Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease that is becoming a serious global health problem. Diabetes has been considered to be one of the major risks of cataract and retinopathy. Synthetic and natural product inhibitors of carbohydrate degrading enzymes are able to reduce type 2 diabetes and its complications. For a long time, potatoes have been portrayed as unhealthy for diabetic patients by some nutritionist due to their high starch content. However, purple and red potato cultivars have received considerable attention from consumers because they have high levels of polyphenolic compounds that have potent antioxidant activities. In this study, we screened the total phenolics (TP) and total anthocyanins (TA) and analyzed the phenolic and anthocyanin compounds in selected potato cultivars and advanced selections with distinct flesh colors (purple, red, yellow and white). Purple and red potato cultivars had higher levels of TP and TA than tubers with other flesh colors. Chlorogenic acid is the predominant phenolic acid, and major anthocyanin is composed of the derivatives of petunidin, peonidin, malvidin and pelargonidin. We tested the potential inhibitory effect of potato extracts on the activities of α-amylase and α-glucosidase, which were targeted to develop antidiabetic therapeutic agents. We also measured inhibitory effect of potato extracts on aldose reductase (AR) which is a key enzyme that has been a major drug target for the development of therapies to treat diabetic complications. Purple flesh tubers extract showed the most effective inhibition of α-amylase, α-glucosidase, and aldose reductase with IC50 values 25, 42, and 32 μg/ml, respectively. Kinetic studies showed that anthocyanins are noncompetitive inhibitors of these enzymes, whereas phenolic acids behaved as mixed inhibitors for α-amylase and α-glucosidase and noncompetitive inhibitors for AR. This study supports the development of a positive and healthful image of potatoes, which is an important issue for consumers.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Purple and red potato cultivars had higher total phenolic and anthocyanin levels than tubers of other flesh colours.
- Taxon
- potato
Solanum tuberosume2 - Material
- Purple and red potato cultivarse1
- Outcome
- levels of TP and TAe1
- Direction
- highere1
- Comparator
- tubers with other flesh colorse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Purple and red potato cultivars had higher levels of TP and TA than tubers with other flesh colors”
e2“selected potato cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
Purple flesh tuber extract showed the most effective inhibition of alpha-amylase, alpha-glucosidase and aldose reductase, with IC50 values of 25, 42 and 32 μg/ml.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosume2
- Treatment
- Purple flesh tubers extracte1
- Outcome
- inhibition of α-amylase, α-glucosidase, and aldose reductasee1
- Direction
- most effectivee1
- Value
- 25, 42, and 32 μg/mle1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Purple flesh tubers extract showed the most effective inhibition of α-amylase, α-glucosidase, and aldose reductase with IC50 values 25, 42, and 32 μg/ml, respectively”
e2“selected potato cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
Anthocyanins are noncompetitive inhibitors of the three enzymes.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosume2
- Compound
- anthocyaninse1
- Outcome
- noncompetitive inhibitorse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Kinetic studies showed that anthocyanins are noncompetitive inhibitors of these enzymes”
e2“selected potato cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
Phenolic acids are mixed inhibitors of alpha-amylase and alpha-glucosidase.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosume2
- Compound
- phenolic acidse1
- Outcome
- mixed inhibitorse1
- Qualifier
- for α-amylase and α-glucosidasee1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“phenolic acids behaved as mixed inhibitors for α-amylase and α-glucosidase and noncompetitive inhibitors for AR”
e2“selected potato cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
Phenolic acids are noncompetitive inhibitors of aldose reductase.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosume2
- Compound
- phenolic acidse1
- Outcome
- noncompetitive inhibitorse1
- Qualifier
- for ARe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“phenolic acids behaved as mixed inhibitors for α-amylase and α-glucosidase and noncompetitive inhibitors for AR”
e2“selected potato cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
Chlorogenic acid is the predominant phenolic acid in the potato cultivars.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosume2
- Outcome
- predominant phenolic acide1
- Qualifier
- Chlorogenic acide1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Chlorogenic acid is the predominant phenolic acid”
e2“selected potato cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
The major anthocyanin consists of petunidin, peonidin, malvidin and pelargonidin derivatives.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosume2
- Outcome
- major anthocyanine1
- Qualifier
- derivatives of petunidin, peonidin, malvidin and pelargonidine1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“major anthocyanin is composed of the derivatives of petunidin, peonidin, malvidin and pelargonidin”
e2“selected potato cultivars”
The same questions in other papers
botanical · disease · Solanum tuberosum (potato)Positive and negative results
64 papers in the same direction as this paper · 5 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- negative
- negative
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See all 70 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.