Abstract
Core Ideas Cowpea cropping after soybean is increasing in the Cerrado region of Brazil and can benefit from BNF. Soybean bradyrhizobia can abundantly nodulate cowpea but are often inefficient. Inoculated elite cowpea Bradyrhizobium strains increased grain yields. Nitrogen fixation inputs were increased by inoculation with selected cowpea bradyrhizobia. Nitrogen‐15 natural abundance showed inoculation increased N 2 fixation by over 25 kg N ha –1 crop –1 . Cowpea ( Vigna unguiculata Walp.) is increasingly planted as a second season crop after soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merr.] in the Brazilian Cerrado region. Experiments were conducted at Sinop and Primavera do Leste in Mato Grosso State to investigate the impact of cowpea inoculation with recommended rhizobium strains on biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) and grain yield. Plants were either non‐inoculated, with or without 70 kg N fertilizer ha − , or inoculated with five rhizobium strains, separately or as a mixture. Nodulation and shoot dry matter (DM) were evaluated at 35 d after emergence (DAE). Dry matter and N accumulation were evaluated and BNF contributions quantified using 15 N natural abundance at 50 DAE. Nodule number and dry weight were high regardless of inoculation treatment. However, several of the inoculation treatments at Sinop and Primavera do Leste promoted significant increases in total N at 50 DAE. At both sites, the 15 N abundance results indicated that inoculation significantly increased BNF contributions from 36 to 64 kg ha − at Sinop and from 48 to 75 kg N ha − at Primavera. Grain yield was significantly increased from approximately 1200 to 1500 kg ha − by strains BR 3262 and INPA 03‐11B at the Primavera do Leste, and from approximately 850 to 1400 kg ha − by strain BR 3262 at Sinop. The results indicate inoculation of cowpea with elite rhizobium strains can increase BNF contributions and grain yields in the Brazilian Cerrado region, even when there are abundant populations of soybean rhizobium present in the soil.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Cowpea nodule number and dry weight were high across inoculation treatments.
- Taxon
- Cowpea
Vigna unguiculatae0e1e2e3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Nodule number and dry weight were high regardless of inoculation treatment.”
e1“Rhizobium Inoculation of Cowpea in Brazilian Cerrado Increases Yields and Nitrogen Fixation”
e2“At both sites, the 15 N abundance results indicated that inoculation significantly increased BNF contributions from 36 to 64 kg ha − at Sinop and from 48 to 75 kg N ha − at Primavera.”
e3“Grain yield was significantly increased from approximately 1200 to 1500 kg ha − by strains BR 3262 and INPA 03‐11B at the Primavera do Leste, and from approximately 850 to 1400 kg ha − by strain BR 3262 at Sinop.”
Claim · model-written summary
Several inoculation treatments increased cowpea total nitrogen at 50 days after emergence.
- Taxon
- CowpeaVigna unguiculatae0e1e2e3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“several of the inoculation treatments at Sinop and Primavera do Leste promoted significant increases in total N at 50 DAE.”
e1“Rhizobium Inoculation of Cowpea in Brazilian Cerrado Increases Yields and Nitrogen Fixation”
e2“At both sites, the 15 N abundance results indicated that inoculation significantly increased BNF contributions from 36 to 64 kg ha − at Sinop and from 48 to 75 kg N ha − at Primavera.”
e3“Grain yield was significantly increased from approximately 1200 to 1500 kg ha − by strains BR 3262 and INPA 03‐11B at the Primavera do Leste, and from approximately 850 to 1400 kg ha − by strain BR 3262 at Sinop.”
Claim · model-written summary
Inoculation increased biological nitrogen fixation from 36 to 64 kg ha − at Sinop.
- Taxon
- CowpeaVigna unguiculatae0e1e2e3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“inoculation significantly increased BNF contributions from 36 to 64 kg ha − at Sinop”
e1“Rhizobium Inoculation of Cowpea in Brazilian Cerrado Increases Yields and Nitrogen Fixation”
e2“At both sites, the 15 N abundance results indicated that inoculation significantly increased BNF contributions from 36 to 64 kg ha − at Sinop and from 48 to 75 kg N ha − at Primavera.”
e3“Grain yield was significantly increased from approximately 1200 to 1500 kg ha − by strains BR 3262 and INPA 03‐11B at the Primavera do Leste, and from approximately 850 to 1400 kg ha − by strain BR 3262 at Sinop.”
Claim · model-written summary
Inoculation increased biological nitrogen fixation from 48 to 75 kg N ha − at Primavera.
- Taxon
- CowpeaVigna unguiculatae0e1e2e3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“from 48 to 75 kg N ha − at Primavera.”
e1“Rhizobium Inoculation of Cowpea in Brazilian Cerrado Increases Yields and Nitrogen Fixation”
e2“At both sites, the 15 N abundance results indicated that inoculation significantly increased BNF contributions from 36 to 64 kg ha − at Sinop and from 48 to 75 kg N ha − at Primavera.”
e3“Grain yield was significantly increased from approximately 1200 to 1500 kg ha − by strains BR 3262 and INPA 03‐11B at the Primavera do Leste, and from approximately 850 to 1400 kg ha − by strain BR 3262 at Sinop.”
Claim · model-written summary
BR 3262 increased cowpea grain yield at Primavera do Leste from about 1200 to 1500 kg ha −.
- Taxon
- cowpeaVigna unguiculatae0e1e2e3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Grain yield was significantly increased from approximately 1200 to 1500 kg ha − by strains BR 3262 and INPA 03‐11B at the Primavera do Leste”
e1“Rhizobium Inoculation of Cowpea in Brazilian Cerrado Increases Yields and Nitrogen Fixation”
e2“At both sites, the 15 N abundance results indicated that inoculation significantly increased BNF contributions from 36 to 64 kg ha − at Sinop and from 48 to 75 kg N ha − at Primavera.”
e3“Grain yield was significantly increased from approximately 1200 to 1500 kg ha − by strains BR 3262 and INPA 03‐11B at the Primavera do Leste, and from approximately 850 to 1400 kg ha − by strain BR 3262 at Sinop.”
Claim · model-written summary
INPA 03-11B increased cowpea grain yield at Primavera do Leste from about 1200 to 1500 kg ha −.
- Taxon
- cowpeaVigna unguiculatae0e1e2e3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Grain yield was significantly increased from approximately 1200 to 1500 kg ha − by strains BR 3262 and INPA 03‐11B at the Primavera do Leste”
e1“Rhizobium Inoculation of Cowpea in Brazilian Cerrado Increases Yields and Nitrogen Fixation”
e2“At both sites, the 15 N abundance results indicated that inoculation significantly increased BNF contributions from 36 to 64 kg ha − at Sinop and from 48 to 75 kg N ha − at Primavera.”
e3“Grain yield was significantly increased from approximately 1200 to 1500 kg ha − by strains BR 3262 and INPA 03‐11B at the Primavera do Leste, and from approximately 850 to 1400 kg ha − by strain BR 3262 at Sinop.”
Claim · model-written summary
BR 3262 increased cowpea grain yield at Sinop from about 850 to 1400 kg ha −.
- Taxon
- cowpeaVigna unguiculatae0e1e2e3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“from approximately 850 to 1400 kg ha − by strain BR 3262 at Sinop.”
e1“Rhizobium Inoculation of Cowpea in Brazilian Cerrado Increases Yields and Nitrogen Fixation”
e2“At both sites, the 15 N abundance results indicated that inoculation significantly increased BNF contributions from 36 to 64 kg ha − at Sinop and from 48 to 75 kg N ha − at Primavera.”
e3“Grain yield was significantly increased from approximately 1200 to 1500 kg ha − by strains BR 3262 and INPA 03‐11B at the Primavera do Leste, and from approximately 850 to 1400 kg ha − by strain BR 3262 at Sinop.”
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