Abstract
Sweet corn kernels were used in this research to study the dynamics of vitamin E, by evaluatingthe expression levels of genes involved in vitamin E synthesis, the accumulation of vitamin E, and the antioxidant activity during the different stage of kernel development. Results showed that expression levels of ZmHPT and ZmTC genes increased, whereas ZmTMT gene dramatically decreased during kernel development. The contents of all the types of vitamin E in sweet corn had a significant upward increase during kernel development, and reached the highest level at 30 days after pollination (DAP). Amongst the eight isomers of vitamin E, the content of γ-tocotrienol was the highest, and increased by 14.9 folds, followed by α-tocopherolwith an increase of 22 folds, and thecontents of isomers γ-tocopherol, α-tocotrienol, δ-tocopherol,δ-tocotrienol, and β-tocopherol were also followed during kernel development. The antioxidant activity of sweet corn during kernel development was increased, and was up to 101.8 ± 22.3 μmol of α-tocopherol equivlent/100 g in fresh weight (FW) at 30 DAP. There was a positive correlation between vitamin E contents and antioxidant activity in sweet corn during the kernel development, and a negative correlation between the expressions of ZmTMT gene and vitamin E contents. These results revealed the relations amongst the content of vitamin E isomers and the gene expression, vitamin E accumulation, and antioxidant activity. The study can provide a harvesting strategy for vitamin E bio-fortification in sweet corn.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
ZmHPT and ZmTC expression increased during kernel development.
Verbatim
e0“expression levels of ZmHPT and ZmTC genes increased, whereas ZmTMT gene dramatically decreased during kernel development”
t0“Sweet Corn (Zea mays L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
ZmTMT expression decreased during kernel development.
Verbatim
e0“ZmTMT gene dramatically decreased during kernel development”
t0“Sweet Corn (Zea mays L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Vitamin E contents significantly increased during kernel development and peaked at 30 DAP.
Verbatim
e0“The contents of all the types of vitamin E in sweet corn had a significant upward increase during kernel development, and reached the highest level at 30 days after pollination (DAP)”
Claim · model-written summary
γ-tocotrienol content was highest and increased 14.9 folds.
Verbatim
e0“the content of γ-tocotrienol was the highest, and increased by 14.9 folds”
t0“Sweet Corn (Zea mays L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
α-tocopherol content increased 22 folds.
Verbatim
e0“α-tocopherolwith an increase of 22 folds”
t0“Sweet Corn (Zea mays L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Antioxidant activity increased to 101.8 ± 22.3 μmol of α-tocopherol equivalent per 100 g fresh weight at 30 DAP.
Verbatim
e0“The antioxidant activity of sweet corn during kernel development was increased, and was up to 101.8 ± 22.3 μmol of α-tocopherol equivlent/100 g in fresh weight (FW) at 30 DAP”
Claim · model-written summary
Vitamin E contents were positively correlated with antioxidant activity during kernel development.
Verbatim
e0“There was a positive correlation between vitamin E contents and antioxidant activity in sweet corn during the kernel development”
Claim · model-written summary
ZmTMT expression was negatively correlated with vitamin E contents.
Verbatim
e0“a negative correlation between the expressions of ZmTMT gene and vitamin E contents”
t0“Sweet Corn (Zea mays L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors propose harvesting strategy for vitamin E bio-fortification in sweet corn.
Verbatim
e0“The study can provide a harvesting strategy for vitamin E bio-fortification in sweet corn”