Abstract
BACKGROUND: Storage starch in starchy seed influences the seed weight and texture, and determines its applications in food and nonfood industries. Starch granules from different plant sources have significantly different shapes and sizes, and even more the difference exists in the different regions of the same tissue. Therefore, it is very important to in situ investigate the morphology and distribution of starch in the whole seed. However, a simple and rapid method is deficient to prepare the whole section of starchy seed for investigating the morphology and distribution of starch in the whole seeds for a large number of samples. RESULTS: A simple and rapid method was established to prepare the whole section of starchy seed, especially for floury seed, in this study. The whole seeds of translucent and chalky rice, vitreous and floury maize, and normal barley and wheat were sectioned successfully using the newly established method. The iodine-stained section clearly exhibited the shapes and size of starch granules in different regions of seed. The starch granules with different morphologies and iodine-staining colors existed regionally in the seeds of high-amylose rice and maize. The sections of lotus and kidney bean seeds also showed the feasibility of this method for starchy non-cereal seeds. CONCLUSION: The simple and rapid method was proven effective for preparing the whole sections of starchy seeds. The whole section of seed could be used to investigate the morphology and distribution of starch granules in different regions of the whole seed. The method was especially suitable for large sample numbers to investigate the starch morphology in short time.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
The method successfully sectioned translucent rice seeds.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativae0 - Material
- translucente0
- Outcome
- sectioned successfullye0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The whole seeds of translucent and chalky rice, vitreous and floury maize, and normal barley and wheat were sectioned successfully using the newly established method”
Claim · model-written summary
The method successfully sectioned chalky rice seeds.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Material
- chalkye0
- Outcome
- sectioned successfullye0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The whole seeds of translucent and chalky rice, vitreous and floury maize, and normal barley and wheat were sectioned successfully using the newly established method”
Claim · model-written summary
The method successfully sectioned vitreous maize seeds.
Zea maysNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The whole seeds of translucent and chalky rice, vitreous and floury maize, and normal barley and wheat were sectioned successfully using the newly established method”
Claim · model-written summary
The method successfully sectioned floury maize seeds.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The whole seeds of translucent and chalky rice, vitreous and floury maize, and normal barley and wheat were sectioned successfully using the newly established method”
Claim · model-written summary
The method successfully sectioned normal barley seeds.
- Taxon
- barley
.jpg?width=60)
Hordeum vulgaree0 - Material
- normale0
- Outcome
- sectioned successfullye0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“The whole seeds of translucent and chalky rice, vitreous and floury maize, and normal barley and wheat were sectioned successfully using the newly established method”
Claim · model-written summary
The method successfully sectioned normal wheat seeds.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivume0 - Material
- normale0
- Outcome
- sectioned successfullye0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The whole seeds of translucent and chalky rice, vitreous and floury maize, and normal barley and wheat were sectioned successfully using the newly established method”
Claim · model-written summary
Iodine-stained sections revealed regional starch granule shapes and sizes.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“The iodine-stained section clearly exhibited the shapes and size of starch granules in different regions of seed”
Claim · model-written summary
High-amylose rice seeds had regionally different starch granule morphologies and iodine colours.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Material
- high-amylosee0
- Organ / stage
- seedse0
- Outcome
- different morphologies and iodine-staining colorse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The starch granules with different morphologies and iodine-staining colors existed regionally in the seeds of high-amylose rice and maize”
Claim · model-written summary
High-amylose maize seeds had regionally different starch granule morphologies and iodine colours.
- Material
- high-amylosee0
- Organ / stage
- seedse0
- Outcome
- different morphologies and iodine-staining colorse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The starch granules with different morphologies and iodine-staining colors existed regionally in the seeds of high-amylose rice and maize”
Claim · model-written summary
The method was feasible for lotus seeds.
- Outcome
- feasibilitye0
.jpg?width=60){kind=small}
LotusNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“The sections of lotus and kidney bean seeds also showed the feasibility of this method for starchy non-cereal seeds”
Claim · model-written summary
The method was feasible for kidney bean seeds.
- Taxon
- kidney bean
Phaseolus vulgarise0 - Outcome
- feasibilitye0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The sections of lotus and kidney bean seeds also showed the feasibility of this method for starchy non-cereal seeds”
Claim · model-written summary
The method was particularly suitable for rapid investigation of starch morphology in large sample sets.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“The method was especially suitable for large sample numbers to investigate the starch morphology in short time”
e1“whole sections of starchy seeds”