Eficiencia de uso del nitrógeno en maíz fertilizado de forma orgánica y mineral

Abstract

The sustainable production of grains, such as corn, has a national and global priority in order to safeguard food security and the environment that have a controversy finding a balance between productivity and the generated pollution. This research evaluates the dynamics of N (nitrogen) in soil and plant. The objective of this research was to evaluate the effects that the use of organic fertilizers (OF) and conventional mineral fertilization (CMF) can provoke on the efficiency of N use in corn crops. The maize cultivation happened at the Atlantic Coastal Regional Center University (CURLA), Honduras, and the Tuxpeño corn variety was planted between the months of June to December of 2015. The experimental design consisted on random complete blocks with five treatments and four repetitions. They evaluated different crop phonological stages, in soil they evaluated: total N, ammonium, nitrate, temperature, and volumetric moisture; and in the plant they evaluated: N, dry grain yield, efficiency of nutrient use for N in terms of agronomic efficiency (AE), physiological efficiency (PE), and recovery efficiency (ER). The CMF and the OF generated relevant changes in the dynamics of N in soil and plant, mineral fertilization promoted a greater efficiency of nitrogen use in corn according to the indicators of: agronomic efficiency, recovery efficiency, and grain yield.

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