Abstract
Autophagy emerges as an essential immunity defense against intracellular pathogens. Here we report that turnip mosaic virus (TuMV) infection activates autophagy in plants and that Beclin1 (ATG6), a core component of autophagy, inhibits virus replication. Beclin1 interacts with NIb, the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) of TuMV, via the highly conserved GDD motif and the interaction complex is targeted for autophagic degradation likely through the adaptor protein ATG8a. Beclin1-mediated NIb degradation is inhibited by autophagy inhibitors. Deficiency of Beclin1 or ATG8a enhances NIb accumulation and promotes viral infection and vice versa. These data suggest that Beclin1 may be a selective autophagy receptor. Overexpression of a Beclin1 truncation mutant that binds to NIb but lacks the ability to mediate NIb degradation also inhibits virus replication. The Beclin1-RdRp interaction further extends to several RNA viruses. Thus Beclin1 restricts viral infection through suppression and also likely autophagic degradation of the viral RdRp.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
TuMV infection activated autophagy in plants.
- Taxon
- plantsViridiplantaee0
- Interactor
- turnip mosaic virus (TuMV)
Turnip mosaic viruse0pathogen - Outcome
- autophagye0
- Direction
- activatese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“turnip mosaic virus (TuMV) infection activates autophagy in plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Beclin1 inhibited virus replication.
- Taxon
- plantsViridiplantaet0
- Gene
- Beclin1 (ATG6)e0
- Outcome
- virus replicatione0
- Direction
- inhibitse0
Verbatim
e0“Beclin1 (ATG6), a core component of autophagy, inhibits virus replication”
t0“plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Beclin1 interacted with TuMV NIb via the conserved GDD motif.
- Taxon
- plantsViridiplantaet0
- Interactor
- TuMVTurnip mosaic viruse0pathogen
- Gene
- Beclin1e0
- Outcome
- interacts with NIbe0
- Qualifier
- via the highly conserved GDD motife0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Beclin1 interacts with NIb, the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) of TuMV, via the highly conserved GDD motif”
t0“plants”
Claim · model-written summary
The Beclin1–NIb complex was targeted for autophagic degradation, likely via ATG8a.
- Taxon
- plantsViridiplantaet0
- Gene
- ATG8ae0
- Outcome
- targeted for autophagic degradatione0
- Qualifier
- likely through the adaptor protein ATG8ae0
Not reportedDirection
Verbatim
e0“the interaction complex is targeted for autophagic degradation likely through the adaptor protein ATG8a”
t0“plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Autophagy inhibitors inhibited Beclin1-mediated NIb degradation.
- Taxon
- plantsViridiplantaet0
- Treatment
- autophagy inhibitorse0
- Gene
- Beclin1e0
- Outcome
- Beclin1-mediated NIb degradatione0
- Direction
- inhibitede0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Beclin1-mediated NIb degradation is inhibited by autophagy inhibitors”
t0“plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Beclin1 deficiency enhanced NIb accumulation and viral infection.
- Taxon
- plantsViridiplantaet0
- Treatment
- Deficiency of Beclin1e0
- Gene
- Beclin1e0
- Outcome
- NIb accumulation and promotes viral infectione0
- Direction
- enhancese0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Deficiency of Beclin1 or ATG8a enhances NIb accumulation and promotes viral infection”
t0“plants”
Claim · model-written summary
ATG8a deficiency enhanced NIb accumulation and viral infection.
- Taxon
- plantsViridiplantaet0
- Treatment
- ATG8ae0
- Gene
- ATG8ae0
- Outcome
- NIb accumulation and promotes viral infectione0
- Direction
- enhancese0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Deficiency of Beclin1 or ATG8a enhances NIb accumulation and promotes viral infection”
t0“plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Overexpression of a Beclin1 truncation mutant inhibited virus replication.
- Taxon
- plantsViridiplantaet0
- Treatment
- Overexpression of a Beclin1 truncation mutante0
- Gene
- Beclin1e0
- Outcome
- virus replicatione0
- Direction
- inhibitse0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Overexpression of a Beclin1 truncation mutant that binds to NIb but lacks the ability to mediate NIb degradation also inhibits virus replication”
t0“plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Beclin1–RdRp interaction extended to several RNA viruses.
- Taxon
- plantsViridiplantaet0
- Gene
- Beclin1-RdRpe0
- Outcome
- interaction further extends to several RNA virusese0
Not reportedDirection
Verbatim
e0“The Beclin1-RdRp interaction further extends to several RNA viruses”
t0“plants”