Abstract
Momilactones A and B (MA and MB, respectively) are phytoalexins and plant growth inhibitors available in rice husks. However, to date, the isolation and purification of the two compounds have been complicated, laborious, and less effective. The present study was conducted to establish a protocol to simplify and optimize quantities of MA and MB by combinations of ethyl acetate (EtOAc), distilled water, methanol (MeOH), temperature, and pressure for extractions. At a temperature of 100 °C, combined with EtOAc and MeOH 100%, MA and MB were enriched in greater quantities than non-treated rice husks, of which MB was much augmented than MA. The EtOAc extract obtained from samples dried at 100 °C for 1 h, then placed in MeOH 100% for 1 week, provided maximum yields of MA [58.76 µg/g dry weight (DW)] and MB (104.43 µg/g DW). The use of pressure effectively enhanced yields of MA (17.90–26.26 µg/g DW) and MB (40.78–71.0 µg/g DW). The actual purified amounts of MA and MB increased by 5 and 15 folds, respectively. The use of either sole distilled water or MeOH ≤ 50% at any temperature did not successfully isolate both MA and MB. The yield optimization aids to easier and more productive purification of the two compounds, and thus extends researches on biological activities of MA and MB, including pharmaceutical and medicinal properties.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Extraction at 100 °C with EtOAc and MeOH 100% enriched MA and MB more than non-treated rice husks, with MB much more augmented than MA.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativae0 - Treatment
- temperature of 100 °C, combined with EtOAc and MeOH 100%e1
- Outcome
- MA and MBe1
- Direction
- enriched in greater quantitiese1
- Qualifier
- MB was much augmented than MAe1
- Comparator
- non-treated rice huskse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Momilactones A and B (MA and MB, respectively) are phytoalexins and plant growth inhibitors available in rice husks”
e1“At a temperature of 100 °C, combined with EtOAc and MeOH 100%, MA and MB were enriched in greater quantities than non-treated rice husks, of which MB was much augmented than MA”
Claim · model-written summary
The EtOAc extract from samples dried at 100 °C for 1 h and then placed in MeOH 100% for 1 week gave maximum MA yield of 58.76 µg/g DW.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- samples dried at 100 °C for 1 h, then placed in MeOH 100% for 1 weeke2
- Outcome
- yields of MAe2
- Direction
- maximume2
- Value
- 58.76 µg/g dry weight (DW)e2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Momilactones A and B (MA and MB, respectively) are phytoalexins and plant growth inhibitors available in rice husks”
e2“The EtOAc extract obtained from samples dried at 100 °C for 1 h, then placed in MeOH 100% for 1 week, provided maximum yields of MA [58.76 µg/g dry weight (DW)] and MB (104.43 µg/g DW)”
Claim · model-written summary
The same EtOAc extraction gave maximum MB yield of 104.43 µg/g DW.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- samples dried at 100 °C for 1 h, then placed in MeOH 100% for 1 weeke2
- Outcome
- yieldse2
- Direction
- maximume2
- Value
- 104.43 µg/g DWe2
- Qualifier
- MB (104.43 µg/g DW)e2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Momilactones A and B (MA and MB, respectively) are phytoalexins and plant growth inhibitors available in rice husks”
e2“The EtOAc extract obtained from samples dried at 100 °C for 1 h, then placed in MeOH 100% for 1 week, provided maximum yields of MA [58.76 µg/g dry weight (DW)] and MB (104.43 µg/g DW)”
Claim · model-written summary
Use of pressure enhanced MA yield to 17.90–26.26 µg/g DW.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- use of pressuree3
- Outcome
- yields of MAe3
- Direction
- enhancede3
- Value
- 17.90–26.26 µg/g DWe3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Momilactones A and B (MA and MB, respectively) are phytoalexins and plant growth inhibitors available in rice husks”
e3“The use of pressure effectively enhanced yields of MA (17.90–26.26 µg/g DW) and MB (40.78–71.0 µg/g DW)”
Claim · model-written summary
Use of pressure enhanced MB yield to 40.78–71.0 µg/g DW.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- use of pressuree3
- Outcome
- yieldse3
- Direction
- enhancede3
- Value
- 40.78–71.0 µg/g DWe3
- Qualifier
- MB (40.78–71.0e3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Momilactones A and B (MA and MB, respectively) are phytoalexins and plant growth inhibitors available in rice husks”
e3“The use of pressure effectively enhanced yields of MA (17.90–26.26 µg/g DW) and MB (40.78–71.0 µg/g DW)”
Claim · model-written summary
Optimized purification increased the purified amount of MA about 5-fold.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Outcome
- actual purified amounts of MAe4
- Direction
- increasede4
- Value
- 5e4
- Qualifier
- folds, respectivelye4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Momilactones A and B (MA and MB, respectively) are phytoalexins and plant growth inhibitors available in rice husks”
e4“The actual purified amounts of MA and MB increased by 5 and 15 folds, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Optimized purification increased the purified amount of MB about 15-fold.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Outcome
- actual purified amounts of MA and MBe4
- Direction
- increasede4
- Value
- 15e4
- Qualifier
- folds, respectivelye4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Momilactones A and B (MA and MB, respectively) are phytoalexins and plant growth inhibitors available in rice husks”
e4“The actual purified amounts of MA and MB increased by 5 and 15 folds, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Sole distilled water or MeOH at 50% or less, at any temperature, did not isolate both MA and MB.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- sole distilled water or MeOH ≤ 50% at any temperaturee5
- Outcome
- isolate both MA and MBe5
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Momilactones A and B (MA and MB, respectively) are phytoalexins and plant growth inhibitors available in rice husks”
e5“The use of either sole distilled water or MeOH ≤ 50% at any temperature did not successfully isolate both MA and MB”
The same questions in other papers
methanol · yield · Oryza sativa (rice)Results differ
2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- positive
- positive
processing · yield · Oryza sativa (rice)Positive and negative results
87 papers in the same direction as this paper · 21 in the opposite direction · 5 reporting no difference from an alternative
- negative
- no effect
- negative
110 papers more in this group
See all 114 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.