Abstract
Drought (WS) and low soil phosphorus (LP) are major constraints of groundnut productivity. This study aims to (i) understand the relative importance of phosphorus (P) deficiency, water stress and their interaction, (ii )investigate water extraction pattern under WS and LP, and (iii) identify field and controlled conditions measured traits related to better performance of genotypes under WS and LP. Six groundnut varieties were assessed under field and lysimetre conditions. Two water regimes (WW, WS) and 2 phosphorus treatments (HP, LP) were imposed. Leaf Area Index (LAI), roots volume (RV), length density (RLD) and roots dry matter (RDM), water extraction (WEx), transpiration efficiency (TE), soil moisture content (SMC) and yield were investigated. LP stress decreased LAI and pod weight (Pwt) (42 and 28 % respectively). ICGV 12991 and 12CS-116 varieties showed the highest LAI and Pwt. LAI, correlated to Pwt(r2 = 0.77), revealed relevant trait for LP tolerance.LP and WS decreased roots and canopy measured traits. WS and LP decreased WEx (51 and 7% respectively). Combined LP and WS (WS-LP) decreased WEx up to 60%. ICG 12991 and 12CS-116 showed the highest WEx, RLD and RDM under WS-LP; RLDcould contribute to water uptake to avoid dehydration. Significant genotypic variation observed on SMC revealed different pattern of WEx. TE increased under WS and decreased under LP; factors driving TE would be different.12CS-116, 55-437 and ICG 12991 revealed high TEand tolerant to WS-LP but showed different tolerance mechanism. This study revealed that ICG 12991 and 12CS-116 were tolerant to WS-LP and LAI, RLD, while WEx and TE revealed relevant traits for groundnut improvement.
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Claims 14
Claim · model-written summary
Low phosphorus reduced leaf area index by 42%.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“LP stress decreased LAI and pod weight (Pwt) (42 and 28 % respectively)”
t0“groundnut”
Claim · model-written summary
Low phosphorus reduced pod weight by 28%.
- Taxon
- groundnut
Arachis hypogaeat0 - Treatment
- LP stresse0
- Outcome
- pod weight (Pwt)e0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Value
- 28 %e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“LP stress decreased LAI and pod weight (Pwt) (42 and 28 % respectively)”
t0“groundnut”
Claim · model-written summary
ICGV 12991 and 12CS-116 had the highest LAI and pod weight.
- Taxon
- groundnutArachis hypogaeat0
- Material
- ICGV 12991 and 12CS-116e0
- Outcome
- LAI and Pwte0
- Direction
- higheste0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“ICGV 12991 and 12CS-116 varieties showed the highest LAI and Pwt”
t0“groundnut”
Claim · model-written summary
LAI correlated with pod weight with r2 = 0.77.
- Taxon
- groundnutArachis hypogaeat0
- Organ / stage
- LAIe0
- Outcome
- Pwte0
- Value
- r2 = 0.77e0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“LAI, correlated to Pwt(r2 = 0.77)”
t0“groundnut”
Claim · model-written summary
Low phosphorus and water stress reduced root and canopy traits.
- Taxon
- groundnutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- LP and WSe0
- Outcome
- roots and canopy measured traitse0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“LP and WS decreased roots and canopy measured traits”
t0“groundnut”
Claim · model-written summary
Water stress reduced water extraction by 51%.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“WS and LP decreased WEx (51 and 7% respectively)”
t0“groundnut”
Claim · model-written summary
Low phosphorus reduced water extraction by 7%.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“WS and LP decreased WEx (51 and 7% respectively)”
t0“groundnut”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined low phosphorus and water stress reduced extraction up to 60%.
- Taxon
- groundnutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- Combined LP and WS (WS-LP)e0
- Outcome
- WExe0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Value
- 60%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Combined LP and WS (WS-LP) decreased WEx up to 60%”
t0“groundnut”
Claim · model-written summary
ICG 12991 and 12CS-116 had the highest WEx, RLD, and RDM under combined stress.
- Taxon
- groundnutArachis hypogaeat0
- Material
- ICG 12991 and 12CS-116e0
- Outcome
- WEx, RLD and RDMe0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Qualifier
- under WS-LPe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“ICG 12991 and 12CS-116 showed the highest WEx, RLD and RDM under WS-LP”
t0“groundnut”
Claim · model-written summary
Genotypes varied significantly in soil moisture content.
- Taxon
- groundnutArachis hypogaeat0
- Outcome
- genotypic variation observed on SMCe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Significant genotypic variation observed on SMC revealed different pattern of WEx”
t0“groundnut”
Claim · model-written summary
Transpiration efficiency rose under water stress.
- Taxon
- groundnutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- WSe0
- Outcome
- TEe0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“TE increased under WS and decreased under LP”
t0“groundnut”
Claim · model-written summary
Transpiration efficiency fell under low phosphorus.
- Taxon
- groundnutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- LPe0
- Outcome
- TEe0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“TE increased under WS and decreased under LP”
t0“groundnut”
Claim · model-written summary
Three varieties had high transpiration efficiency and tolerance to combined stress.
- Taxon
- groundnutArachis hypogaeat0
- Material
- 12CS-116, 55-437 and ICG 12991e0
- Outcome
- high TEand tolerant to WS-LPe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“12CS-116, 55-437 and ICG 12991 revealed high TEand tolerant to WS-LP but showed different tolerance mechanism”
t0“groundnut”
Claim · model-written summary
ICG 12991 and 12CS-116 were judged tolerant to combined stress.
- Taxon
- groundnutArachis hypogaeat0
- Material
- ICG 12991 and 12CS-116e0
- Outcome
- tolerant to WS-LPe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“ICG 12991 and 12CS-116 were tolerant to WS-LP”
t0“groundnut”