Abstract
Cytological diploidization process is different in autopolyploid and allopolyploid species. Colchicine applied at the onset of meiosis suppresses the effect of pairing regulator genes resulting multivalents formation in bivalent-forming species. Colchicine treated maizes (4x = 2n = 20, AmAmBmBm) showed up to 5IV, suggesting pairing between chromosomes from genomes homoeologous Am and Bm. In untreated individuals of the alloautooctoploid Zea perennis (8x = 2n = 40, ApApAp´Ap´Bp1Bp1Bp2Bp2) the most frequent configuration was 5IV+10II (formed by A and B genomes, respectively). The colchicine treated Z. perennis show up to 10IV revealing higher affinity within genomes A and B, but any homology among them. These results suggest the presence of a paring regulator locus (PrZ) in maize and Z. perennis, whose expression is suppressed by colchicine. It could be postulated that in Z. perennis, PrZ would affect independently the genomes A and B, being relevant the threshold of homology, the fidelity of pairing in each genomes and the ploidy level. Cytological analysis of the treated hexaploid hybrids (6x = 2n = 30), with Z. perennis as a parental, strongly suggests that PrZ is less effective in only one doses. This conclusion was reinforced by the homoeologous pairing observed in untreated dihaploid maizes, which showed up to 5II. Meiotic behaviour of individuals treated with different doses of colchicine allowed to postulate that PrZ affect the homoeologous association by controlling entire genomes (Am or Bm) rather than individual chromosomes. Based on cytological and statistical results it is possible to propose that the cytological diploidization in Zea species occurs by restriction of pairing between homoeologous chromosomes or by genetical divergence of the homoeologous chromosomes, as was observed in untreated Z. mays ssp. parviglumis. These are independent but complementary systems and could be acting jointly in the same nucleus.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Colchicine treated maizes showed up to 5IV, suggesting pairing between chromosomes of the homoeologous genomes Am and Bm.
Zea maysOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Colchicine treated maizes (4x = 2n = 20, AmAmBmBm) showed up to 5IV”
Claim · model-written summary
In untreated Zea perennis the most frequent meiotic configuration was 5IV+10II.
- Taxon
- Zea perennis
Zea perennise0 - Outcome
- most frequent configuratione0
- Value
- 5IV+10IIe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In untreated individuals of the alloautooctoploid Zea perennis (8x = 2n = 40, ApApAp´Ap´Bp1Bp1Bp2Bp2) the most frequent configuration was 5IV+10II”
Claim · model-written summary
Colchicine treated Z. perennis showed up to 10IV, revealing higher affinity within genomes A and B but no homology between them.
- Taxon
- Z. perennisZea perennise0
- Treatment
- colchicinee0
- Outcome
- up to 10IVe0
- Value
- 10IVe0
- Qualifier
- higher affinity within genomes A and Be0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The colchicine treated Z. perennis show up to 10IV revealing higher affinity within genomes A and B, but any homology among them”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors suggest a pairing regulator locus (PrZ) is present in maize and Z. perennis and its expression is suppressed by colchicine.
- Treatment
- colchicinee0
- Gene
- paring regulator locus (PrZ)e0
- Outcome
- expression is suppressed by colchicinee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“These results suggest the presence of a paring regulator locus (PrZ) in maize and Z. perennis, whose expression is suppressed by colchicine”
Claim · model-written summary
Cytological analysis of treated hexaploid hybrids with Z. perennis as a parental strongly suggests that PrZ is less effective in only one dose.
Verbatim
e0“Cytological analysis of the treated hexaploid hybrids (6x = 2n = 30), with Z. perennis as a parental, strongly suggests that PrZ is less effective in only one doses”
Claim · model-written summary
Untreated dihaploid maizes showed homoeologous pairing of up to 5II.
Verbatim
e0“homoeologous pairing observed in untreated dihaploid maizes, which showed up to 5II”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors postulate that PrZ affects homoeologous association by controlling entire genomes (Am or Bm) rather than individual chromosomes, based on meiotic behaviour under different colchicine doses.
ZeaOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Zea”
e0“Meiotic behaviour of individuals treated with different doses of colchicine allowed to postulate that PrZ affect the homoeologous association by controlling entire genomes (Am or Bm) rather than individual chromosomes”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors propose that cytological diploidization in Zea species occurs by restriction of pairing between homoeologous chromosomes or by genetic divergence of the homoeologous chromosomes, as observed in untreated Z. mays ssp. parviglumis.
- Outcome
- cytological diploidizatione0
- Qualifier
- restriction of pairing between homoeologous chromosomes or by genetical divergence of the homoeologous chromosomese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the cytological diploidization in Zea species occurs by restriction of pairing between homoeologous chromosomes or by genetical divergence of the homoeologous chromosomes, as was observed in untreated Z. mays ssp. parviglumis”