxycytidinee7
- Outcome
- metabolic pathwayse7
- Value
- foure7
- Qualifier
- p < 0.01e7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e6“DNA microarray analysis and the gene ontology method revealed 76 cold-induced differently expressed genes in Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings that were treated to 0°C for 24 h following Trichostatin A and 5-Aza-2'-Deoxycytidine”
e7“Each four metabolic pathways were significantly affected (p < 0.01) by Trichostatin A and 5-Aza-2'-Deoxycytidine”
Claim · model-written summary
Ten randomly selected genes were verified by qPCR.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianae6
- Outcome
- verified via qPCR analysise7
- Value
- 10 genese7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e6“DNA microarray analysis and the gene ontology method revealed 76 cold-induced differently expressed genes in Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings that were treated to 0°C for 24 h following Trichostatin A and 5-Aza-2'-Deoxycytidine”
e7“Finally, 10 genes were randomly selected and verified via qPCR analysis”
The same questions in other papers
EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor · tolerance: abiotic · Arabidopsis thaliana (thale cress)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.