Abstract
Abstract Development of a eukaryotic karyotype relies on identification of individual chromosomes in the species, which has been accomplished only in a limited... Developing the karyotype of a eukaryotic species relies on identification of individual chromosomes, which has been a major challenge for most nonmodel plant and animal species. We developed a novel chromosome identification system by selecting and labeling oligonucleotides (oligos) located in specific regions on every chromosome. We selected a set of 54,672 oligos (45 nt) based on single copy DNA sequences in the potato genome. These oligos generated 26 distinct FISH signals that can be used as a “bar code” or “banding pattern” to uniquely label each of the 12 chromosomes from both diploid and polyploid (4× and 6×) potato species. Remarkably, the same bar code can be used to identify the 12 homeologous chromosomes among distantly related Solanum species, including tomato and eggplant. Accurate karyotypes based on individually identified chromosomes were established in six Solanum species that have diverged for >15 MY. These six species have maintained a similar karyotype; however, modifications to the FISH signal bar code led to the discovery of two reciprocal chromosomal translocations in Solanum etuberosum and S. caripense. We also validated these translocations by oligo-based chromosome painting. We demonstrate that the oligo-based FISH techniques are powerful new tools for chromosome identification and karyotyping research, especially for nonmodel plant species.
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Claims 5
Claim · model-written summary
Oligo probes generated 26 distinct FISH signals in potato.
- Taxon
- potato
Solanum tuberosume0 - Outcome
- distinct FISH signalse1
- Value
- 26e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“based on single copy DNA sequences in the potato genome”
e1“These oligos generated 26 distinct FISH signals”
Claim · model-written summary
The same barcode identified the 12 homeologous chromosomes among distantly related Solanum species.
SolanumOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“the same bar code can be used to identify the 12 homeologous chromosomes among distantly related Solanum species”
Claim · model-written summary
Accurate karyotypes based on individually identified chromosomes were established in six Solanum species.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e3“Accurate karyotypes based on individually identified chromosomes were established in six Solanum species”
Claim · model-written summary
Two reciprocal chromosomal translocations were found in Solanum etuberosum and S. caripense.
- Taxon
- Solanum etuberosum
.jpg?width=60)
Solanum etuberosume4 - Outcome
- reciprocal chromosomal translocationse4
- Value
- twoe4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e4“modifications to the FISH signal bar code led to the discovery of two reciprocal chromosomal translocations in Solanum etuberosum and S. caripense”
Claim · model-written summary
Oligo-based chromosome painting validated the translocations.
- Taxon
- Solanum etuberosumSolanum etuberosume4
- Outcome
- these translocationse5
- Comparator
- oligo-based chromosome paintinge5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“modifications to the FISH signal bar code led to the discovery of two reciprocal chromosomal translocations in Solanum etuberosum and S. caripense”
e5“We also validated these translocations by oligo-based chromosome painting”