Abstract
Indonesia is one of the world’s largest fresh pepper (Capsicum spp.) fruit-producing countries, and hot peppers are essential spices in Indonesian cuisine. During the last two decades, begomovirus, which is transmitted by the whitefly, Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius), and causes pepper yellow leaf curl disease, began to cause a huge economic loss by damaging pepper plants in Indonesia. In the present study, a highly efficient inoculation method was established for Pepper yellow leaf curl Indonesia virus (PepYLCIV), the most infectious bipartite begomovirus in pepper plants cultivated in North Sumatra, by combining agroinoculation and subsequent grafting. Partial tandem repeats of PepYLCIV DNA A and B were constructed and cloned into a binary pGreenII vector, and their infectivity was tested. Co-inoculation of Nicotiana benthamiana L. and Solanum lycopersicum L. ‘Momotaro’ with PepYLCIV DNA A and DNA B resulted in the production of typical begomoviral symptoms. Both the injection of the cotyledons with cultured agrobacteria and the inoculation of the hypocotyl with agrobacterial colonies induced viral symptoms in pepper No. 218 (C. annuum L.) seedlings in approximately 55–75%. When agroinoculated symptomatic No. 218 was grafted onto an uninfected ‘Takanotsume’ (C. annuum), all newly elongated shoots from the rootstock of ‘Takanotsume’ produced typical begomoviral symptoms. Agroinoculation combined with subsequent grafting provides a highly efficient method for introducing PepYLCIV into pepper plants.
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Claims 5
Claim · model-written summary
PepYLCIV DNA A and B co-inoculation induced typical symptoms in Nicotiana benthamiana.
- Taxon
- Nicotiana benthamiana L.
Nicotiana benthamianae0 - Treatment
- Co-inoculatione0
- Interactor
- PepYLCIVe0pathogen
- Outcome
- typical begomoviral symptomse0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Co-inoculation of Nicotiana benthamiana L. and Solanum lycopersicum L. ‘Momotaro’ with PepYLCIV DNA A and DNA B resulted in the production of typical begomoviral symptoms.”
t0“Capsicums”
Claim · model-written summary
PepYLCIV DNA A and B co-inoculation induced typical symptoms in tomato Momotaro.
- Taxon
- Solanum lycopersicum L.
Solanum lycopersicume0 - Material
- ‘Momotaro’e0
- Treatment
- Co-inoculatione0
- Interactor
- PepYLCIVe0pathogen
- Outcome
- typical begomoviral symptomse0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Co-inoculation of Nicotiana benthamiana L. and Solanum lycopersicum L. ‘Momotaro’ with PepYLCIV DNA A and DNA B resulted in the production of typical begomoviral symptoms.”
t0“Capsicums”
Claim · model-written summary
Cotyledon injection induced viral symptoms in approximately 55–75% of pepper No. 218 seedlings.
- Taxon
- peppere0
- Material
- No. 218e0
- Treatment
- injection of the cotyledons with cultured agrobacteriae0
- Outcome
- viral symptomse0
- Value
- 55–75%e0
Not reportedInteractor
Verbatim
e0“Both the injection of the cotyledons with cultured agrobacteria and the inoculation of the hypocotyl with agrobacterial colonies induced viral symptoms in pepper No. 218 (C. annuum L.) seedlings in approximately 55–75%.”
t0“Capsicums”
Claim · model-written summary
Hypocotyl inoculation induced viral symptoms in approximately 55–75% of pepper No. 218 seedlings.
Verbatim
e0“Both the injection of the cotyledons with cultured agrobacteria and the inoculation of the hypocotyl with agrobacterial colonies induced viral symptoms in pepper No. 218 (C. annuum L.) seedlings in approximately 55–75%.”
t0“Capsicums”
Claim · model-written summary
Grafting symptomatic No. 218 onto uninfected Takanotsume gave symptoms in every new rootstock shoot.
- Taxon
- C. annuum
Capsicum annuume0 - Material
- ‘Takanotsume’e0
- Treatment
- agroinoculated symptomatic No. 218 was grafted onto an uninfected ‘Takanotsume’e0
- Outcome
- typical begomoviral symptomse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“When agroinoculated symptomatic No. 218 was grafted onto an uninfected ‘Takanotsume’ (C. annuum), all newly elongated shoots from the rootstock of ‘Takanotsume’ produced typical begomoviral symptoms.”
t0“Capsicums”
The same questions in other papers
inoculation · disease · Nicotiana benthamianaPositive and negative results
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- positive
- positive
- positive
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See all 40 papers →inoculation · disease · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Positive and negative results
129 papers in the same direction as this paper · 136 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
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See all 266 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.