Abstract
The present study was conducted on ber (Ziziphus mauritiana) cv ’Gola’ based horti-pasture system established in 2006 to examine the influence of various sources of organic and inorganic nutrients on morphometric, productivity and quality of grasses and soil health during 2011 and 2012 under rainfed condition of semi-arid ecosystem. Over two years mean green herbage yield of 3.16 t/ha, dry matter of 0.55 t/ha, protein yield of 23.15 kg/ha, grass seed yield of 14 kg/ha and ber fruit yield of 339.17 kg/ha were recorded additionally higher under ber + Cenchrus setigerus plantation as compared to ber + Cenchrus ciliaris plantation system. Integrated application of 50% RDF of NPK through fertilizers and 50% through sheep manure brought significant improvement in growth and yield attributes of grasses followed by that under 100% RDF of NPK through fertilizers. Further, yield of dry matter, grass seed, dry ber leaf fodder, fruit yield and fuel wood yield were found higher with integrated application of 50% RDF of NPK through fertilizers and 50% through sheep manure. Application of 50% RDF of NPK through fertilizers and 50% through sheep manure significantly increased in mean green herbage by 62.3%, dry matter by 29.6%, protein yield by 37.0%, seed yield by 38.8%, dry ber leaf (pala) by 30.4%, fruit yield by 25.2% and fuel wood yield by 44.9%. The corresponding values were increase by 46.7, 28.1, 32.9, 45.0, 28.7, 25.2 and 25.2% when 50% RDF of NPK through fertilizers and 50% through sheep manure applied combined and compared with control treatment (no fertilizers, no organic manure). The pH and EC of surface soil declined whereas bulk density, soil organic carbon (SOC), available N, available P and exchangeable K were increased with the integrated application of inorganic nutrients coupled with organic matter through sheep manure. Maximum gross return (Rs. 76131/ha), net return (Rs. 66366/ha) and benefit: cost ratios (2.33) were also accrued with the integrated application of 50% RDF of NPK through fertilizers and 50% through sheep manure.
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Claims 20
Claim · model-written summary
green herbage yield was additionally higher under ber + Cenchrus setigerus than ber + Cenchrus ciliaris, by 3.16 t/ha.
- Taxon
- Cenchrus setigerus
Cenchrus setigeruse0 - Treatment
- ber + Cenchrus setigerus plantatione0
- Outcome
- green herbage yielde0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 3.16 t/hae0
- Comparator
- ber + Cenchrus ciliaris plantation systeme0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Over two years mean green herbage yield of 3.16 t/ha, dry matter of 0.55 t/ha, protein yield of 23.15 kg/ha, grass seed yield of 14 kg/ha and ber fruit yield of 339.17 kg/ha were recorded additionally higher under ber + Cenchrus setigerus plantation as compared to ber + Cenchrus ciliaris plantation system.”
Claim · model-written summary
dry matter was additionally higher under ber + Cenchrus setigerus than ber + Cenchrus ciliaris, by 0.55 t/ha.
- Taxon
- Cenchrus setigerusCenchrus setigeruse0
- Treatment
- ber + Cenchrus setigerus plantatione0
- Outcome
- dry mattere0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 0.55 t/hae0
- Comparator
- ber + Cenchrus ciliaris plantation systeme0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Over two years mean green herbage yield of 3.16 t/ha, dry matter of 0.55 t/ha, protein yield of 23.15 kg/ha, grass seed yield of 14 kg/ha and ber fruit yield of 339.17 kg/ha were recorded additionally higher under ber + Cenchrus setigerus plantation as compared to ber + Cenchrus ciliaris plantation system.”
Claim · model-written summary
protein yield was additionally higher under ber + Cenchrus setigerus than ber + Cenchrus ciliaris, by 23.15 kg/ha.
- Taxon
- Cenchrus setigerusCenchrus setigeruse0
- Treatment
- ber + Cenchrus setigerus plantatione0
- Outcome
- protein yielde0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 23.15 kg/hae0
- Comparator
- ber + Cenchrus ciliaris plantation systeme0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Over two years mean green herbage yield of 3.16 t/ha, dry matter of 0.55 t/ha, protein yield of 23.15 kg/ha, grass seed yield of 14 kg/ha and ber fruit yield of 339.17 kg/ha were recorded additionally higher under ber + Cenchrus setigerus plantation as compared to ber + Cenchrus ciliaris plantation system.”
Claim · model-written summary
grass seed yield was additionally higher under ber + Cenchrus setigerus than ber + Cenchrus ciliaris, by 14 kg/ha.
- Taxon
- Cenchrus setigerusCenchrus setigeruse0
- Treatment
- ber + Cenchrus setigerus plantatione0
- Outcome
- grass seed yielde0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 14 kg/hae0
- Comparator
- ber + Cenchrus ciliaris plantation systeme0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Over two years mean green herbage yield of 3.16 t/ha, dry matter of 0.55 t/ha, protein yield of 23.15 kg/ha, grass seed yield of 14 kg/ha and ber fruit yield of 339.17 kg/ha were recorded additionally higher under ber + Cenchrus setigerus plantation as compared to ber + Cenchrus ciliaris plantation system.”
Claim · model-written summary
ber fruit yield was additionally higher under ber + Cenchrus setigerus than ber + Cenchrus ciliaris, by 339.17 kg/ha.
- Taxon
- ber
Ziziphus mauritianae0 - Treatment
- ber + Cenchrus setigerus plantatione0
- Outcome
- ber fruit yielde0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 339.17 kg/hae0
- Comparator
- ber + Cenchrus ciliaris plantation systeme0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Over two years mean green herbage yield of 3.16 t/ha, dry matter of 0.55 t/ha, protein yield of 23.15 kg/ha, grass seed yield of 14 kg/ha and ber fruit yield of 339.17 kg/ha were recorded additionally higher under ber + Cenchrus setigerus plantation as compared to ber + Cenchrus ciliaris plantation system.”
Claim · model-written summary
Integrated fertilizer and sheep manure significantly improved grass growth and yield attributes, followed by full fertilizer application.
Verbatim
e0“Integrated application of 50% RDF of NPK through fertilizers and 50% through sheep manure brought significant improvement in growth and yield attributes of grasses followed by that under 100% RDF of NPK through fertilizers.”
Claim · model-written summary
yield of dry matter, grass seed was higher with integrated nutrient application.
- Taxon
- grassese1
- Treatment
- integrated application of 50% RDF of NPK through fertilizers and 50% through sheep manuree0
- Outcome
- yield of dry matter, grass seede0
- Direction
- highere0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Further, yield of dry matter, grass seed, dry ber leaf fodder, fruit yield and fuel wood yield were found higher with integrated application of 50% RDF of NPK through fertilizers and 50% through sheep manure.”
t0“ber-based hortipasture system”
e1“Integrated application of 50% RDF of NPK through fertilizers and 50% through sheep manure brought significant improvement in growth and yield attributes of grasses followed by that under 100% RDF of NPK through fertilizers.”
Claim · model-written summary
dry ber leaf fodder, fruit yield and fuel wood yield was higher with integrated nutrient application.
- Taxon
- berZiziphus mauritianat0
- Treatment
- integrated application of 50% RDF of NPK through fertilizers and 50% through sheep manuree0
- Outcome
- dry ber leaf fodder, fruit yield and fuel wood yielde0
- Direction
- highere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Further, yield of dry matter, grass seed, dry ber leaf fodder, fruit yield and fuel wood yield were found higher with integrated application of 50% RDF of NPK through fertilizers and 50% through sheep manure.”
t0“ber-based hortipasture system”
Claim · model-written summary
mean green herbage increased by 62.3% with integrated nutrients.
- Taxon
- grassese1
- Treatment
- 50% RDF of NPK through fertilizers and 50% through sheep manuree0
- Outcome
- mean green herbagee0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 62.3%e0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Application of 50% RDF of NPK through fertilizers and 50% through sheep manure significantly increased in mean green herbage by 62.3%, dry matter by 29.6%, protein yield by 37.0%, seed yield by 38.8%, dry ber leaf (pala) by 30.4%, fruit yield by 25.2% and fuel wood yield by 44.9%.”
t0“ber-based hortipasture system”
e1“Integrated application of 50% RDF of NPK through fertilizers and 50% through sheep manure brought significant improvement in growth and yield attributes of grasses followed by that under 100% RDF of NPK through fertilizers.”
Claim · model-written summary
dry matter increased by 29.6% with integrated nutrients.
- Taxon
- grassese1
- Treatment
- 50% RDF of NPK through fertilizers and 50% through sheep manuree0
- Outcome
- dry mattere0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 29.6%e0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Application of 50% RDF of NPK through fertilizers and 50% through sheep manure significantly increased in mean green herbage by 62.3%, dry matter by 29.6%, protein yield by 37.0%, seed yield by 38.8%, dry ber leaf (pala) by 30.4%, fruit yield by 25.2% and fuel wood yield by 44.9%.”
t0“ber-based hortipasture system”
e1“Integrated application of 50% RDF of NPK through fertilizers and 50% through sheep manure brought significant improvement in growth and yield attributes of grasses followed by that under 100% RDF of NPK through fertilizers.”
Claim · model-written summary
protein yield increased by 37.0% with integrated nutrients.
- Taxon
- grassese1
- Treatment
- 50% RDF of NPK through fertilizers and 50% through sheep manuree0
- Outcome
- protein yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 37.0%e0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Application of 50% RDF of NPK through fertilizers and 50% through sheep manure significantly increased in mean green herbage by 62.3%, dry matter by 29.6%, protein yield by 37.0%, seed yield by 38.8%, dry ber leaf (pala) by 30.4%, fruit yield by 25.2% and fuel wood yield by 44.9%.”
t0“ber-based hortipasture system”
e1“Integrated application of 50% RDF of NPK through fertilizers and 50% through sheep manure brought significant improvement in growth and yield attributes of grasses followed by that under 100% RDF of NPK through fertilizers.”
Claim · model-written summary
seed yield increased by 38.8% with integrated nutrients.
- Taxon
- grassese1
- Treatment
- 50% RDF of NPK through fertilizers and 50% through sheep manuree0
- Outcome
- seed yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 38.8%e0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Application of 50% RDF of NPK through fertilizers and 50% through sheep manure significantly increased in mean green herbage by 62.3%, dry matter by 29.6%, protein yield by 37.0%, seed yield by 38.8%, dry ber leaf (pala) by 30.4%, fruit yield by 25.2% and fuel wood yield by 44.9%.”
t0“ber-based hortipasture system”
e1“Integrated application of 50% RDF of NPK through fertilizers and 50% through sheep manure brought significant improvement in growth and yield attributes of grasses followed by that under 100% RDF of NPK through fertilizers.”
Claim · model-written summary
dry ber leaf (pala) increased by 30.4% with integrated nutrients.
- Taxon
- berZiziphus mauritianat0
- Treatment
- 50% RDF of NPK through fertilizers and 50% through sheep manuree0
- Outcome
- dry ber leaf (pala)e0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 30.4%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Application of 50% RDF of NPK through fertilizers and 50% through sheep manure significantly increased in mean green herbage by 62.3%, dry matter by 29.6%, protein yield by 37.0%, seed yield by 38.8%, dry ber leaf (pala) by 30.4%, fruit yield by 25.2% and fuel wood yield by 44.9%.”
t0“ber-based hortipasture system”
Claim · model-written summary
fruit yield increased by 25.2% with integrated nutrients.
- Taxon
- berZiziphus mauritianat0
- Treatment
- 50% RDF of NPK through fertilizers and 50% through sheep manuree0
- Outcome
- fruit yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 25.2%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Application of 50% RDF of NPK through fertilizers and 50% through sheep manure significantly increased in mean green herbage by 62.3%, dry matter by 29.6%, protein yield by 37.0%, seed yield by 38.8%, dry ber leaf (pala) by 30.4%, fruit yield by 25.2% and fuel wood yield by 44.9%.”
t0“ber-based hortipasture system”
Claim · model-written summary
fuel wood yield increased by 44.9% with integrated nutrients.
- Taxon
- berZiziphus mauritianat0
- Treatment
- 50% RDF of NPK through fertilizers and 50% through sheep manuree0
- Outcome
- fuel wood yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 44.9%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Application of 50% RDF of NPK through fertilizers and 50% through sheep manure significantly increased in mean green herbage by 62.3%, dry matter by 29.6%, protein yield by 37.0%, seed yield by 38.8%, dry ber leaf (pala) by 30.4%, fruit yield by 25.2% and fuel wood yield by 44.9%.”
t0“ber-based hortipasture system”
Claim · model-written summary
Surface soil pH and EC declined with integrated inorganic nutrients and sheep manure.
- Taxon
- berZiziphus mauritianat0
- Treatment
- integrated application of inorganic nutrients coupled with organic matter through sheep manuree0
- Outcome
- pH and EC of surface soile0
- Direction
- declinede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The pH and EC of surface soil declined whereas bulk density, soil organic carbon (SOC), available N, available P and exchangeable K were increased with the integrated application of inorganic nutrients coupled with organic matter through sheep manure.”
t0“ber-based hortipasture system”
Claim · model-written summary
Surface soil bulk density, organic carbon and available nutrients increased with integrated nutrients and manure.
- Taxon
- berZiziphus mauritianat0
- Treatment
- integrated application of inorganic nutrients coupled with organic matter through sheep manuree0
- Outcome
- bulk density, soil organic carbon (SOC), available N, available P and exchangeable Ke0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The pH and EC of surface soil declined whereas bulk density, soil organic carbon (SOC), available N, available P and exchangeable K were increased with the integrated application of inorganic nutrients coupled with organic matter through sheep manure.”
t0“ber-based hortipasture system”
Claim · model-written summary
gross return was maximum at Rs. 76131/ha with integrated nutrient application.
- Taxon
- berZiziphus mauritianat0
- Treatment
- integrated application of 50% RDF of NPK through fertilizers and 50% through sheep manuree0
- Outcome
- gross returne0
- Direction
- Maximume0
- Value
- Rs. 76131/hae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Maximum gross return (Rs. 76131/ha), net return (Rs. 66366/ha) and benefit: cost ratios (2.33) were also accrued with the integrated application of 50% RDF of NPK through fertilizers and 50% through sheep manure.”
t0“ber-based hortipasture system”
Claim · model-written summary
net return was maximum at Rs. 66366/ha with integrated nutrient application.
- Taxon
- berZiziphus mauritianat0
- Treatment
- integrated application of 50% RDF of NPK through fertilizers and 50% through sheep manuree0
- Outcome
- net returne0
- Direction
- Maximume0
- Value
- Rs. 66366/hae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Maximum gross return (Rs. 76131/ha), net return (Rs. 66366/ha) and benefit: cost ratios (2.33) were also accrued with the integrated application of 50% RDF of NPK through fertilizers and 50% through sheep manure.”
t0“ber-based hortipasture system”
Claim · model-written summary
benefit: cost ratios was maximum at 2.33 with integrated nutrient application.
- Taxon
- berZiziphus mauritianat0
- Treatment
- integrated application of 50% RDF of NPK through fertilizers and 50% through sheep manuree0
- Outcome
- benefit: cost ratiose0
- Direction
- Maximume0
- Value
- 2.33e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Maximum gross return (Rs. 76131/ha), net return (Rs. 66366/ha) and benefit: cost ratios (2.33) were also accrued with the integrated application of 50% RDF of NPK through fertilizers and 50% through sheep manure.”
t0“ber-based hortipasture system”
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