Abstract
A field experiment was conducted at ICAR-Indian Institute of Sugarcane Research, Lucknow, with three tillage practices (T1: Control- two times ploughing with harrow and cultivator, each followed by planking before sugarcane planting; T2: Deep tillage with disc plough (depth 25–30 cm) before planting followed by harrowing, cultivator, and planking; and T3: Subsoiling at 45–50 cm and deep tillage with disc plough/moldboard plough (depth 25–30 cm) followed by harrowing, cultivator, and planking before planting, two soil moisture regimes (M1: 0.5 irrigation water (IW)/cumulative pan evaporation (CPE) ratio and M2: 0.75 IW/CPE ratio) at 7.5 cm depth of IW, and four N levels (N1- 0, N2- 75, N3- 150, and N4-225 kg N ha−1) in sugarcane plant crop. Deep tillage and subsoiling increased porosity and reduced bulk density in surface/subsurface soil. Further, these physical changes also improved soil biological and chemical properties responsible for higher crop growth and yield. Deep tillage and subsoiling reduced the compaction by 6.12% in 0–15 cm depth in sugarcane plant crop at maximum tillering stage. The highest N uptake (158.5 kg ha−1) was analyzed with deep tillage and subsoiling compared to all other tillage practices. Maintaining suboptimal moisture regime with deep tillage and subsoiling showed the highest IW use efficiency (157.16 kg cane kg−1 N applied). Mean soil microbial biomass carbon (SMBC) in ratoon crop was higher compared to plant crop. During initial tillering stage, ratoon crop showed higher SMBC with application of deep tillage and subsoiling (1209 mg CO2-C g−1 soil day−1) at 0–15 cm depth and 1082.9 mg CO2-C g−1 soil day−1 at 15–30 cm depth. Thus, it could be concluded that besides improving sugarcane yield, soil health could be sustained by adopting subsoiling (45–50 cm depth) and deep tillage (20–25 cm depth), with soil moisture regime of 0.75 IW/CPE and application of 150 kg N ha−1 in sugarcane (plant crop).
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Deep tillage and subsoiling increased soil porosity.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
t0“Sugarcane Yield”
e1“Deep tillage and subsoiling increased porosity and reduced bulk density in surface/subsurface soil”
Claim · model-written summary
Deep tillage and subsoiling reduced soil bulk density in surface and subsurface soil.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
t0“Sugarcane Yield”
e1“Deep tillage and subsoiling increased porosity and reduced bulk density in surface/subsurface soil”
Claim · model-written summary
Deep tillage and subsoiling reduced soil compaction by 6.12% in the 0–15 cm layer at maximum tillering.
- Taxon
- sugarcanet0
- Organ / stage
- maximum tillering stagee2
- Treatment
- Deep tillage and subsoilinge2
- Outcome
- compactione2
- Direction
- reducede2
- Value
- 6.12%e2
- Qualifier
- 0–15 cm depthe2
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
t0“Sugarcane Yield”
e2“Deep tillage and subsoiling reduced the compaction by 6.12% in 0–15 cm depth in sugarcane plant crop at maximum tillering stage”
Claim · model-written summary
Deep tillage and subsoiling gave the highest N uptake, 158.5 kg ha−1, compared with all other tillage practices.
Verbatim
t0“Sugarcane Yield”
e3“The highest N uptake (158.5 kg ha−1) was analyzed with deep tillage and subsoiling compared to all other tillage practices”
Claim · model-written summary
Maintaining a suboptimal moisture regime with deep tillage and subsoiling gave the highest irrigation water use efficiency, 157.16 kg cane per kg N applied.
- Taxon
- sugarcanet0
- Treatment
- Maintaining suboptimal moisture regime with deep tillage and subsoilinge4
- Outcome
- IW use efficiencye4
- Direction
- higheste4
- Value
- 157.16 kg cane kg−1 N appliede4
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
t0“Sugarcane Yield”
e4“Maintaining suboptimal moisture regime with deep tillage and subsoiling showed the highest IW use efficiency (157.16 kg cane kg−1 N applied)”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil microbial biomass carbon was higher in the ratoon crop than in the plant crop.
Verbatim
t0“Sugarcane Yield”
e5“Mean soil microbial biomass carbon (SMBC) in ratoon crop was higher compared to plant crop”
Claim · model-written summary
Deep tillage and subsoiling gave higher soil microbial biomass carbon in the ratoon crop at initial tillering, 1209 mg CO2-C g−1 soil day−1 at 0–15 cm depth.
- Taxon
- sugarcanet0
- Organ / stage
- initial tillering stagee6
- Treatment
- deep tillage and subsoilinge6
- Outcome
- SMBCe6
- Direction
- highere6
- Value
- 1209 mg CO2-C g−1 soil day−1e6
- Qualifier
- 0–15 cm depthe6
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
t0“Sugarcane Yield”
e6“During initial tillering stage, ratoon crop showed higher SMBC with application of deep tillage and subsoiling (1209 mg CO2-C g−1 soil day−1) at 0–15 cm depth and 1082.9 mg CO2-C g−1 soil day−1 at 15–30 cm depth”
Claim · model-written summary
Deep tillage and subsoiling gave higher soil microbial biomass carbon in the ratoon crop at initial tillering, 1082.9 mg CO2-C g−1 soil day−1 at 15–30 cm depth.
- Taxon
- sugarcanet0
- Organ / stage
- initial tillering stagee6
- Treatment
- deep tillage and subsoilinge6
- Outcome
- SMBCe6
- Direction
- highere6
- Value
- 1082.9 mg CO2-C g−1 soil day−1e6
- Qualifier
- 15–30 cm depthe6
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
t0“Sugarcane Yield”
e6“During initial tillering stage, ratoon crop showed higher SMBC with application of deep tillage and subsoiling (1209 mg CO2-C g−1 soil day−1) at 0–15 cm depth and 1082.9 mg CO2-C g−1 soil day−1 at 15–30 cm depth”
Claim · model-written summary
Improved soil biological and chemical properties from the physical changes are responsible for higher sugarcane growth and yield.
Verbatim
t0“Sugarcane Yield”
e7“these physical changes also improved soil biological and chemical properties responsible for higher crop growth and yield”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil health in sugarcane can be sustained by subsoiling and deep tillage with a 0.75 IW/CPE moisture regime and 150 kg N ha−1.
Verbatim
t0“Sugarcane Yield”
e7“soil health could be sustained by adopting subsoiling (45–50 cm depth) and deep tillage (20–25 cm depth), with soil moisture regime of 0.75 IW/CPE and application of 150 kg N ha−1”
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