Abstract
Abstract To assess the impact of Ni toxicity in soils after long-term field aging, a coarse-textured soil was spiked with Ni salt at 100, 200, and 400 mg kg−1 Ni concentrations. These soils were aged in the field along with an unspiked (control) soil under natural conditions for 12 yr, after which total soil Ni was measured and tests of Ni extractability by 0.01 M CaCl2 and diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA) were done. Soybean assays and soil respiration tests were performed to determine residual Ni toxicity of the aged contaminated soils. The greatest loss of Ni after 12 yr of aging occurred from the soil spiked with the highest Ni level, but substantial loss of Ni occurred from the lower Ni levels as well. Loss was attributable to leaching as the fraction of readily extractable (by 0.01 M CaCl2) Ni diminished with long-term aging. Readily extractable and DTPA-extractable Ni increased with increasing soil spiking levels, but only the latter was linearly proportional to total Ni. Phytotoxicity to soybeans (Glycine max L.) in the field was initially high at all levels of added Ni but diminished over the 12 yr of aging. A greenhouse soybean assay with the 12-yr aged soils confirmed toxicity to be statistically significant at all Ni addition levels and dose-dependent, with 0.01 M CaCl2-extractable Ni >5 mg kg−1 shown to be measurably phytotoxic to soybeans. Phytotoxicity may have been caused at least in part by the observed inhibition of Mn, Fe, Cu, and Zn uptake by soil Ni. Soil respiration was increasingly inhibited as levels of added Ni increased from 100 to 400 mg kg−1. Environ Toxicol Chem 2018;37:1933–1939. © 2018 SETAC
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Field aging caused the greatest nickel loss from soil at the highest spike level.
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“The greatest loss of Ni after 12 yr of aging occurred from the soil spiked with the highest Ni level”
Claim · model-written summary
Readily extractable nickel diminished with long-term aging.
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“the fraction of readily extractable (by 0.01 M CaCl2) Ni diminished with long-term aging”
Claim · model-written summary
Readily extractable and DTPA-extractable nickel increased with soil spike level.
- Treatment
- soil spiking levelse0
- Outcome
- Readily extractable and DTPA-extractable Nie0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“Readily extractable and DTPA-extractable Ni increased with increasing soil spiking levels”
Claim · model-written summary
Only DTPA-extractable nickel was linearly proportional to total nickel.
Not reportedTaxonDirection
Verbatim
e0“only the latter was linearly proportional to total Ni”
Claim · model-written summary
Field soybean phytotoxicity diminished across 12 years of soil aging.
- Taxon
- soybeans (Glycine max L.)
Glycine maxe0 - Treatment
- added Nie0
- Outcome
- Phytotoxicitye0
- Direction
- diminishede0
- Setting
- in the fielde0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Phytotoxicity to soybeans (Glycine max L.) in the field was initially high at all levels of added Ni but diminished over the 12 yr of aging”
Claim · model-written summary
Greenhouse soybean toxicity remained significant at every nickel addition level and increased with dose.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- Ni addition levelse0
- Outcome
- toxicitye0
- Direction
- dose-dependente0
- Qualifier
- 12-yr aged soilse0
- Setting
- greenhousee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A greenhouse soybean assay with the 12-yr aged soils confirmed toxicity to be statistically significant at all Ni addition levels and dose-dependent”
Claim · model-written summary
Extractable nickel above 5 mg kg−1 was measurably phytotoxic to soybeans.
- Taxon
- soybeansGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- 0.01 M CaCl2-extractable Nie0
- Outcome
- phytotoxice0
- Value
- >5 mg kg−1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“0.01 M CaCl2-extractable Ni >5 mg kg−1 shown to be measurably phytotoxic to soybeans”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil nickel inhibited soybean uptake of Mn, Fe, Cu, and Zn.
- Taxon
- soybeansGlycine maxe1
- Treatment
- soil Nie0
- Outcome
- Mn, Fe, Cu, and Zn uptakee0
- Direction
- inhibitione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“observed inhibition of Mn, Fe, Cu, and Zn uptake by soil Ni”
t0“Phytotoxicity and microbial respiration of Ni-spiked soils”
e1“Phytotoxicity to soybeans (Glycine max L.) in the field was initially high at all levels of added Ni but diminished over the 12 yr of aging”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil respiration was increasingly inhibited from 100 to 400 mg kg−1 added nickel.
- Treatment
- added Nie0
- Outcome
- Soil respiratione0
- Direction
- increasingly inhibitede0
- Value
- 100 to 400 mg kg−1e0
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“Soil respiration was increasingly inhibited as levels of added Ni increased from 100 to 400 mg kg−1”
The same questions in other papers
nickel atom · nutrient: content · Glycine max (soybean)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 3 in the opposite direction
- negative
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1 paper more in this group
See all 5 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.