Abstract
Abstract Identification of a rice cultivar with high yield potential has been heavily sought by researchers in China, and pursuant to this goal, several indica‐japonica hybrid rice ( IJHR ) cultivars have been studied for over a decade. However, in addition to high yield, it is important that the cultivar also exhibit good water use efficiency ( WUE ). This study compared the yield performance and WUE of the IJHR cultivars under alternate wetting and severe drying ( AWSD ) irrigation regimen to the japonica inbred rice ( JIR ) cultivars. Field experiments were conducted on two representative IJHR cultivars (Chunyou927 and Yongyou538) and two representative JIR cultivars (Xiushui09 and Zhejing99) in 2015 and 2016 with two different irrigation methods: continuous flooding ( CF ) and AWSD . Irrigation water was 275–349 mm in the AWSD irrigation regimen, which was 49.8%–56.2% of that (552–620 mm) applied to the CF irrigation regimen. Compared to CF , the AWSD irrigation method significantly decreased grain yield in both IJHR and JIR cultivars, with a more significant reduction in JIR cultivars, and WUE was improved in both the IJHR and JIR cultivars, especially in the IJHR cultivars. Compared to the JIR cultivars, the IJHR cultivars were found to have improved agronomic and physiological performances under the AWSD irrigation regimen, such as a larger sink size, higher percentage of productive tillers, higher matter production ability during reproductive and ripening periods, larger root biomass, deeper root distribution and greater nonstructural carbohydrate ( NSC ) accumulation in the stem at heading, larger NSC remobilization from the stem, and higher root oxidation activity and leaf photosynthetic rates during ripening period. Improved agronomic and physiological traits contributed to an increase in WUE with less yield loss for IJHR cultivars under the AWSD irrigation regimen.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
AWSD used 275–349 mm irrigation water, 49.8%–56.2% of CF.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativat0 - Treatment
- AWSD irrigation regimene0
- Outcome
- Irrigation watere0
- Direction
- lowerinferrede0
- Value
- 275–349 mme0
- Qualifier
- 49.8%–56.2%e0
- Comparator
- CF irrigation regimene0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Irrigation water was 275–349 mm in the AWSD irrigation regimen, which was 49.8%–56.2% of that (552–620 mm) applied to the CF irrigation regimen”
t0“hybrid rice (Oryza sativa L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
AWSD significantly decreased yield in both cultivar groups.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- AWSD irrigation methode0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Comparator
- CFe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Compared to CF , the AWSD irrigation method significantly decreased grain yield in both IJHR and JIR cultivars”
t0“hybrid rice (Oryza sativa L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Yield reduction under AWSD was greater in JIR cultivars.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Material
- JIR cultivarse0
- Outcome
- reductione0
- Direction
- more significante0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“with a more significant reduction in JIR cultivars”
t0“hybrid rice (Oryza sativa L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
AWSD improved WUE in both cultivar groups, especially IJHR.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Compared to CF , the AWSD irrigation method significantly decreased grain yield in both IJHR and JIR cultivars, with a more significant reduction in JIR cultivars, and WUE was improved in both the IJHR and JIR cultivars, especially in the IJHR cultivars”
t0“hybrid rice (Oryza sativa L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Under AWSD, IJHR had larger sink size and more productive tillers than JIR.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Material
- IJHR cultivarse1
- Outcome
- sink size, higher percentage of productive tillerse0
- Direction
- largere0
- Comparator
- JIR cultivarse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“larger sink size, higher percentage of productive tillers”
t0“hybrid rice (Oryza sativa L.)”
e1“Compared to the JIR cultivars, the IJHR cultivars were found to have improved agronomic and physiological performances under the AWSD irrigation regimen”
Claim · model-written summary
IJHR had higher matter production during reproduction and ripening.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Material
- IJHR cultivarse1
- Outcome
- matter production abilitye0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- JIR cultivarse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“higher matter production ability during reproductive and ripening periods”
t0“hybrid rice (Oryza sativa L.)”
e1“Compared to the JIR cultivars, the IJHR cultivars were found to have improved agronomic and physiological performances under the AWSD irrigation regimen”
Claim · model-written summary
IJHR had larger root biomass and deeper roots.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Material
- IJHR cultivarse1
- Outcome
- root biomass, deeper root distributione0
- Direction
- largere0
- Comparator
- JIR cultivarse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“larger root biomass, deeper root distribution”
t0“hybrid rice (Oryza sativa L.)”
e1“Compared to the JIR cultivars, the IJHR cultivars were found to have improved agronomic and physiological performances under the AWSD irrigation regimen”
Claim · model-written summary
IJHR accumulated more stem NSC at heading.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Material
- IJHR cultivarse1
- Outcome
- nonstructural carbohydrate ( NSC ) accumulation in the steme0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Comparator
- JIR cultivarse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“greater nonstructural carbohydrate ( NSC ) accumulation in the stem at heading”
t0“hybrid rice (Oryza sativa L.)”
e1“Compared to the JIR cultivars, the IJHR cultivars were found to have improved agronomic and physiological performances under the AWSD irrigation regimen”
Claim · model-written summary
IJHR remobilized more stem NSC.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Material
- IJHR cultivarse1
- Outcome
- NSC remobilization from the steme0
- Direction
- largere0
- Comparator
- JIR cultivarse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“larger NSC remobilization from the stem”
t0“hybrid rice (Oryza sativa L.)”
e1“Compared to the JIR cultivars, the IJHR cultivars were found to have improved agronomic and physiological performances under the AWSD irrigation regimen”
Claim · model-written summary
IJHR had higher root oxidation and leaf photosynthesis during ripening.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Material
- IJHR cultivarse1
- Outcome
- root oxidation activity and leaf photosynthetic ratese0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- JIR cultivarse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“higher root oxidation activity and leaf photosynthetic rates during ripening period”
t0“hybrid rice (Oryza sativa L.)”
e1“Compared to the JIR cultivars, the IJHR cultivars were found to have improved agronomic and physiological performances under the AWSD irrigation regimen”
Claim · model-written summary
The improved traits contributed to higher WUE with less yield loss under AWSD.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Outcome
- increase in WUE with less yield losse0
- Qualifier
- Improved agronomic and physiological traitse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Improved agronomic and physiological traits contributed to an increase in WUE with less yield loss for IJHR cultivars under the AWSD irrigation regimen”
t0“hybrid rice (Oryza sativa L.)”
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