Abstract
Groundnut is the most important oilseed and cash crop in the Sub-Sahel regions. It is mainly cultivated under late-season drought that occurs during the pod-filling phase and regularly causes great reduction in pod yield. Two sets of extra-early closely related groundnut lines (80 days) were developed in Senegal through back-cross between two productive 90 days cultivars, 55-437 and 73-30, anda precocity donor of 75 days, Chico. However reduced genotypic variability of breeding lines is one of the major drawbacks encountered by breeders when improving materials for physiological traits. The objective was to improve selection criteria by establishing relevance of breeding traits based on the extent of their genotypic variation (ability to discriminate among closely related genotypes) and their relationship with yield under both well-watered and late-season drought stress. Yield, earliness, and physiological traits - relative water content (RWC), and parameters of in vivo chlorophyll fluorescence (SFI, "Structure-Function-Index" and Fv/Fm) - were measured on the two sets of lines during two crop seasons (2001 and 2002). The results show that selection done has maintained or improved production under watered and stressed conditions and increased maturity compared to the recurrent female parent for several lines. Yields obtained in 2001 correlated with yields of 2002 but yields under well-watered were not correlated with yields under drought showing the robustness of varietal yielding across years but not across treatments in groundnut. HIs (Harvest Indices) of these lines were high and stable confirming their high adaptive capacity for reallocation of assimilates to the grains. Yield relationships observed for physiological traits varied with watering conditions and genetic background hence confirming that groundnut has various adaptive adjustments capability for maintenance of yield under stress. Data obtained on fluorescence parameters, in particular SFI, traducing the integrity of photochemistry, showed superior susceptibility to drought and genotypic discriminatory capability. This shows that the integrity of the photosystem II centre is likely a key character in the drought adaptation of groundnut. The approach developed in this study provided SFI as potentially relevant selection criteria that can help screening lines because (i) this trait was chosen on the basis of existing variability detected on appropriate genetic materials (ii) it was correlated with yield performance in the field (iii) and it is easy to measure on large collection of genotypes.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Selection maintained or improved groundnut production under watered and stressed conditions relative to the recurrent female parent for several lines.
- Taxon
- groundnut
Arachis hypogaeae1 - Outcome
- productione0
- Direction
- maintained or improvede0
- Comparator
- recurrent female parente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“selection done has maintained or improved production under watered and stressed conditions and increased maturity compared to the recurrent female parent for several lines”
e1“groundnut lines”
Claim · model-written summary
Several selected groundnut lines matured earlier than the recurrent female parent.
- Taxon
- groundnutArachis hypogaeae1
- Outcome
- maturitye0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- recurrent female parente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“increased maturity compared to the recurrent female parent for several lines”
e1“groundnut lines”
Claim · model-written summary
Groundnut yields in 2001 correlated with yields in 2002.
- Taxon
- groundnutArachis hypogaeae1
- Outcome
- Yields obtained in 2001e0
- Comparator
- yields of 2002e0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Yields obtained in 2001 correlated with yields of 2002”
e1“early groundnut lines”
Claim · model-written summary
Groundnut yields under well-watered conditions did not correlate with yields under drought.
- Taxon
- groundnutArachis hypogaeae1
- Outcome
- yields under well-waterede0
- Direction
- not correlatede0
- Comparator
- yields under droughte0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“yields under well-watered were not correlated with yields under drought”
e1“early groundnut lines”
Claim · model-written summary
Harvest indices of the groundnut lines were high and stable.
- Taxon
- groundnutArachis hypogaeae1
- Outcome
- HIs (Harvest Indices)e0
- Direction
- high and stablee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“HIs (Harvest Indices) of these lines were high and stable”
e1“groundnut lines”
Claim · model-written summary
Groundnut physiological trait relationships with yield varied with watering conditions and genetic background.
- Taxon
- groundnutArachis hypogaeae1
- Treatment
- watering conditionse0
- Outcome
- Yield relationships observed for physiological traitse0
- Direction
- variede0
- Qualifier
- genetic backgrounde0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Yield relationships observed for physiological traits varied with watering conditions and genetic background”
e1“early groundnut lines”
Claim · model-written summary
Fluorescence parameters, particularly SFI, showed superior drought susceptibility and genotypic discrimination in groundnut.
- Taxon
- groundnutArachis hypogaeae1
- Outcome
- fluorescence parameters, in particular SFIe0
- Direction
- superiore0
- Qualifier
- drought and genotypic discriminatory capabilitye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“fluorescence parameters, in particular SFI, traducing the integrity of photochemistry, showed superior susceptibility to drought and genotypic discriminatory capability”
e1“early groundnut lines”
Claim · model-written summary
The study proposes SFI as a practical groundnut screening criterion because it varies among lines, correlates with field yield, and is easy to measure.
- Taxon
- groundnutArachis hypogaeae1
- Outcome
- SFI as potentially relevant selection criteriae0
- Qualifier
- it is easy to measure on large collection of genotypese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“SFI as potentially relevant selection criteria that can help screening lines because (i) this trait was chosen on the basis of existing variability detected on appropriate genetic materials (ii) it was correlated with yield performance in the field (iii) and it is easy to measure on large collection of genotypes”
e1“early groundnut lines”