Abstract
TWO TYPES of biochar , rice straw biochar (RSB) and.soybean straw biochar (SSB) at four rates (0, 4.20, 8.40 and 16.80 g kg-1) for each were used to evaluate their effects on the fertility of a new reclaimed sandy soil and on the growth of wheat. The results showed that incorporation of RSB and SSB caused significant enhancements in soil physical properties through decreasing bulk density and increasing porosity, water-holding capacity and volumetric water. Moreover, soil chemical properties, including pH, organic carbon, cation exchange capacity, electrical conductivity and nutrients availability were markedly affected by RSB and SSB additions, especially at their highest applied rates (16.80 g kg-1). The biochar type had an important impact on soil properties and the effect of SSB was more pronounced than RSB. Data also indicated that the use of RSB and SSB led to increase the growth of wheat plants, as presented by dry weights of their straw and grains. The highest effects of RSB and SSB on straw (3.05 and 3.73 g pot-1) and grains (2.72 and 3.25 g pot-1) of wheat were recorded at the addition of 16.80 g RSB or SSB kg-1, respectively. Concentrations of N, P and K were markedly increased in RSB and SSB treatments as compared with the control (no biochars addition). Both RSB and SSB had valuable influences on growth and nutrients content in wheat due to their efficient effects in improving physical and chemical properties of the used sandy soil. This study demonstrated that converting plant residues to biochars through the pyrolysis process could be recommended in the agricultural management of sandy soil and had an important role in enhancing their qualities and productivities.
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Claims 14
Claim · model-written summary
Rice straw biochar reduced soil bulk density.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivumt0 - Treatment
- RSBe0
- Outcome
- bulk densitye0
- Direction
- decreasinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“incorporation of RSB and SSB caused significant enhancements in soil physical properties through decreasing bulk density”
t0“wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Soybean straw biochar reduced soil bulk density.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- SSBe0
- Outcome
- bulk densitye0
- Direction
- decreasinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“incorporation of RSB and SSB caused significant enhancements in soil physical properties through decreasing bulk density”
t0“wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Rice straw biochar increased soil porosity, water-holding capacity and volumetric water.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- RSBe0
- Outcome
- porosity, water-holding capacity and volumetric watere0
- Direction
- increasinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“incorporation of RSB and SSB caused significant enhancements in soil physical properties through decreasing bulk density and increasing porosity, water-holding capacity and volumetric water”
t0“wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Soybean straw biochar increased soil porosity, water-holding capacity and volumetric water.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- SSBe0
- Outcome
- porosity, water-holding capacity and volumetric watere0
- Direction
- increasinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“incorporation of RSB and SSB caused significant enhancements in soil physical properties through decreasing bulk density and increasing porosity, water-holding capacity and volumetric water”
t0“wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Both biochars markedly affected soil pH, organic carbon and cation exchange capacity, particularly at the highest rate.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- RSB and SSB additionse0
- Outcome
- pH, organic carbon, cation exchange capacitye0
- Qualifier
- especially at their highest applied rates (16.80 g kg-1)e0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“soil chemical properties, including pH, organic carbon, cation exchange capacity, electrical conductivity and nutrients availability were markedly affected by RSB and SSB additions, especially at their highest applied rates (16.80 g kg-1)”
t0“wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Both biochars markedly affected soil electrical conductivity and nutrient availability.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- RSB and SSB additionse0
- Outcome
- electrical conductivity and nutrients availabilitye0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“electrical conductivity and nutrients availability were markedly affected by RSB and SSB additions, especially at their highest applied rates (16.80 g kg-1)”
t0“wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Soybean straw biochar had a more pronounced effect on soil properties than rice straw biochar.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the effect of SSB was more pronounced than RSB”
t0“wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Rice straw biochar increased wheat straw dry weight, reaching 3.05 g pot-1 at its highest rate.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest effects of RSB and SSB on straw (3.05 and 3.73 g pot-1) and grains (2.72 and 3.25 g pot-1) of wheat were recorded at the addition of 16.80 g RSB or SSB kg-1, respectively”
e1“the use of RSB and SSB led to increase the growth of wheat plants, as presented by dry weights of their straw and grains”
Claim · model-written summary
Soybean straw biochar increased wheat straw dry weight, reaching 3.73 g pot-1 at its highest rate.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- SSB kg-1e0
- Outcome
- strawe0
- Direction
- increasee1
- Value
- 3.73 g pot-1e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest effects of RSB and SSB on straw (3.05 and 3.73 g pot-1) and grains (2.72 and 3.25 g pot-1) of wheat were recorded at the addition of 16.80 g RSB or SSB kg-1, respectively”
e1“the use of RSB and SSB led to increase the growth of wheat plants, as presented by dry weights of their straw and grains”
Claim · model-written summary
Rice straw biochar increased wheat grain dry weight, reaching 2.72 g pot-1 at its highest rate.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest effects of RSB and SSB on straw (3.05 and 3.73 g pot-1) and grains (2.72 and 3.25 g pot-1) of wheat were recorded at the addition of 16.80 g RSB or SSB kg-1, respectively”
e1“the use of RSB and SSB led to increase the growth of wheat plants, as presented by dry weights of their straw and grains”
Claim · model-written summary
Soybean straw biochar increased wheat grain dry weight, reaching 3.25 g pot-1 at its highest rate.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- SSB kg-1e0
- Outcome
- grainse0
- Direction
- increasee1
- Value
- 3.25 g pot-1e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest effects of RSB and SSB on straw (3.05 and 3.73 g pot-1) and grains (2.72 and 3.25 g pot-1) of wheat were recorded at the addition of 16.80 g RSB or SSB kg-1, respectively”
e1“the use of RSB and SSB led to increase the growth of wheat plants, as presented by dry weights of their straw and grains”
Claim · model-written summary
Rice straw biochar increased wheat nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium concentrations versus control.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- RSBe0
- Outcome
- Concentrations of N, P and Ke0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- control (no biochars addition)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Concentrations of N, P and K were markedly increased in RSB and SSB treatments as compared with the control (no biochars addition)”
t0“wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Soybean straw biochar increased wheat nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium concentrations versus control.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- SSBe0
- Outcome
- Concentrations of N, P and Ke0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- control (no biochars addition)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Concentrations of N, P and K were markedly increased in RSB and SSB treatments as compared with the control (no biochars addition)”
t0“wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend converting plant residues to biochar for agricultural management of sandy soil.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- converting plant residues to biochars through the pyrolysis processe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“converting plant residues to biochars through the pyrolysis process could be recommended in the agricultural management of sandy soil”
t0“wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)”
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See all 63 papers →8 of 9 groups shown: named compounds and organisms first, then groups whose results differ (checked claim by claim), then those with positive and negative results, then the smaller groups.
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.